scholarly journals Influence of fungicide protection on health status and yielding of winter wheat

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Wyczling ◽  
Dariusz Pańka ◽  
Leszek Lenc ◽  
Czesław Sadowski
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Mycosphaerella Graminicola ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Fungicide Treatment ◽  
High Occurrence ◽  
Necrotic Spots

The aim of the study was the effect of different chemical protection of winter wheat on occurrence of fungal diseases of stem base, leaves and yield as well. In 1999-2001 cultivars Roma and Kobra were tested in Lisewo and Wielgłowy in northern Poland. There was one fungicide treatment with kresoxim-methyl and epoxyconazole during phase 39-49 and two treatments, first with kresoxim-methyl + epoxyconazole in phase 32 and the second with tridemorf + epoxyconazole in phase 51-55. In 2002-2004 the experiment was continued in Wielgłowy on cultivar Kobra with protection combinations as follows: first treatment with kresoxim-methyl + epoxyconazole in phase 39-49, and the next ones with tridemorf + epoxyconazole or dimoksystrobine + epoxyconazole in phase 51-55. The highest infection was observed on cv. Kobra. Among pathogens isolated from infected stem bases, <i>Fusarium</i> spp. predominated, while <i>Rhizoctonia</i> spp. and <i>Mollisia yallundae</i> were less numerous. Powdery mildew was observed in relatively low or trace intensity, but complex of necrotic spots on leaves was noticed in high intensity. High occurrence of <i>Mycosphaerella graminicola</i>, <i>Phaeosphaeoria nodorum</i> and <i>Pyrenophora tritici</i>-<i>repentis</i> as well as <i>Fusarium</i> spp. was observed. Fungicide treatments were very effective in reducing occurrence of the investigated pathogens. The area of upper leaves without disease symptoms (GLA) was significantly higher in combinations with fungicides.

scholarly journals Reactions of winter wheat to Mycosphaerella graminicola (anamorph Septoria tritici)

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Lubomir Věchet ◽  
Eliška Sychrová
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Mycosphaerella Graminicola ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
High Occurrence ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Clear Plastic ◽  
Leaf Segments ◽  
Seedling Leaf

Reaction of six winter wheat cultivars and lines (Vlasta, Šárka, Charger, 00ST022, SG-U8044C a SG-U2113B) to <i>Mycosphaerella graminicola</i> isolate BR-331 and UH-05 on leaf segments of the detached second seedling leaf of cultivars placed on water agar with bezimidazole in clear plastic box were tested. The isolate BR-331 produced high occurrence of the disease in the cultivar Šárka, middle occurrence (the percentage covered by lesions bearing pycnidia) in the cultivar Vlasta and SG-U8044C and low occurrence in the line 00ST0022. The isolate UH-105 produced high occurrence in the cultivar 00ST022 and middle occurrence in the cultivar Vlasta. The cultivar Charger was resistant. The cultivar Šárka was attacked at least. Results show on different virulence of <i>M. graminicola</i> isolates to wheat cultivars.

scholarly journals Identification of barley accessions from the VIR collection carrying the mlo11(cnv2) powdery mildew resistance allele

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
R. A. Abdullaev ◽  
N. V. Alpatieva ◽  
T. V. Lebedeva ◽  
O. N. Kovaleva ◽  
E. E. Radchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Promoter Sequences ◽  
Allele Variant ◽  
Russian Plant ◽  
Necrotic Spots ◽  
First Time

Background. The search for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes that carry effective genes for resistance to powdery mildew agent Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei is a present-day issue for Russian plant breeding. The mlo11 allele that confers long-term protection of barley against the pathogen is rarely found among the varieties, approved for cultivation in the territory of Russia. There is no information on the occurrence among Russian varieties of another effective allele, mlo11 (cnv2), therefore, the search for its source is a current necessity. Materials and methods. Seven barley accessions from Ethiopia and 7 accessions from Japan have been tested for resistance to the northwestern population of the powdery mildew agent in the field and in laboratory conditions. To identify of the Mlo gene alleles, nucleotide sequences of the Stowaway-MITE (Miniature Inverted-repeat Transposable Elements) and the adjacent promoter fragments were determined. Results. Phytopathological tests in the field and greenhouse conditions, as well as molecular markers were used to study 14 barley accessions from Ethiopia and Japan. According to the preliminary tests, plants were resistant to powdery mildew. The highly effective allele of powdery mildew resistance mlo11 (cnv2) was for the first time identified in four barley accessions from Ethiopia, k-20087, k-20523, k-20524 and k-28126. Under field conditions, adult plants were resistant, and in the greenhouse they were moderately damaged by powdery mildew (1-2 points). The disease symptoms were similar to those described for the sample Eth295, a carrier of the mlo11(cnv2) allele variant: single pustules and the absence of necrotic spots on the leaves. The fragments of Stowaway-MITE and adjacent Mlo 5' promoter sequences were amplified in all 14 accessions. The amplicons were cloned and sequenced. The unique marker SNPs within the MITE and Mlo 5’ promoter sequences, i.e. the substitutions of cytosine by thymine in positions 262 and 452, were found only in k-20087, k-20523, k-20524 and k-28126. These accessions belong to different botanical varieties and differ from each other in a number of morphological features, i.e. they are not duplicates. Conclusions. The genotypes selected as a result of the study can serve as a source of the mlo11(cnv2) allele in breeding powdery mildew-resistant barley varieties.

