scholarly journals Zbiorowiska mikroorganizmów w glebie spod leśnej uprawy żeń-szenia amerykańskiego

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-188
Author(s):  
Alina Pastucha ◽  
Barbara Kołodziej
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
American Ginseng ◽  
Panax Quinquefolium ◽  
Pythium Irregulare ◽  
Protection Method ◽  
Average Total Number ◽  
Microbiological Analyses ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

The investigations were carried out in 2003-2004 on American ginseng (<i>Panax quinquefolium</i> L.) plantation localised in the mixed forest in Trzciniec (Lubelski province). The object of the study was the soil from ginseng culture protected by the biological and chemical method. In the experiment there was also control plot - without any protection during plants vegetation. There were also analysed the infected roots of ginseng plants. Microbiological analyses showed that soil from control plots was characterised by the smallest average total number of bacteria. In 1 g of dry weight of soil after Polyversum application there was stated the highest number of bacterial colonies from <i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas</i> genus. The highest number of fungal colonies was obtained in 1 g of dry weight of soil on the control plots. The highest number of saprophytic fungi (including those with antagonistic character) was obtained from the soil where the biological plant protection was applied. Generally, independently of a plant protection method, American ginseng plants were affected by <i>Alternaria alternata</i>, <i>Cylindrocarpon</i> spp., <i>Fusarium</i> spp., <i>Pythium irregulare</i> and <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>.

scholarly journals Ginsenoside and phenolic compounds in hydromethanolic extracts of American ginseng cell cultures and their antioxidant properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Kochan ◽  
Grażyna Szymańska ◽  
Izabela Grzegorczy-Karolak ◽  
Piotr Szymczyk ◽  
Monika Sienkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Suspension Culture ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
American Ginseng ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Panax Quinquefolium ◽  
Callus Line ◽  
Antioxidant Power

The present study was performed to investigate the antioxidant properties of callus and suspension culture extracts of <em>Panax quinquefolium</em> (American ginseng). The ginsenoside content and the total phenolic content (TPC) in these cultures were also examined. The total amount of the nine studied saponins was found to be 2.08, 1.69, and 0.202 mg g<sup>−1</sup> dry weight in red callus line (RCL), green callus line (GCL), and suspension cultures, respectively, by HPLC analysis. The TPC was estimated using the Folin–Ciocalteu method. The TPC of the suspension culture extracts was approximately 36.7% and 17.6% higher than that of the RCL and GCL, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated using the in vitro ABTS [2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)] and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) assays; the methanolic <em>P. quinquefolium</em> suspension culture extracts demonstrated stronger antioxidant activity than that of the callus cultures.

scholarly journals Effect of Water Stress on Ginsenoside Production and Growth of American Ginseng

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wansang Lim ◽  
Kenneth W. Mudge ◽  
Jin Wook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
American Ginseng ◽  
Panax Quinquefolium ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Stress Treatment ◽  
And Storage

We determined the effect of moderate water stress on the growth of american ginseng (Panax quinquefolium), and on concentrations of six major ginsenosides (Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, and Rd). Two-year-old “rootlets” (dormant rhizome and storage root) were cultivated in pots, in a cool greenhouse (18.3 ± 2 °C). Pots were watered either every 5 days (control) or every 10 days (stress), repeatedly for 8 days. Soil volumetric water content was measured during the last 10 days of the experiment for both treatments. Leaf water potential, measured on the last day of the experiment, was -0.43 MPa for the control and -0.83 MPa for the stress treatment. Drought stress did not affect above-ground shoot or root dry weight. Initial rootlet fresh weight (covariate) had a significant effect on the concentration of ginsenosides Re, Rb1, Rc, and Rb2. Drought stress increased the concentration of ginsenosides Re, Rb1, and total ginsenoside concentration.

scholarly journals The effect of irrigation and foliar fertilization on the colonization of american ginseng (Panax quinquefolium l.) diseased parts by different micro-organisms

