scholarly journals Consolida regalis Gray seed production as influenced by the habitat and crop plant in the western Podlasie region

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Skrajna ◽  
Maria Ługowska ◽  
Janina Skrzyczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Crop Plant ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Soil Complex ◽  
Inflorescence Structure

Studies were conducted in 2007–2009 in the Western Podlasie region to examine the seed production potential of <em>Consolida</em><em> </em><em>regalis</em><em> </em>under different habitat conditions. <em>Consolida</em><em> </em><em>regalis</em><em> </em>populations from 15 sites representing the habitat amplitude of this species were examined. Thirty morphologically different plants were sampled from each habitat and soil samples were taken to determine soil contents of available phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) as well as pH. The results were statistically analysed. The seed production potential of the species studied was most strongly correlated with soil contents of magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), phosphorus (P) and soil pH. By contrast, the kind of crop plant and its cover were insignificant. Of the plant characteristics, plant height and traits associated with inflorescence structure had a significant influence on seed production potential. The populations with the greatest seed production potential produced an average of 1287 and 965 se- eds per plant. These populations were associated with the most fertile sites (good wheat soil complex) where the differences in seed production potential resulted from the nutrient contents and soil pH. By contrast, the least seeds were produced by plants growing on poor and acidic light soils. The average seed number per plant ranged from 42 to 83. Low concentrations of the nutrients examined were determined, with the soil content of magnesium being very low.

scholarly journals Characteristic Microbiomes Correlate with Polyphosphate Accumulation of Marine Sponges in South China Sea Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Huilong Ou ◽  
Mingyu Li ◽  
Shufei Wu ◽  
Linli Jia ◽  
Russell T. Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Mantel Tests ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Enrichment Rate ◽  
Total Dna ◽  
Polyphosphate Accumulation ◽  
Sequence Similarities

Some sponges have been shown to accumulate abundant phosphorus in the form of polyphosphate (polyP) granules even in waters where phosphorus is present at low concentrations. But the polyP accumulation occurring in sponges and their symbiotic bacteria have been little studied. The amounts of polyP exhibited significant differences in twelve sponges from marine environments with high or low dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) concentrations which were quantified by spectral analysis, even though in the same sponge genus, e.g., Mycale sp. or Callyspongia sp. PolyP enrichment rates of sponges in oligotrophic environments were far higher than those in eutrophic environments. Massive polyP granules were observed under confocal microscopy in samples from very low DIP environments. The composition of sponge symbiotic microbes was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing and the corresponding polyphosphate kinase (ppk) genes were detected. Sequence analysis revealed that in the low DIP environment, those sponges with higher polyP content and enrichment rates had relatively higher abundances of cyanobacteria. Mantel tests and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) examined that the polyP enrichment rate was most strongly correlated with the structure of microbial communities, including genera Synechococcus, Rhodopirellula, Blastopirellula, and Rubripirellula. About 50% of ppk genes obtained from the total DNA of sponge holobionts, had above 80% amino acid sequence similarities to those sequences from Synechococcus. In general, it suggested that sponges employed differentiated strategies towards the use of phosphorus in different nutrient environments and the symbiotic Synechococcus could play a key role in accumulating polyP.

scholarly journals Improvement of Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) Soil Properties by Growing Different Green Crops

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashim Kumar Saha ◽  
Apu Biswas ◽  
Abdul Qayyum Khan ◽  
Md. Mohashin Farazi ◽  
Md. Habibur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Organic Carbon Content

