scholarly journals Aleuria aurantia - indole metabolites of fruit bodies, mycelial culture and culture medium

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-337
Author(s):  
Janina Węgiel ◽  
Stanisław Kohlmünzer
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Mycelial Culture ◽  
Aleuria Aurantia

The aim of present study was to investigate and compare indole metabolites of fruit bodies, mycelium cultivated <i>in vitro</i> and culture medium of the fungus <i>Aleuria aurantia</i> (Fr.) Fuck. By use of a number of chromatographic and spectroscopic methods several indole metabolites have been detected and identified among other the 3-indolebutyric acid was produced and extracted to the culture medium. Furthermore 3-indoleatonitrile and tryptophane degradative products have been found both in fruit bodies and mycelium.

scholarly journals Micropropagation protocol for the wild Brazilian greenberry (Rubus erythroclados)

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-415
Author(s):  
Paulo Mauricio Centenaro Bueno ◽  
Luiz Antonio Biasi ◽  
Mauro Brasil Dias Tofanelli
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Ex Vitro Rooting ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Simple Protocol ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Proliferation

This study presents the first micropropagation protocol for greenberry (Rubus erythroclados), a wild Brazilian species with edible green fruits. In the in vitro multiplication stage, three concentrations of benzyladenine (BA) were tested (0, 5 and 10 μM), combined with three concentrations of indolebutyric acid (IBA) (0, 3 and 6 μM) in two subsequent subcultures. In the rooting stage, in and ex vitro rooting were compared after pulse treatment of the microcutting for 10 seconds in IBA (0, 2.46, 4.92 and 7.38 mM). For the in vitro trial, the microcuttings were maintained in glass bottles with an MS medium under controlled conditions inside a growth room. For the ex vitro trial, the microcuttings were planted in styrofoam containers with vermiculite and maintained inside a greenhouse with an intermittent mist system. R. erythroclados multiplication was obtained with the addition of BA to the culture medium, while IBA reduced the shoot proliferation and increased mortality. The ex vitro rooting showed the best results, reaching 95.8% for rooted and acclimatizated plants without IBA. An efficient and simple protocol can be used for R. erythroclados micropropagation with 5 μM BA for in vitro shoot proliferation and ex vitro rooting of microcuttings with intermittent misting.

scholarly journals In vitro selection of NaHCO3 tolerant cultivars of Morus alba (Local and Sujanpuri) in response to morphological and biochemical parameters

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 114-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ahmad ◽  
S. Sharma ◽  
S. Srivastava P
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Selection Of

In vitro experiments were conducted to study the effect of NaHCO<sub>3</sub> (alkalinity) stress on saplings of <i>Morus alba</i> (cv. Local and Sujanpuri) cultured from nodal explants. For shoot multiplication 2.5 mg/l of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) with 0.3 mg/l gibberellic acid (GA<sub>3</sub>) were used and root formation was induced with 1.0 mg/l of indolebutyric acid (IBA). NaHCO<sub>3</sub> salt was added to the culture medium in three concentrations, i.e. 3.57, 20.0 and 59.0mM that increased pH to 6.2, 7.2 and 8.2, respectively. The increased salt concentration affected survival and growth parameters, subsequent cultures promoted them. The cultured biomass was analyzed for proline, protein, sugars and chlorophyll content. The results indicate an increase of proline, protein and sugars; however, they declined at higher concentrations of NaHCO<sub>3</sub>. A decrease of chlorophyll was observed at all stress regimes.

scholarly journals The problems of hazelnut microclonal propagation

2019 ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
V. Andriievsky ◽  
A. Vrublevsky ◽  
L. Filipova ◽  
V. Matskevych ◽  
O. Matskevych
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Aseptic Conditions ◽  
Diffused Light ◽  
Medium Type

The problem statement. Hazelnut is a valuable nut culture, which is quite profitable in economic way. A deterrent to an extensive cultivation of hazelnut in Ukraine is a low ratio of breeding in a conventional methods. The alternative to solving this problem may be the method of microclonal propagation, which is actively implemented in commercial purposes. The difficulties of hazelnut microclonal propagation exist on every stage of this technology: 1) introduction to aseptic conditions; 2) multiplication in vitro; 3) rhizogenesis induction; 4) postaseptic adaptation. The aim of the research. The article deals with problem aspects of hazelnut microclonal propagation and analyzes the ways of solving these problems based on the own research results. In particular, the influence of phenol emergence, culture medium, type, concentration and method of phytohormones application on root formation and proliferation are examined. Materials and methods. The research was held in a standart laboratory conditions. The object of research are hazelnut plants variaties such as Córylus Trapezund, Corylus avellana Syrena, Corylus colurna. It is established that rhizogenesis and proliferation processes are induced by trophic and hormone determinants. Results and discussion. Using the DKW culture medium is recommended to optimize the hazelnut micriclonal propagation process. I was found out that the use of activated carbon and explants transplantation on the early stages neutralizes phenol emergence. In order to resolve the difficulties of the phenol emergence the effectiveness of such points as cultivation of mother plans in the presence of diffused light in depositary condition, introduction of plant though by meristemas separation, buds awakening, the addition of PPM Plant Preservative Mixture biocide and polyvinylpyrolidone into the culture medium were established. At the multiplication stage 1.5 mg/l of benzylaminopurine is added into the culture medium. The influence of different concnetrations of activated carbon on rhizogenesis on the background of 3 mg/l of auxin indolebutyric acid was stidued. The activated carbon obscures the culture medium, adsorbes toxines, therefore it has an effective impact on root formation. Among the comparative concentration the optimal one is 2.5g/l of the medium. The possibility of using the greenhouse for postaceptic regenerants adaptation is shown. Conclusions. Processing plants and substrate with Previcur Energi improves their establishment and stimulates the growth. Key words: microclonal propagation, decontamination, phenol self-poisoning, phytohormones, rhizogenesis induction, postaseptic adaptation.

