scholarly journals Airborne birch pollen in Poland and Latvia in the light of data obtained from aerobiological monitoring and tauber traps in relation to mean air temperature

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena A. Pidek ◽  
Katarzyna Piotrowska ◽  
Bogusław M. Kaszewski ◽  
Laimdota Kalnina ◽  
Elżbieta Weryszko-Chmielewska
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Birch Pollen ◽  
Pollen Deposition ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Pollen Monitoring ◽  
Pollen Emission ◽  
Se Poland ◽  
Pollen Seasons

Birch pollen contains allergens belonging to those with the strongest allergenic properties. In order to trace pollen season patterns of this taxon and pollen annual sums at a wider regional scale, cooperation was established with the University of Latvia in Riga (Latvia). A comparison of the results obtained in the years 2003-2008 in Lublin and in Riga, using volumetric samplers, shows that there was a similar trend in the abundance of birch pollen. The highest sums were noted at both sites in 2003. In all the study years, more birch pollen grains were recorded in Lublin than in Riga, on the average by 7110. The birch pollen seasons started earlier in Lublin than in Riga, on the average by 6 days, and they ended earlier in Lublin, on the average by 18 days. In Riga the birch pollen seasons were longer and less abundant than in Lublin. In addition, in both the regions, i.e. in SE Poland (the Roztocze area) and in Latvia (the area of Marupe near Riga, Taurene, Teici and Rucava), there is pollen data series available obtained from annual pollen deposition monitoring conducted using the modified Tauber traps. These pollen counts have been carried out under the Pollen Monitoring Programme (http://pmp.oulu.fi) since 1998. The 11- year data series in Roztocze and the 10-year data series in Latvia allowed the trends in the occurrence of years of abundant or poor birch pollen release to be traced. In Roztocze maximum Betula pollen deposition occurred in the year 2003, in Latvia - in 1999. The absence of a significant correlation between SE Poland and Latvia with regard to the trends in the occurrence of years of abundant <i>Betula</i> pollen deposition induced the authors to seek climatic factors responsible for increased birch pollen production. The analysis of the Spearman's rank correlation coefficients between annual <i>Betula</i> pollen sums in Roztocze and mean air temperature in June, July and August in the year preceding pollen emission as well as in spring (January-April) of the year of pollen emission showed a statistically significant negative correlation with air temperature in February of the year of pollen emission.

scholarly journals Nine-year record of Alnus pollen deposition in the Roztocze region (SE Poland) with relation to vegetation data

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena A. Pidek
Keyword(s):  
Ground Level ◽  
Pollen Deposition ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Pollen Monitoring ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Vegetation Control ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Se Poland ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
Distance Transport

Pollen deposition of alder has been measured at ground level by means of nine modifi ed Tauber traps in different plant communities according to rules of the Pollen Monitoring Programme (http://pmp.oulu.fi ). The series of data covers the period 1998-2006. The area under investigation is situated in the Roztocze (surroundings of the Guciów village) within the protective zone of the Roztocze National Park. During nine years of monitoring, significant variations were observed between single years of deposition. The occurrence of peak years (1998, 2001, 2003 and 2006) connected with higher production of <i>Alnus</i> pollen was observed at many pollen monitoring sites, but its relationship with different proportions of alder within the surrounding vegetation seems rather weak. The average value of annual pollen deposition of <i>Alnus</i> for the whole region was calculated at ca. 1370 grains &#8226; cm<sup>-2</sup>. At the sites situated within the open landscape, pollen influx values ranged from 442 (in 2005) to 6894 (in 1998). It seems that other factors than the proportion of alder within the vegetation control the deposition of <i>Alnus</i> pollen. Long-distance transport and meteorological factors such as wind speed and direction should be taken into account in future studies.

scholarly journals Annual pollen sums of alnus in Lublin and Roztocze in the years 2001-2007 against selected meteorological parameters

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogusław M. Kaszewski ◽  
Irena A. Pidek ◽  
Krystyna Piotrowska ◽  
Elżbieta Weryszko-Chmielewska
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Pollen Deposition ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Total Precipitation ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Pollen Emission ◽  
Pollen Concentrations ◽  
June July