Long-term tea cultivation has led to degradation of the soil. Old tea soils require rehabilitation for restoring soil health. Soil rehabilitation by growing different green crops can break the chain of monoculture of tea. An experiment was conducted at The Bangladesh Tea Research Institute (BTRI) Farm during 2008-2011 to find out the efficiency of different green crops on the improvement of soil properties. Four green crops such as Guatemala, Citronella, Mimosa and Calopogonium were grown to develop the nutritional value of the degraded tea soil. Soil samples were collected and analyzed before and at the end of experiment. Soil pH was increased in all four green crops treated plots with the highest increase in Citronella treated plots (from 4.1 to 4.5). Highest content of organic carbon (1.19%) and total nitrogen (0.119%) were found in Mimosa and Calopogonium treated plots, respectively. Concentration of available phosphorus, calcium and magnesium in all green crops treated plots were above the critical values, while available potassium content was above the critical value in Guatemala, Citronella and Mimosa treated plots. Changes in soil pH and available potassium were significant, while changes in organic carbon content, total nitrogen and available calcium were insignificant. Changes in available phosphorus and magnesium were significant. The Agriculturists 2014; 12(2) 34-38

scholarly journals Liming Effects of Sawdust Ash and Lime on Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Yield in Acidic Soil of Southeastern Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
C. V. Ogbenna ◽  
V. E. Osodeke
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Acidic Soil ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Head Weight

Aim: A pot experiment was carried out to determine the effect of sawdust ash and lime (Ca(OH)2) on soil characteristics and yield of sunflower in acidic soil of southeastern Nigeria. Study Design: The experiment was laid out in split-plot design, using sawdust ash (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 t ha-1) as the sub plot and lime (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 t ha-1) as the main plot. Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted outdoors at Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria, during the 2010 planting season. Materials and Methods: Treatment combinations were applied to the 60 buckets containing soil, mixed thoroughly and watered adequately. After 1 week of treatment application, two sunflower seeds were planted and later thinned to one seedling per bucket. Plant growth and yield data were collected. Pre planting and post-harvest soil samples were collected and analyzed for soil properties. Results: Results showed that with the exception of organic carbon there was significant effect of treatments on all soil chemical properties. Lime and sawdust ash (SDA) as single and combined treatments significantly increased total nitrogen (P=0.05), available phosphorus (P<0.010), and base saturation (P<0.012). The interaction between SDA and lime significantly (P=0.05) increased total exchangeable bases and effective cation exchange capacity, while soil pH was significantly increased (P=0.05) by single applications. The increases in soil chemical properties led to significant positive response of the sunflower. With the exception of number of leaves, other plant parameters (Plant height, stem diameter, head weight, 50 seed weight, head diameter) had significant increases for sawdust ash alone at P=0.05. Correlation studies showed positive significant relationship between soil pH and sunflower yield. Conclusion: The study showed that sunflower performed best at the combination of 3 tha-1 SDA and 1.5 t ha-1 lime producing a mean head weight of 45.4 g.

scholarly journals Displacement of lead from polluted top soil by treatment with HCl or FeCl₃.

1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-199
Author(s):  
M. Hooghiemstra-Tielbeek ◽  
M.G. Keizer ◽  
F.A.M. de Haan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Lysimeter Experiment ◽  
Top Soil

In batch, column and lysimeter experiments the addition of HCl or FeCl3 to a soil heavily polluted with lead markedly reduced the soil pH and resulted in the dissolution of lead. The amount of lead dissolved from the soil was strongly correlated with the pH of the system: at pH 2.5, 45-65% of the total lead in the soil was extracted in batch experiments. In the lysimeter experiment 77% and 66% of the total lead was displaced from the 0-10 cm soil layer by HCl and FeCl3, respectively. The displaced lead was fixed in the 10-30 cm soil layer. No lead was detected in the effluent. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals IMPACT OF AGRO-ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS ON SOIL EROSION PROCESSES AND SOIL PROPERTIES ON HILLY LANDSCAPE IN WESTERN LITHUANIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gintaras JARAŠIŪNAS ◽  
Irena KINDERIENĖ
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of different land use systems on soil erosion rates, surface evolution processes and physico-chemical properties on a moraine hilly topography in Lithuania. The soil of the experimental site is Bathihypogleyi – Eutric Albeluvisols (abe–gld–w) whose texture is a sandy loam. After a 27-year use of different land conservation systems, three critical slope segments (slightly eroded, active erosion and accumulation) were formed. Soil physical properties of the soil texture and particle sizes distribution were examined. Chemical properties analysed for were soil ph, available phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (N). We estimated the variation in thickness of the soil Ap horizon and soil physico-chemical properties prone to a sustained erosion process. During the study period (2010–2012) water erosion occurred under the grain– grass and grass–grain crop rotations, at rates of 1.38 and 0.11 m3 ha–1 yr–1, respectively. Soil exhumed due to erosion from elevated positions accumulated in the slope bottom. As a result, topographic transfiguration of hills and changes in soil properties occurred. However, the accumulation segments of slopes had significantly higher silt/clay ratios and SOC content. In the active erosion segments a lighter soil texture and lower soil ph were recorded. Only long-term grassland completely stopped soil erosion effects; therefore geomorphologic change and degradation of hills was estimated there as minimal.

