scholarly journals The biological value of pollen of some blackcurrantcultivars (Ribes nigrum L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bożena Denisow
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Ribes Nigrum ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
High Viability ◽  
Germination Ability

The studies were carried out in 1994-1997. The experimental bushes were grown in Puławy. Eight cultivars were examined ('Ben Alder', 'Ben Lomond', 'Ben Nevis', 'Ben Tirran', 'Ceres', 'Ojebyn', 'Titania', 'Triton'). Pollen grains viability was estimated in acetocarmine slides, while germination ability was estimated on agar medium. All cultivars showed high viability (80-100%). Weather conditions (especially temperatures at the time of blooming) had significant influence on germination ability. In colder years, only 10-40% of pollen produced pollen tubes, while in warmer years 50-80%. The biological value of blackcurrant pollen grains can be more effectively estimated on the basis of their ability to form pollen tubes than their viability.

scholarly journals Notes on the self-pollination in Dendrobium biflorum (Orchidales, Dendrobiinae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka K. Kowalkowska ◽  
Hanna B. Margońska
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Society Islands ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Germination Of Pollen ◽  
First Time

The conditions favouring self-pollination are determined for a species of <em>Dendrobium </em>Sw. A survey of gynostemium micro­morphology in collected flowers of <em>Dendrobium biflorum </em>revealed two stages of a unique form of autogamy: on germination of pollen tetrads, pollen tubes reached the stigmatic region without the pollen being displaced from the anther locules. This is the first time for this type of autogamy to be reported in <em>Dendrobium biflorum</em>. Pollen grains germinated directly from the locules, bypassing the stigma or falling or sliding down onto the stigmatic surface. The pollen tubes were long and reached the stylar canal. On The Society Islands, differences in exposure of the habitats to weather conditions and altitude gradients influence both composition and form of the vegetation, as well as the occurrence of pollinators. The form of autogamy described here may be the usual method of pollination found on The Society Islands (and even the whole of French Polynesia), where suitable pollinators are absent and/or growth conditions stressful.

scholarly journals Reproductive capabilities of representatives of the genus Hosta Tratt. when introduced in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-68
Author(s):  
L. L. Sedelnikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
High Viability ◽  
First Time

In the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia, a comparative study of seed productivity, flowering features, fruit and seed morphology, pollen fertilization ability was conducted for the first time in representatives of the Hosta Tratt genus: H. decorata, H. sieboldiana, H. lancifolia, H. albomarginata, H. crispula, H. kikutii, H. montana, H. rectifolia, H. undulata and varieties Golden Tiara, Night before Christmas, and Stiletto. It is noted that the reproductive potential and fertility of pollen in 9 species and 3 varieties of host have intraspecific and varietal specificity and are associated with seasonal weather conditions. The results of free pollination of the host were studied. It was found that fruit formation within a single generative shoot is heterogeneous, with the exception of the species H. decorata. The coefficient of productivity of species is 16—93%, varieties 12.5—36.4%. Morphometric indicators of length of generative shoots, fruits and seeds are presented. It is shown that the fruit is a freely opening loculicidal tricuspid capsule. Seeds are linear to oval in shape. It was revealed that with high viability of pollen grains (46—82.6%) in H. albomarginata, H. rectifolia, H. sieboldiana, the productivity coefficient is 2—3.8 times lower than in H. decorata. The flowers are characterized by geitonogamy with the phenomenon of peterandre, chasmogamous pollination and flowering in acropetal direction. H. decorata has a high adaptive advantage of seed productivity. The studied species and varieties consistently pass all the phenophases of development and are characterized by vitality. The growing season from spring growth to fruiting in Novosibirsk is 98—112 days. The reproductive capabilities of the host during introduction in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia are realized partly due to seed reproduction and are distinguished by species and variability.

scholarly journals ОСОБЕННОСТИ РАЗВИТИЯ МУЖСКОГО ГАМЕТОФИТА СОСНЫ ОБЫКНОВЕННОЙ PINUS SILVESTRIS L. В УСЛОВИЯХ ГОРОДСКОЙ СРЕДЫ

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 390-408
Author(s):  
L.P. Khlebova ◽  
O.V. Bychkova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Male Gametophyte ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Biological Indicator ◽  
Histochemical Staining ◽  
Pinus Silvestris ◽  
Germinated Pollen

