scholarly journals Flowering biology of three taxa of the genus Scilla L. (Hyacinthaceae) and flower visitation by pollinating insects

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Beata Żuraw
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Solitary Bees ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Flower Visitation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Scilla Sibirica ◽  
Pollinating Insects ◽  
Honey Bee Foragers

Squill of the family Hyacinthaceae is a small bulb perennial. The present study on flowering and pollination of <i>Scilla sibirica</i> Andr., <i>S. sibirica</i> 'Alba', and <i>S. bifolia</i> L. was conducted in the years 1995, 1997, and 1999 in the Botanical Garden of the Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin. The plants flowered from the end of March until the middle of May. The duration of flowering of individual taxa was similar and it averaged 20 days (<i>Scilla sibirica</i>), 21 days (<i>S. sibirica</i> 'Alba'), and 23 days (<i>S. bifolia</i>). The opening of flower buds always started around 9.00 am and lasted, depending on the taxon, until 3.00 pm (<i>Scilla sibirica</i> 'Alba'), 4.00 pm (<i>S. bifolia</i>), and 5.00 pm (<i>S. sibirica</i>). The flowers were visited by bees (Apoidea), primarily the honey bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i> L.), bumblebee (<i>Bombus</i> L.), and solitary bees. Numerous honey bee foragers were observed; they bit through the anther walls and even attempted to open still closed flower buds in order to reach the pollen.

scholarly journals Study of the efficiency of creeping clover pollination (Trifolium repens L.) by honey bees (Apis mellifera L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 03024
Author(s):  
V.N. Zolotarev
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pollinating Insects ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Allogamous Species ◽  
Bee Colonies

The creeping clover (Trifolium repens L.) is a natural allotetraploid allogamous species and is characterized by an entomophilic xenogamous pollination method. One of the reasons for the low yield of clover seeds is the insufficient provision of its flowering grass stands with pollinating insects. The main pollinators are representatives of the order of hymenoptera insects (Himenoptera) from the family of true bees (Apidae) – the honey bee Apis mellifera L. and various species of bumblebees (Bombus). Studies have shown that in the conditions of the Central Non-Chernozem region of Russia, the role of bumblebees in the pollination of creeping clover did not exceed 12-13%. In the presence of bumblebees in different growing seasons in the amount of 30-80 to 110-170 indivi-duals/ha during the mass flowering of creeping clover, they -ensured the formation of seed yields of no more than 90 kg/ha. It is established that honey bees perform up to 87-88% of clover pollination. The highest collections of creeping clover seeds are formed at the flight density of bees of 18-21 thousand individuals per hectare. This makes it possible to form a biological clover yield over 720 kg/ha. To ensure such a rich flight of bees, it is necessary to have at least 2-3 strong bee colonies on clover crops.

scholarly journals Beelouse, Braula coeca Nitzsch (Insecta: Diptera: Braulidae)

EDIS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 2004 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard V. Weems, Jr. ◽  
Malcolm T. Sanford
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Cooperative Extension ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
The Family ◽  
Agricultural Sciences

The beelouse, Braula coeca Nitzsch 1818, is a tiny commensalate wingless fly found in colonies of the honey bee, Apis mellifera Linnaeus, where it lives on the bodies of the bees and literally steals its food out of the mouth of its host. The beelouse is in the family Braulidae, comprising two genera, Braula and Megabraula, contains eight species (see Papp 1984f; Huttinger 1980; Grimaldi and Underwood 1986). This document is EENY-171 (originally published as DPI Entomology Circular 252), one of the Featured Creatures series of the Entomology and Nematology Department, Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published: November 2000.  https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in328

scholarly journals Impact of entomopathogenic nematodes on Africanized honey bees Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) workers

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 3441-3448
Author(s):  
Gabriela Libardoni ◽  
◽  
Raiza Abati ◽  
Amanda Roberta Sampaio ◽  
Fernanda Caroline Colombo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Africanized Honey Bees ◽  
Africanized Honey Bee ◽  
Pollinating Insects ◽  
The Impact