Alder (<i>Alnus</i> Mill.), as an anemophilous species, produces large quantities of easily dispersed pollen. Annual pollen sums recorded in south-eastern Poland (by the volumetric method - Lanzoni trap) and in the area of the village of Guciów in the Central Roztocze region (pollen deposition in Tauber traps) were compared. The height at which the respective trap sites were located as well as local and regional vegetation and the distance from the nearest alder communities differ in both cases, likewise, the climate of these two regions differ. The analysed pollen data series cover the years 1998-2007 in Roztocze and 2001-2007 in Lublin. Large differences have been noted in <i>Alnus</i> pollen deposition values between particular years. Among them, there were observed years of very high annual sums (2001, 2003, 2006), as well as years of very low pollen deposition values in both regions (2002, 2005, 2007). In the period in question, the mean value of annual <i>Alnus</i> pollen count for Lublin was 5372 alder pollen grains in m<sup>3</sup> of air, and in Roztocze 1647 grains per cm<sup>2</sup> of area. During the seven-year period of monitoring (2001-2007), very similar trends were noted with respect to airborne alder pollen concentrations at both trap sites. Pollen data have been analysed against meteorological factors affecting alder pollen production and deposition. These are total precipitation and mean monthly air temperature in June, July and August in the year preceding pollen emission and the same weather elements in January and February in the year of pollen emission. In Roztocze a statistically significant negative correlation has been found between <i>Alnus</i> pollen annual sums and total precipitation in August in the year preceding alder pollen emission and in February in the year of pollen emission. In both regions, the Spearman's correlation coefficient does not show any statistically significant values when comparing annual <i>Alnus</i> pollen sums with mean monthly temperatures of both January and February and summer months in the year preceding alder pollen emission.

scholarly journals Contributions of Climatic Factors to Interannual Variability of the Vegetation Index in Northern China Grasslands

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Zhongmin Hu ◽  
Qun Guo ◽  
Genan Wu ◽  
Ruru Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Temperate Grasslands ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Vegetation Activities

AbstractUnderstanding the atmosphere–land surface interaction is crucial for clarifying the responses and feedbacks of terrestrial ecosystems to climate change. However, quantifying the effects of multiple climatic factors to vegetation activities is challenging. Using the geographical detector model (GDM), this study quantifies the relative contributions of climatic factors including precipitation, relative humidity, solar radiation, and air temperature to the interannual variation (IAV) of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in the northern grasslands of China during 2000 to 2016. The results show heterogeneous spatial patterns of determinant climatic factors on the IAV of NDVI. Precipitation and relative humidity jointly controlled the IAV of NDVI, illustrating more explanatory power than solar radiation and air temperature, and accounting for higher proportion of area as the determinant factor in the study region. It is noteworthy that relative humidity, a proxy of atmospheric aridity, is as important as precipitation for the IAV of NDVI. The contribution of climatic factors to the IAV of NDVI varied by vegetation type. Owing to the stronger explanatory power of climatic factors on NDVI variability in temperate grasslands, we conclude that climate variability may exert more influence on temperate grasslands than on alpine grasslands. Our study highlights the importance of the role of atmospheric aridity to vegetation activities in grasslands. We suggest focusing more on the differences between vegetation types when addressing the climate–vegetation relationships at a regional scale.

scholarly journals Variations in birch (Betula spp.) pollen seasons in Lublin and correlations with meteorological factors in the period 2001-2010. A preliminary study

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna Piotrowska ◽  
Bogusław M. Kaszewski
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Season ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Birch Pollen ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Pollen Monitoring ◽  
Pollen Seasons

In Poland birch belongs to the most important taxa producing allergenic pollen, therefore information on the start dates, duration and severity of the pollen season is very important for allergists and their patients as well as for climatologists. Birch pollen monitoring was conducted in Lublin using the volumetric method during the period 2001-2010. A Lanzoni VPPS 2000 trap was placed at a height of 18 m in the city centre. The pollen season was determined using three methods: 98%, 95%, and 90%. The present study also investigated correlations between the birch pollen season parameters and meteorological factors. A comparison of the above-mentioned methods shows that, in the conditions prevailing in Lublin, the most appropriate method to determine the birch pollen season is the 98% method, since in the case of the two other methods too large quantities of pollen grains are eliminated. Based on a comparative analysis of the meteorological data from the study period and the long-term averages, it can be concluded that in the recent years a clear increase in air temperature has been recorded in Lublin. The study found a statistically significant negative correlation of seasonal pollen concentration with rainfall and air humidity. When the pre-peak and post-peak periods were separated, these correlations were larger and related to different meteorological factors. The start of the pollen season was negatively correlated with temperature in February and March. The season duration depended on temperature (a positive correlation). The date of the seasonal maximum was positively correlated with seasonal temperature and negatively with temperature in April.

scholarly journals Response of seasonal soil freeze depth to climate change across China

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqing Peng ◽  
Oliver W. Frauenfeld ◽  
Tingjun Zhang ◽  
Kang Wang ◽  
Bin Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Snow Depth ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Hydrological Process ◽  
Soil Temperatures

Abstract. Abstract. The response of seasonal soil freeze depth to climate change has repercussions for the surface energy and water balance, ecosystems, the carbon cycle, and soil nutrient exchange. In this study, we use data from 845 meteorological stations to investigate the response of variations in soil freeze depth to climate change across China. Observations include daily air temperature, daily soil temperatures at various depths, mean monthly gridded air temperature, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. Results show that soil freeze depth decreased significantly at a rate of −0.18 cm/year, resulting in a net decrease of 8.05 cm over 1967–2012 across China. On the regional scale, soil freeze depth decreases varied between 0.0 and 0.4 cm/year in most parts of China from 1950 to 2009. Combining climatic and non-climatic factors with soil freeze depth, we conclude that air temperature increases are responsible for the decrease in soil seasonal freeze depth during this period. Changes in snow depth and vegetation are negatively correlated with soil freeze depth. These results are important for understanding the soil freeze/thaw dynamics and the impacts of soil freeze depth on ecosystem and hydrological process.

