scholarly journals Redukcja błękitu metylenowego przez drożdże. I. Wpływ koncentracji jonów wodorowych i temperatury [On the reduction of methylene blue by yeast. I. The influence of hydrogen ion concentration and of temperature]

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoni Kozłowski
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Hydrogen Ion Concentration

scholarly journals A STABLE HEMOLYSIN-LEUCOCIDIN AND ITS CRYSTAL-LINE DERIVATIVE ISOLATED FROM BETA HEMOLYTIC STREPTOCOCCI

1938 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Czarnetzky ◽  
Isabel M. Morgan ◽  
Stuart Mudd
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Hydrogen Ion Concentration ◽  
High Degree

1. A chemically pure hemolysin-leucocidin has been isolated from ß hemolytic streptococci, but not from other species of bacteria studied. 2. It does not give rise to antibodies, but precipitates immune sera against hemolytic streptococci, and is therefore a hapten. 3. A highly purified sample of S. H. up to a dilution of 1:128,000 hemolyzes red blood cells. Its hemolytic activity is not specifically neutralized by antiserum versus ß hemolytic streptococci. It is leucocidic in that it inhibits the reduction of methylene blue by leucocytes. 4. The hemolysin-leucocidin is stable to oxygen, to heat and to moderate changes in hydrogen ion concentration. Its chemical structure has been determined in part. Its molecular weight is 2260. 5. A crystalline derivative has been isolated as the sodium salt from the hemolysin-leucocidin. As the free acid it has a molecular weight of 720. Its hemolytic and leucocidic activity parallels that of S. H., although it is not serologically active. It possesses a high degree of toxicity for mice and rabbits.

scholarly journals DIFFERENTIATION OF HEMOLYTIC STREPTOCOCCI OF HUMAN AND OF DAIRY ORIGIN BY METHYLENE BLUE TOLERANCE AND FINAL ACIDITY

1929 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy C. Avery
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Hydrogen Ion Concentration ◽  
Ph Range

A grouping of 138 strains of hemolytic streptococci based on differences in dye-sensitiveness and in final hydrogen-ion concentration of cultures is presented. Three groups are distinguished; (1) human parasitic strains, defined by a final pH range of 5.2 to 5.0 and by failure to reduce methylene blue (1:5000) in milk, (2) bovine strains parasitic in the udder, characterized by a final pH range of 4.5 to 4.2 and by failure to reduce methylene blue (1:5000) in milk, (3) saprophytic strains, characterized by a final pH range of 4.5 to 4.2 and by ability to reduce methylene blue. Methylene blue was bactericidal for the strains of hemolytic streptococci that fail to reduce it, but neither bacteriostatic nor bactericidal for the strains that caused its reduction.

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