Follicle-stimulating hormone-dependent estrogen secretion by rat Sertoli cells in vitro: Modulation by calcium

1991 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Alan Talbot ◽  
Ann Lambert ◽  
Robert Mitchell ◽  
Marek Grabinski ◽  
David C. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Dibutyryl Camp ◽  
Immature Rat ◽  
Estradiol Secretion ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Abstract We have investigated the role of Ca2+ in the control of FSH-induced estradiol secretion by Sertoli cells isolated from 8-10 days old rats. Exogenous Ca2+ (4-8 mmol/1) inhibited FSH-stimulated E2 secretion such that, with 8 mmol/l Ca2+ and FSH (8 IU/l) E2 secretion decreased from 2091±322 to 1480±84 pmol/l (p<0.002), whilst chelation of Ca2+ in the culture medium with EGTA (3 mmol/l) increased E2 secretion from 360±45 to 1242±133 pmol/l) in the absence of FSH. Further, EGTA (3 mmol/l) markedly potentiated FSH (8 IU/l), forskolin (1 μmol/l) and dibutyryl cAMP (1 mmol/l)-stimulated E2 secretion. Addition of the Ca2+ ionophores, ionomycin (2-5 μmol/l) and A23187 (2 μmol/l), inhibited FSH (8 IU/l)-stimulated E2 secretion by >80%. The effect of ionomycin was totally reversible, whereas that of A23187 was irreversible. Ionomycin (5 μmol/l) had no effect on EGTA-induced E2 secretion in the absence of FSH, but reduced EGTA-provoked E2 secretion by 59% in the presence of FSH (8 IU/l). Similarly, forskolin- and dibutyryl cAMP-provoked E2 production was inhibited 46-50% by ionomycin (5 μmol/l). We conclude that FSH-induced E2 secretion from immature rat Sertoli cells is modulated by intra- and extracellular Ca2+.

Pulsatile GnRH secretion from primary cultures of sheep olfactory placode explants

Reproduction ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 391-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
AH Duittoz ◽  
M Batailler
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Pulsatile Secretion ◽  
Olfactory Placode ◽  
Gnrh Secretion ◽  
Individual Culture ◽  
Pulsatile Gnrh

The aim of this study was to investigate the development of pulsatile GnRH secretion by GnRH neurones in primary cultures of olfactory placodes from ovine embryos. Culture medium was collected every 10 min for 8 h to detect pulsatile secretion. In the first experiment, pulsatile secretion was studied in two different sets of cultures after 17 and 24 days in vitro. In the second experiment, a set of cultures was tested after 10, 17 and 24 days in vitro to investigate the development of pulsatile GnRH secretion in each individual culture. This study demonstrated that (i) primary cultures of GnRH neurones from olfactory explants secreted GnRH in a pulsatile manner and that the frequency and mean interpulse duration were similar to those reported in castrated ewes, and (ii) pulsatile secretion was not present at the beginning of the culture but was observed between 17 and 24 days in vitro, indicating the maturation of individual neurones and the development of their synchronization.

Reprogrammed M1 macrophages with inhibited STAT3, STAT6 and/or SMAD3 extends lifespan of mice with experimental carcinoma

2017 ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
С.В. Калиш ◽  
С.В. Лямина ◽  
А.А. Раецкая ◽  
И.Ю. Малышев
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Ehrlich Carcinoma ◽  
Macrophage Phenotype ◽  
M1 Macrophages ◽  
M1 Macrophage ◽  
Ec Cells ◽  
Experimental Carcinoma

