scholarly journals Effects of cytokinins on antioxidant enzymes in in vitro grown shoots of Pelargonium hortorum L. H. Bayley

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Wojtania ◽  
Edyta Skrzypek
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Control Medium ◽  
Enzymes Activities ◽  
Aromatic Cytokinin ◽  
Leaf Yellowing ◽  
Subculture Period ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes Activities

<p>The aim of this study was to determine the influence of <em>meta</em>-topolin (<em>m</em>T) and 6-benzyl-aminopurine (BAP) on the hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) level and antioxidant enzymes activities in relation to the shoot formation and senescence process in <em>Pelargonium hortorum</em> cultivars, which differ in their susceptibility to leaf yellowing under <em>in vitro</em> conditions.</p><p>In an early senescing cultivar ‘Grand Prix’, the addition of an aromatic cytokinin <em>m</em>T to abscisic acid (ABA)-enriched Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium more efficiently inhibited leaf yellowing than BAP. In both genotypes, <em>meta</em>-topolin was also the most effective in shoot formation. It was found that <em>Pelargonium</em> species varying in their susceptibility to senescence differ in H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production and antioxidant enzymes activities. Generally, <em>meta</em>-topolin more effectively enhanced H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2 </sub>production and POD activity than BAP and control medium, but its effect depended on genotype. The highest H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production stimulated by <em>m</em>T was observed on day 5 of subculture in late senescing cv. ‘Bergpalais’. In both geranium genotypes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels were highest at the beginning of the subculture period, during the initiation of shoot formation. SOD showed the highest activity on day 5 of subculture on the medium without cytokinin and generally being higher in cv. ‘Bergpalais’ than in cv. ‘Grand Prix’. CAT activity was positively regulated by both cytokinins. POD activity was most effectively enhanced by <em>m</em>T, but on different days of subculture - on the 2<sup>nd</sup> day of subculture in cv. ‘Bergpalais’ and on the 22<sup>nd</sup> day of subculture in cv. ‘Grand Prix’. The enhanced activity of POD in the presence of <em>m</em>T, 4-fold higher than on control medium, at the end of subculture in <em>P. hortorum </em>‘Grand Prix’ coincided with the inhibition of leaf senescence.</p>

scholarly journals Copper-stress induced alterations in protein profile and antioxidant enzymes activities in the in vitro grown Withania somnifera L.

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti R. Rout ◽  
Shidharth S. Ram ◽  
Ritarani Das ◽  
Anindita Chakraborty ◽  
Mathummal Sudarshan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Copper Stress ◽  
Enzymes Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes Activities

EFFECTS OF COPPER ON ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES ACTIVITIES AND METALLOTHIONEIN CONCENTRATION OF BELLAMYA PURIFICATA

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 717-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing-Shun ZHANG ◽  
Jian-Jun HOU ◽  
Xiang-Jiang LIU ◽  
Jie-Xuan LUO ◽  
Bang-Xi XIONG
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Enzymes Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes Activities

scholarly journals The Effect of the Manure from Sheep Treated with Anthelmintics on Clover (Trifolium pratense)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1892
Author(s):  
Lenka Langhansová ◽  
Martina Navrátilová ◽  
Lenka Skálová ◽  
Kateřina Moťková ◽  
Radka Podlipná
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Temporary Increase ◽  
Enzymes Activities ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes Activities ◽  
Parasitic Worms ◽  
Uptake And Metabolism

The anthelmintics (regularly administered to livestock to control the infections caused by parasitic worms) and their metabolites formed in treated animals are excreted to the environment. This contamination might have a negative influence on non-target organisms including plants. Our previous studies described the uptake, metabolism, and effects of anthelmintics in plants using in vitro models exposed to anthelmintic drugs in solutions. The present study was performed in clover grown in soil fertilized with manure from sheep treated with the recommended dose of albendazole (ABZ), ivermectin (IVM), or monepantel (MOP). The uptake and metabolism of drugs in clover were monitored for six weeks using UHPLC-MS/MS, and several stress markers (proline accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzymes activities) were evaluated. The results showed that ABZ and MOP were absorbed, metabolized, and translocated to leaves, while IVM was detected only in the roots. No or minimal drug-response was observed in monitored stress markers, and only a temporary increase of several antioxidative enzymes activities was observed. Overall, manure from sheep treated with anthelmintics does not evoke chronic stress in clover, but it can cause the entry of anthelmintics in other organisms and the food-chain.