scholarly journals The effect of meteorological factors on the start of the grass pollen season in Lublin in the years 2001-2004

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna Piotrowska
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Grass Pollen ◽  
Pollen Season ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Volumetric Method ◽  
Pollen Monitoring ◽  
Grass Pollen Season ◽  
Pollen Seasons ◽  
Maximum Air Temperature

Grasses' pollen produces allergens, which are the main cause of pollinosis in Poland and in many countries of Europe. In Poland the beginning of season falls in different days of May. Pollen monitoring was carried out in Lublin by volumetric method in years 2001-2004 by means of Lanzoni VPPS 2000 trap. Start of grass pollen season was marked by methods 98 % and ∑ 75 as well as by the Clot's method. Differences between them ranged from 1 to 7 days. The most approximate deadlines of beginning of pollen season were qualified according to methods 98 % and the Clot's one, except year 2002. It was defined the pollen season in Lublin begins between 5. and 21. of May. In that study impact of meteorological factors on the beginning dates of pollen seasons was estimated. It was stated statistically positive, essential correlation among the beginning of season and the daily mean, the minimum and maximum air temperature.

Interval of days required for determining efficient relations between climatic factors and cotton flower and boll production

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakaria M Sawan ◽  
Louis I Hanna ◽  
Willis L McCuistion
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Surface Soil Temperature

The cotton plant (Gossypium spp.) is sensitive to numerous environmental factors. This study was aimed at predicting effects of climatic factors grouped into convenient intervals (in days) on cotton flower and boll production compared with daily observations. Two uniformity field trials using the cotton (G. barbadense L.) cv. Giza 75 were conducted in 1992 and 1993 at the Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt. Randomly chosen plants were used to record daily numbers of flowers and bolls during the reproductive stage (60 days). During this period, daily air temperature, temperature magnitude, evaporation, surface soil temperature, sunshine duration, humidity, and wind speed were recorded. Data, grouped into intervals of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 10 d, were correlated with cotton production variables using regression analysis. Evaporation was found to be the most important climatic variable affecting flower and boll production, followed by humidity and sunshine duration. The least important variables were surface soil temperature at 0600 and minimum air temperature. The 5-d interval was found to provide the best correlation with yield parameters. Applying appropriate cultural practices that minimize the deleterious effects of evaporation and humidity could lead to an important improvement in cotton yield in Egypt. Key words: Cotton, flower production, boll production, boll retention

scholarly journals EMPOL 1.0: a new parameterization of pollen emission in numerical weather prediction models

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1961-1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Zink ◽  
A. Pauling ◽  
M. W. Rotach ◽  
H. Vogel ◽  
P. Kaufmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Weather Prediction ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Birch Pollen ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pollen Emission ◽  
Numerical Weather ◽  
Pollen Concentrations ◽  
Scale Modelling ◽  
Reactive Trace Gases

Abstract. Simulating pollen concentrations with numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems requires a parameterization for pollen emission. We have developed a parameterization that is adaptable for different plant species. Both biological and physical processes of pollen emission are taken into account by parameterizing emission as a two-step process: (1) the release of the pollen from the flowers, and (2) their entrainment into the atmosphere. Key factors influencing emission are temperature, relative humidity, the turbulent kinetic energy and precipitation. We have simulated the birch pollen season of 2012 using the NWP system COSMO-ART (Consortium for Small-scale Modelling – Aerosols and Reactive Trace Gases), both with a parameterization already present in the model and with our new parameterization EMPOL. The statistical results show that the performance of the model can be enhanced by using EMPOL.

scholarly journals Dominant climatic factors driving annual runoff changes at the catchment scale across China

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 2573-2587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongwei Huang ◽  
Hanbo Yang ◽  
Dawen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Net Radiation ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. With global climate changes intensifying, the hydrological response to climate changes has attracted more attention. It is beneficial not only for hydrology and ecology but also for water resource planning and management to understand the impact of climate change on runoff. In addition, there are large spatial variations in climate type and geographic characteristics across China. To gain a better understanding of the spatial variation of the response of runoff to changes in climatic factors and to detect the dominant climatic factors driving changes in annual runoff, we chose the climate elasticity method proposed by Yang and Yang (2011). It is shown that, in most catchments of China, increasing air temperature and relative humidity have negative impacts on runoff, while declining net radiation and wind speed have positive impacts on runoff, which slow the overall decline in runoff. The dominant climatic factors driving annual runoff are precipitation in most parts of China, net radiation mainly in some catchments of southern China, air temperature and wind speed mainly in some catchments in northern China.

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