scholarly journals Occurrence of fungal diseases on angelica (Archangelica officinalis Hoffm.) in the region of Małopolska

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-150
Author(s):  
Stanisław Mazur ◽  
Agnieszka Szczeponek
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Mucor Hiemalis ◽  
Cercospora Leaf Spot ◽  
Saprotrophic Fungi ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Angelica Archangelica ◽  
Different Sources

The field experiment on angelica (<i>Archangelica officinalis</i> Hoffm.) was carried out in the years 2001-2002 at the plantations situated in Małopolska (Mydlniki near Kraków and Królówka near Bochnia). The results of two years' investigations pointed out, that angelica plants during vegetation were infested by many pathogens. The most often noticed on the plants were angelica rust (<i>Puccinia anglicae</i>), powdery mildew (<i>Erysiphe umbelliferarum</i>) and Cercospora leaf spot (<i>Cercospora</i> sp.). Moreover, many various types of disease symptoms, which were described and made a diagnosis. There were mainly spots on leaves and steams, from which there were isolated most often fungi from <i>Alternaria</i> genus. The investigations on the salubrity of the seed material (angelica fruits) coming from different sources showed that fungi from genus <i>Alternaria</i> were likely to transfer by seeds and caused disease symptoms on plants during vegetation. Fungi from genus <i>Alternaria</i> were most often isolated from angelica fruits. Saprotrophic fungi (<i>Epicoccum purpurascens</i>, <i>Penicillium</i> spp., <i>Mucor hiemalis</i>) were also often isolated from angelica fruits. Disinfection on fruits reduced number of isolated fungi and bacteria.

Impact of the estimated doses of mineral fertilizers on the infestation mildew, pyrenophora and yield of winter wheat varieties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.Y. Ozheredova ◽  
◽  
A. N. Esaulko ◽  
L.A. Mikhno ◽  
A.P. Shutko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Leached Chernozem ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The article presents materials on the influence of calculated doses of mineral fertilizers on the incidence of powdery mildew, pyrenophorosis and yield of winter wheat varieties cultivated on leached Chernozem for 2016-2018.

Effect of precursors, fertilizers and soil cultivation on the phytosanitary condition of winter wheat crops in the zone of the Left Bank Forest-Steppe

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (92) ◽  
pp. 100-108
Author(s):  
T.S. Vinnichuk ◽  
L.M. Parminskaya ◽  
N.M. Gavrilyuk
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
No Till ◽  
Harmful Organisms

In the article the research the results of studies of the phytosanitary state of winter wheat sowing with three soil treatments - plowing (22-24 cm), shallow (10-12 cm) and zero (no - till) with various doses of fertilizers: N56 Р16 К16 , N110-130 Р90 К110 and N145-165 Р135 К150 , without fertilizers (control) for the two predecessors - soybean and rapeseed. The influence of these methods on the development and prevalence of powdery mildew, septoriosis of leaves, root rot of winter wheat, the most common pests in the area of research - cereal flies, wheat thrips and grain sawflies. The identified measures to limit the development and spread of harmful organisms above.

scholarly journals Content of trans-resveratrol in leaves and berries of interspecific grapevine (Vitis sp.) varieties

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S13-S17 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Bábíková ◽  
N. Vrchotová ◽  
J. Tříska ◽  
M. Kyseláková
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Plasmopara Viticola ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Uncinula Necator ◽  
Botryotinia Fuckeliana

The aim of this project was to study changes in the content of <i>trans</i>-resveratrol in berries and leaves of grapevine (<i>Vitis</i> sp.) infested by fungal diseases, especially by <i>Botryotinia fuckeliana</i> Whetzel, called as grey mildew, <i>Plasmopara viticola</i> (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Berl & De Toni, called downy mildew and <i>Uncinula necator</i> (Schw.) Burr, called powdery mildew. In our experiments two white and two blue varieties were used. Contents of <i>trans</i>-resveratrol were determined in healthy and infested leaves and in healthy berries. Infested leaves of white varieties contained more <i>trans</i>-resveratrol than those of blue varieties. The content of <i>trans</i>-resveratrol in berries was lower than that in leaves.

Spectral characterization of fungal diseases downy mildew, powdery mildew, black-foot and Petri disease on Vitis vinifera leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (15) ◽  
pp. 5680-5697
Author(s):  
Pâmela A. Pithan ◽  
Jorge R. Ducati ◽  
Lucas R. Garrido ◽  
Diniz C. Arruda ◽  
Adriane B. Thum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Spectral Characterization ◽  
Petri Disease ◽  
Black Foot

scholarly journals Early Detection of Fungal Diseases in Winter Wheat by Multi-optical Sensors

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 199-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxuan Wang ◽  
Shamaila Zia ◽  
Sebastian Owusu-Adu ◽  
Roland Gerhards ◽  
Joachim Müller
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Fungal Diseases
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