<p>The peculiarities of the development of the male gametophyte of Pinus silvestris L. in the urban environment were studied. Quality of pollen was evaluated by laboratory experiments through germination at the nutrient medium and by histochemical staining to determine the presence of redox enzymes. It was shown that pollen viability is closely linked to climatic and weather conditions during the period of microsporogenesis and mass pollination. Atmospheric pollution affected the pollen significantly. Low temperatures and high humidity in the background of the weak capacity of self-purification of the atmosphere led to a reduction of the potential pollen viability. The ability of the pollen grains to germinate was reduced, the number of abnormal pollen tubes was increased, and the proportion of cells containing active peroxidase was decreased. We revealed a close positive correlation between the frequency of germinated pollen grains and the presence of active peroxidase, as well as a negative correlation between the percentage of colored pollen and the frequency of pollen tube anomalies, which confirmed the role of peroxidase activity not only in the induction of pollen germination, but also the formation of pollen tubes.<br />A ranking of the urban territory on the strength of unfavorable environmental factors has been carried out. The reaction of male gametophyte of pine allowed us to consider it as a biological indicator of unfavorable ecological situation in the urban environment.</p>

scholarly journals Pollination and pollen germination in common juniper (Juniperus communis: Cupressaceae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 162-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Surso
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
External Agents ◽  
Amino Acids Composition

Pollination and fertilization are the most important and responsible stages in sexual reproduction of coniferous plants. The period of high concentrations of juniper pollen in overhead during pollination period is no more than 4–6 hours and within one calendar day. This dependence remains invariable from year to year, and does not depend neither from weather conditions, nor the peculiarities of the place where juniper grows. Influence of external agents on dynamics of exudation of a juniper pollination droplet is studied. The duration of exudation and volume of secretory liquid exuded by tissues of ovules during the period of prescription in the juniper depend from presence of external agents on a surface of pollination droplet, their sizes and physical and chemical properties. The pollination droplet chemical compound is studied. In sugars composition of juniper pollination droplet there are only two monosaccharides: glucose and galactose. the amino acids composition is prevailed by arginine, aspartic and glutamic acids. The results of the studies confirm complex chemical composition and multifunctionality of juniper pollination droplet. The pollination mechanism of juniper is effective and selective. The morphological structure of pollen grains of juniper predetermines the processes of pollen germination at early stages. The hydrophilic capsule, formed pollen hydration, promotes to exine rupture and shedding. This capsule remains until the fertilization. The distal tip of pollen tube remains in itduring all time of its growth. In culture in vitro development of pollen tubes of juniper proceeds non-uniformly. At definition of juniper pollen viability it is necessary to consider a stage of pollen tubes development.

Immunolocalization of H+-ATPases in the plasma membrane of pollen grains and pollen tubes ofLilium longiflorum

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 171 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Obermeyer ◽  
M. L�tzelschwab ◽  
H. -G. Heumann ◽  
M. H. Weisenseel
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Pollen Tubes

A natural intergeneric hybrid of Gesneriaceae from Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 497 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-96
Author(s):  
ANDRÉA ONOFRE DE ARAUJO ◽  
MAURO PEIXOTO ◽  
CINTIA NEVES DE SOUZA ◽  
EDUARDO CUSTÓDIO GASPARINO ◽  
JULIANA TOLEDO FARIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrid ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Natural Hybrid ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Cytological Data ◽  
High Viability ◽  
Structural Abnormalities

A natural hybrid between Goyazia and Mandirola (Gloxiniinae, Gesneriaceae) from Cerrado (Brazil) is here described, supported by pollen morphology, cytological data and morphological characters. The microsporogenesis of Mandirola hirsuta and that of the hybrid were analyzed in order to evaluate the cytogenetic characteristics. The haploid chromosome numbers observed were n = 12 for M. hirsuta and n = 11, 13, 16 and 26 for the hybrid. Structural abnormalities (monads, dyads, triads and micronuclei) were observed at the final of the hybrid’s meiosis. High viability rates of the pollen were recorded for Goyazia and Mandirola (>90%) and low viability for the hybrid (34.7%). The pollen grains were acetolyzed, measured and photographed for pollen morphology analysis. Quantitative pollen data were analyzed through descriptive and multivariate statistics. The hybrid has intermediate pollen characteristics between G. petraea and M. hirsuta; it is more related to G. petraea by the measures of diameters and ectoapertures; it is more similar to M. hirsuta mainly regarding the microreticulum on the mesocolpium region. The hybrid and Mandirola share vegetative and flower size, while the colors of the hybrid are similar to Goyazia. Pollen morphology, cytological data and morphological characters brought clear evidence for the recognition of the intergeneric hybrid, which we named as Goydirola x punctata.