scholarly journals In vitro Regeneration of the Medicinal Plant, Plumbago zeylanica L. with Reference to a Unique Population in Maruthamalai, the Western Ghats, India

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Mallikadevi ◽  
P. Senthilkumar ◽  
S. Paulsamy
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Plumbago Zeylanica ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
The Western Ghats

The in vitro regeneration of Plubago zeylanica exhibited that the callus was initiated in the basal medium containing BAP, NAA, 2, 4-D, and IBA.  The high amount (90%) of organic calli was induced in the basal medium supplemented with 2, 4-D, alone at 2.0 mg/l. In the subculture the adventitious shoot formation was prominently higher (83%) in the basal medium containing BAP, and NAA at 3.5 and 0.3 mg/l, respectively. IAA (1.0 mg/l)effectively produced higher percen-tage (90) of roots and root growth. After sequential hardening, survivability rate was observed to be significantly higher (80%) in the hardening medium containing garden soil, sand and vermicompost in the ratio of 1 : 1 : 1 by volume under greenhouse condition.  Key words: Plumbago zeylanica, In vitro regeneration, Medicinal plant D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v18i2.3648 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 18(2): 173-179, 2008 (December)

scholarly journals Physiological Effect of Kinetin on the Photosynthetic Apparatus and Antioxidant Enzymes Activities During Production of Anthurium

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 182-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana B. de MOURA ◽  
Marcos R. da S. VIEIRA ◽  
Adriano do N. SIMÕES ◽  
Sérgio L. FERREIRA-SILVA ◽  
Carlos A.V. de SOUZA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Enzymes Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes Activities

scholarly journals Proanthocyanidins Alleviates AflatoxinB1-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis through Mitochondrial Pathway in the Bursa of Fabricius of Broilers

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahid Rajput ◽  
Cong Zhang ◽  
Yue Feng ◽  
Xiao Wei ◽  
Mahmoud Khalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Mitochondrial Pathway ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Enzymes Activities ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes Activities

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a serious threat to the poultry industry. Proanthocyanidins (PCs) demonstrates a broad range of biological, pharmacological, therapeutic, and chemoprotective properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the ameliorative effects of PCs against AFB1-induced histopathology, oxidative stress, and apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway in the bursa of Fabricius (BF) of broilers. One hundred forty-four one-day old Cobb chicks were randomly assigned into four treatment groups of six replicates (6 birds each replicate) for 28 days. Groups were fed on the following four diets; (1) Basal diet without addition of PCs or AFB1 (Control); (2) basal diet supplemented with 1 mg/kg AFB1 from contaminated corn (AFB1); (3) basal diet supplemented with 250 mg/kg PCs (PCs); and (4) basal diet supplemented with 1 mg/kg AFB1 + 250 mg/kg PCs (AFB1+ PCs). The present study results showed that antioxidant enzymes activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in AFB1 treated group were (p < 0.05) decreased, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were significantly increased in comparison with the control group. Furthermore, we found that dietary PCs treatment ameliorated AFB1-induced oxidative stress in the BF through inhibiting the accumulation of MDA content and enhancing the antioxidant enzymes activities (T-SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, and GST). Similarly, PCs markedly enhanced messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of antioxidant genes (SOD, CAT, GPx1, and GST) in comparison with AFB1 group. Moreover, histological results showed that PCs alleviated AFB1-induced apoptotic cells in the BF of broilers. In addition, both mRNA and protein expression results manifested that mitochondrial-apoptosis-associated genes (Bax, caspase-9, caspase-3, and p53 and cytochrome c) showed up-regulation, while (Bcl-2) showed down-regulation in AFB1 fed group. The supplementation of PCs to AFB1 diet significantly reversed the mRNA and protein expression of these apoptosis-associated genes, as compared to the AFB1 group. Our results demonstrated that PCs ameliorated AFB1-induced oxidative stress by modulating the antioxidant defense system and apoptosis in the BF through mitochondrial pathway in broilers.

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