Цель исследования. Репрограммирование М1 фенотипа макрофагов с ингибированными факторами транскрипции М2 фенотипа STAT3, STAТ6 и SMAD и оценка их влияния на развитие карциномы Эрлиха (КЭ) in vitro и in vivo. Методика. Рост опухоли иницировали in vitro путем добавления клеток КЭ в среду культивирования RPMI-1640 и in vivo путем внутрибрюшинной инъекции клеток КЭ мышам. Результаты. Установлено, что M1макрофаги и in vitro, и in vivo оказывают выраженный противоопухолевый эффект, который превосходит антиопухолевые эффекты М1, M1, M1 макрофагов и цисплатина. Заключение. М1 макрофаги с ингибированными STAT3, STAT6 и/или SMAD3 эффективно ограничивают рост опухоли. Полученные данные обосновывают разработку новой технологии противоопухолевой клеточной терапии. Objective. Reprogramming of M1 macrophage phenotype with inhibited M2 phenotype transcription factors, such as STAT3, STAT6 and SMAD and assess their impact on the development of Ehrlich carcinoma (EC) in vitro and in vivo . Methods. Tumor growth in vitro was initiated by addition of EC cells in RPMI-1640 culture medium and in vivo by intraperitoneal of EC cell injection into mice. Results. It was found that M1 macrophages have a pronounced anti-tumor effect in vitro , and in vivo , which was greater than anti-tumor effects of M1, M1, M1 macrophages and cisplatin. Conclusion. M1 macrophages with inhibited STAT3, STAT6 and/or SMAD3 effectively restrict tumor growth. The findings justify the development of new anti-tumor cell therapy technology.

Pertumbuhan Dan Perkembangan Anggrek Dendrobium anosmum Pada Media Kultur In Vitro Dengan Beberapa Konsentrasi Air Kelapa

Agrologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tuhuteru ◽  
Meity L Hehanussa ◽  
Simon H.T Raharjo
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Dendrobium anosmum is one of natural orchids in Indonesia. Optimization of medium composition for orchid propagation through in vitro culture is necessary to enhance propagule multiplication capabilities and quality. This study was aimed to study the influence of concentration of coconut water in culture medium on in vitro growth and development of D. anosmum orchid species and to determine the optimal coconut water concentration in culture media.  The experiment were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and eight replications. The treatments consisted of the addition of coconut water with concentrations: 0 ml•l -1 (control), 50 ml•l-1, 100 ml•l-1 and 150 ml•l-1. The results showed that addition of coconut water in culture medium gave different effect on shoot growth and multiplication of D. anosmum orchids.  Coconut water concentration of 100 ml•l-1 was the best concentration for growth and multiplication of D. anosmum orchids, based on both shoots and roots growth, plantlet height and wet weight.

Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from humans and animals into insulin-producing cells: An overview in vitro induction forms

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna O. S. Câmara ◽  
Bruno M. Bertassoli ◽  
Natália M. Ocarino ◽  
Rogéria Serakides
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Adipogenic Differentiation ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Insulin Producing Cells ◽  
Msc Differentiation

The use of stem cells in cell therapies has shown promising results in the treatment of several diseases, including diabetes mellitus, in both humans and animals. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be isolated from various locations, including bone marrow, adipose tissues, synovia, muscles, dental pulp, umbilical cords, and the placenta. In vitro, by manipulating the composition of the culture medium or transfection, MSCs can differentiate into several cell lineages, including insulin-producing cells (IPCs). Unlike osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation, for which the culture medium and time are similar between studies, studies involving the induction of MSC differentiation in IPCs differ greatly. This divergence is usually evident in relation to the differentiation technique used, the composition of the culture medium, the cultivation time, which can vary from a few hours to several months, and the number of steps to complete differentiation. However, although there is no “gold standard” differentiation medium composition, most prominent studies mention the use of nicotinamide, exedin-4, ß-mercaptoethanol, fibroblast growth factor b (FGFb), and glucose in the culture medium to promote the differentiation of MSCs into IPCs. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to investigate the stages of MSC differentiation into IPCs both in vivo and in vitro, as well as address differentiation techniques and molecular actions and mechanisms by which some substances, such as nicotinamide, exedin-4, ßmercaptoethanol, FGFb, and glucose, participate in the differentiation process.

scholarly journals Disulfide HMGB1 acts via TLR2/4 receptors to reduce the numbers of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells after traumatic injury in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ved ◽  
F. Sharouf ◽  
B. Harari ◽  
M. Muzaffar ◽  
S. Manivannan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Mature Oligodendrocyte ◽  
Oligodendrocyte Progenitor ◽  
Tlr Signalling

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with poor clinical outcomes; autopsy studies of TBI victims demonstrate significant oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) death post TBI; an observation, which may explain the lack of meaningful repair of injured axons. Whilst high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) and its key receptors TLR2/4 are identified as key initiators of neuroinflammation post-TBI, they have been identified as attractive targets for development of novel therapeutic approaches to improve post-TBI clinical outcomes. In this report we establish unequivocal evidence that HMGB1 released in vitro impairs OPC response to mechanical injury; an effect that is pharmacologically reversible. We show that needle scratch injury hyper-acutely induced microglial HMGB1 nucleus-to-cytoplasm translocation and subsequent release into culture medium. Application of injury-conditioned media resulted in significant decreases in OPC number through anti-proliferative effects. This effect was reversed by co-treatment with the TLR2/4 receptor antagonist BoxA. Furthermore, whilst injury conditioned medium drove OPCs towards an activated reactive morphology, this was also abolished after BoxA co-treatment. We conclude that HMGB1, through TLR2/4 dependant mechanisms, may be detrimental to OPC proliferation following injury in vitro, negatively affecting the potential for restoring a mature oligodendrocyte population, and subsequent axonal remyelination. Further study is required to assess how HMGB1-TLR signalling influences OPC maturation and myelination capacity.

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