scholarly journals Effects of season, altitude and daylength on floral initiation of two contrasting genotypes of Trifolium repens L.

1986 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Von Sury ◽  
J. Nösberger
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Low Latitude ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Trifolium Repens L ◽  
Growth Chambers ◽  
Main Factors

SUMMARYThe effects of season and altitude on floral initiation of two Trifolium repena L. cultivars, Haifa and California Ladino, were tested in the area of Ayacucho, Peru (2730 m, 13° S), with regard to their seed production potential. Specific effects of daylength at a constant temperature (20 °C) were examined in growth chambers.In Ayacucho, the proportion of inflorescence-bearing nodes was found to be lowest between December and June (Haifa 10–20%, Ladino 0–10%) and highest in August (Haifa 30%) and September–October (Ladino 15%). Late in the cool season, floral initiation of Ladino, but not that of Haifa, increased strongly at a high altitude (3250 m). In growth chambers, Haifa initiated few inflorescences and Ladino none in a 10 h daylength. In 16 h, the floral initiation of Haifa was very limited but Ladino formed many inflorescences. Floral initiation of Haifa was most pronounced and lasted longest after a daylength shift from 10 to 13 h.It is concluded that seasonal and altitudinal variations in low temperature were the main factors influencing floral initiation in the region of Ayacucho. Haifa is considered to be an intermediate-day plant, suited for seed production in the region because of its marked and early flowering. Ladino was classified as a quantitative longday plant, unsuitable for seed production at this low latitude because of its retarded floral response to low temperature.

Seed Production of Wiregrass in Central Florida Following Growing-Season Prescribed Burns

1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
KW Outcalt
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Pinus Palustris ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Prescribed Burns ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Major Species ◽  
Burned Site ◽  
June July

Wiregrass (Aristida stricta Michx.) is a major species in the long leaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) sandhills areas of central Florida, providing a major portion of the fuel for the recurring ground fires necessary to maintain the community. Growing season burning promotes flower and seed production. The objective of this study was to assess the seed production potential of wiregrass following prescribed burns from May through August. Four longleaf wiregrass sites were prescribed burned, one each in May, June, July, and August. Information on bunch size, bunch density, seed stalk density, seed density, and seed germination were collected. The four sites differed significantly in the density of wiregrass bunches, average bunch size, wiregrass cover and seed viability. The density of seed stalks was fairly consistent across sites. Viable seed production was lowest on the June burned site and highest on the July burned site. The study shows good quantities of seed are comparatively easy to produce with growing season bums.

Lotus uliginosus (greater lotus) breeding line LUX97: a high seed producing, low condensed tannin population

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Kelman ◽  
M. J. Blumenthal ◽  
J. W. O'Connor ◽  
P. A. Borchard
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Plant Industry ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Lotus Uliginosus

A Lotus uliginosus polycross population (LUX97) was developed from high seed producing Portuguese accessions and locally adapted New Zealand germplasms. Two cycles of selection for early flowering and low condensed tannin content were successful in producing a population with lower condensed tannin content than the Portuguese parents, while maintaining high seed production potential. Seed of this population will be stored at the CSIRO Plant Industry, Canberra.

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