scholarly journals Prunus necrotic ringspot virus Early Invasion and Its Effects on Apricot Pollen Grain Performance

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 892-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Amari ◽  
Lorenzo Burgos ◽  
Vicente Pallas ◽  
María Amelia Sanchez-Pina
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Generative Cell ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Growth Zone ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
Prunus Necrotic Ringspot Virus

The route of infection and the pattern of distribution of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) in apricot pollen were studied. PNRSV was detected both within and on the surface of infected pollen grains. The virus invaded pollen during its early developmental stages, being detected in pollen mother cells. It was distributed uniformly within the cytoplasm of uni- and bicellular pollen grains and infected the generative cell. In mature pollen grains, characterized by their triangular shape, the virus was located mainly at the apertures, suggesting that PNRSV distribution follows the same pattern as the cellular components required for pollen tube germination and cell wall tube synthesis. PNRSV also was localized inside pollen tubes, especially in the growth zone. In vitro experiments demonstrated that infection with PNRSV decreases the germination percentage of pollen grains by more than half and delays the growth of pollen tubes by ≈24 h. However, although PNRSV infection affected apricot pollen grain performance during germination, the presence of the virus did not completely prevent fertilization, because the infected apricot pollen tubes, once germinated, were able to reach the apricot embryo sacs, which, in the climatic conditions of southeastern Spain, mature later than in other climates. Thus, infected pollen still could play an important role in the vertical transmission of PNRSV in apricot.

scholarly journals Pollen tube incompatibility reaction on the stigma in selfpollinated Sinapis alba L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Śnieżko ◽  
Krystyna Winiarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Sinapis Alba ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Sinapis Alba L ◽  
Growth Changes ◽  
Incompatibility Reaction

After selfpollination of <em>Sinapis alba</em> L. pollen tubes growth is inhibited on the stigma. The pollen grains germinate 3-4 hours after pollination. The pollen give rise to one or more pollen tubes. They grow along the papillae. In the place of contact between the papilla and pollen tube the pellicula is digested. Then the direction of pollen tube growth changes completely. Pollen tubes grow back on the exine of their own pollen grain, or turn into the air. The pollen tubes growth was inhibited in 6-8 hours after selfpollination. After crosspollination usually there is no incompatibility reaction.

scholarly journals Biology of Flowering, Fruit and Viability of Pollen of Varieties and Forms of Quince Cultivated on the Territory of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
L. Bayramov
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Glucose Solution ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Germinated Pollen ◽  
Autonomous Republic

Abstract. The zones of distribution of varieties and forms of quince on the territory of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic have been established, phenological observations have been carried out, their flowering and fruiting have been studied. On the territory of the Autonomous Republic, flowering of varieties and forms of quince begins in the second decade of April, depending on the distribution zone, with an average daily temperature of 12–13 °C and lasts 12–13 days, depending on weather conditions. Each flower has 10–12 stamens arranged in one row. The article also studied the viability of pollen in a number of quince varieties. Pollen viability was studied in the varieties Sary, Tursh, Ordubad, Gara and wild forms. Pollen fertility was determined by staining with acetocarmine. Pollen germinates in 2–5–10–15 and 20% glucose solution. Counting of germinated pollen grains was carried out under a microscope. The study showed that of all the experimental varieties, the pollen fertility of the Sary quince and Tursh quince varieties is high (up to 96.6–97.1%). The best medium for the germination of quince pollen is a 10–15% glucose solution. Pollen germination in this solution reaches 47.4–88.0%. In distilled water (control), the germination of quince pollen reached from 9.7% to 35.6% for varieties. Quince pollen remains viable for 31–43 days.

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