Africanized honey bee populations (Apis mellifera L.) have been decreasing mainly due to the intense use of synthetic insecticides associated with pollution and climate change. To minimize these impacts on the environment and bee populations, the use of biological control agents has been intensified. These products are generally safer for non-target insects, such as bees, which are important pollinating insects. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of entomopathogenic nematodes on the longevity of the Africanized honey bee A. mellifera workers. Seven treatments were used: Heterorhabditis amazonensis, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Heterorhabditis indica, Steinernema carpocapsae, Steinernema feltiae, and Steinernema rarum, at a concentration of 40 infective juveniles per cm2 (IJs/cm²), and a control in which autoclaved distilled water was used. Two bioassays were performed: 1) spraying nematodes on the workers and 2) spraying nematodes on glass plates, in which the bees remained for two hours. Each treatment consisted of five replicates with 20 bees each. Bees were kept in cages of PVC (20 × 10 cm) covered with a voile fabric and provided pieces of cotton soaked in water and Candy paste. The cages were kept in a climatized room (27 ± 2 °C temperature, 60 ± 10% relative humidity, and 12 h photophase) and the mortality was evaluated from 12 to 240 hours. In bioassay 1, the three treatments with nematodes of the genus Steinernema reduced the longevity of the workers (103.9, 96.3, and 99.6 h) when compared to treatments with Heterorhabditis (149.7, 126.8, and 134.7 h), of which, only H. amazonensis (149.7 h) did not differ from the control (166.0 h). In bioassay 2, all treatments reduced the longevity of honey bees (155.4 to 93.9 h) in relation to the control (176.1 h). Entomopathogenic nematodes, especially Heterorhabditis, need to be tested using other methodologies and for different durations of exposure and application because in the laboratory, they were less selective to A. mellifera.

scholarly journals Exploration of various flours as pollen substitutes for Apis mellifera L. during Dearth period at Tarai region of Uttarakhand, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 812-815
Author(s):  
Usha Usha ◽  
Poonam Srivastava ◽  
Vimla Goswami ◽  
M. S. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Soybean Flour ◽  
Maize Flour ◽  
Pesticide Exposures ◽  
Honey Bee Foragers ◽  
Bee Colonies

Studies on evaluation of various flours as pollen substitutes and availability of pollen resources for Apis mellifera honey bees were conducted at Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, India during 2010. Four flours were taken viz. Soybean, Maize, Wheat and Gram as pollen substitutes for A. mellifera. All the flours were mixed with honey and water to make a total of 4 treatments (4 flours + honey + water). Treatment T1 (Soybean flour + honey + water) were found to be best in reference to visitation of bees with a mean number of 32.59 honey bee foragers /5min/day and weight loss in flours was 19.12 g due to foraging by bees followed by the treatment T3 (Maize flour + honey + water) and T2 (Wheat flour + honey + water) were found 29.30 and 23.05, respectively. Gram flour + honey + water (T4) combination were found to be least preferred pollen substitute for A. mellifera (19.76 honey bee foragers/5min/day) with a weight loss 6.66 g. The overall study has great significance for bee keepers. The use of pollen substitute is important for growth and development of the bee colonies not only in dearth periods but also at other times (during foraging, pollination process and to overcome pesticide exposures.). From the present findings it can be concluded that although bees have accepted and grew on all the diets.

scholarly journals The influence of the family-educator on the economic, biological and ethological characteristics of the queen honey bee (Apis mellifera)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Aleksandr R. Bykov
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Foster Families ◽  
Phenotype Variability ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Future ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Selection Of

This paper discusses the change in the economic, biological and ethological characteristics of the uterus of the honeybee under the influence of the teachers family. This issue is currently of concern to many breeders, as it has not been fully studied. It is the phenotype variability that is the determining component of selection. The method of evaluating the uterus by their key features, which are an integral part of the selection, is described. These key features are peace, loyalty, honey productivity and perseverance on the frame. The author considers the possibility of using non-tribal families (families taken without analysis and selection) as a family-educator, as it most often happens in uterine apiaries. The results show the differences between the groups of mother-sisters from different families-educators. From these results it is clearly seen that different breeds of bee colonies make changes in the useful economic characteristics of the queens, according to their pedigree characteristics. Such changes are unacceptable in this case, and therefore deserve attention. An analysis is made of exactly how the qualitative signs of the uterus change and what is most often worth paying attention to. A more thorough selection of foster families according to their pedigree characteristics is proposed. After all, the future of breeding depends on the quality selection of families-educators, maternal and father families.

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