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-188
Author(s):  
Alina Pastucha ◽  
Barbara Kołodziej
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
American Ginseng ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Panax Quinquefolium ◽  
Pythium Irregulare ◽  
Foliar Fertilization ◽  
Micro Organisms

Field studies on the health of American ginseng cultivated in the Lublin district on poor sandy soil were conducted in the years 2004-2006. The studies involved treatment combinations with irrigation and without irrigation as well as foliar fertilization with Alkalin PK and Resistim of American ginseng plants. Mycological analysis was made of diseased ginseng parts with the aim of determining the quantitative and qualitative composition of fungi-like organisms and fungi threatening the cultivation of this plant. Fungi from the genera of <i>Cylindrocarpon</i>, <i>Fusarium</i> and the following species <i>Alternaria alternata</i>, <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>, <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i>, as well as fungi-like organisms: <i>Pythium irregulare</i> and <i>Phytophthora</i> sp., were isolated from the infected parts of ginseng. The smallest number of fungi was isolated from the plants growing on the plots without irrigation and those where foliar application with Alkalin PK was applied.

scholarly journals Gypsum Effect on Performance of American Ginseng

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 860B-860
Author(s):  
Jin Wook Lee* ◽  
Kenneth W. Mudge ◽  
Wansang Lim ◽  
Joseph Lardner
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
American Ginseng ◽  
Panax Quinquefolium ◽  
Soil Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Soil Calcium ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
Supplemental Calcium ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

Woods cultivation of North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) can generate income for forest land owners and decrease collection pressure on wild populations of this increasingly scarce forest herb. For woods cultivation, supplemental calcium by soil application of gypsum (CaSO4 2H2 O) is often recommended, but the effects of this practice on soil characteristics, plant growth and quality of American ginseng are not well characterized. In a greenhouse pot culture experiment, 3-year-old seedlings were treated with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 Mt/ha gypsum and grown for 12 weeks. Gypsum application decreased soil pH slightly and elevated soil electrical conductivity and available soil calcium. Tissue levels of calcium were not affected by gypsum treatment but a significant increase in both shoot and root dry weight occurred. Total ginsenosides, which are the pharmacologically active components of ginseng, were increased slightly in roots but not in shoots of plants treated with 4 Mt/ha gypsum. Rb1, the most abundant ginsenoside in roots, was elevated in roots of plants treated with 3 Mt/ha gypsum. Ginsenoside Rg1 was elevated in shoots of plants treated with 2 Mt/ha gypsum. Regardless of gypsum treatment, qualitative differences (relative concentrations of different ginsenosides) between roots and shoots were observed.

scholarly journals Pseudoginsenoside F11, a Novel Partial PPARγAgonist, Promotes Adiponectin Oligomerization and Secretion in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

PPAR Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoyu Wu ◽  
Junyang Yi ◽  
Ling Liu ◽  
Pengcheng Wang ◽  
Zhijie Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Adipocyte Differentiation ◽  
American Ginseng ◽  
Nuclear Hormone Receptor ◽  
Targeted Therapeutics ◽  
Panax Quinquefolium ◽  
Master Regulator

PPARγis a nuclear hormone receptor that functions as a master regulator of adipocyte differentiation and development. Full PPARγagonists, such as the thiazolidinediones (TZDs), have been widely used to treat type 2 diabetes. However, they are characterized by undesirable side effects due to their strong agonist activities. Pseudoginsenoside F11 (p-F11) is an ocotillol-type ginsenoside isolated fromPanax quinquefolium L.(American ginseng). In this study, we found that p-F11 activates PPARγwith modest adipogenic activity. In addition, p-F11 promotes adiponectin oligomerization and secretion in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We also found that p-F11 inhibits obesity-linked phosphorylation of PPARγat Ser-273 by Cdk5. Therefore, p-F11 is a novel partial PPARγagonist, which might have the potential to be developed as a new PPARγ-targeted therapeutics for type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Essential Oil Headspace Volatiles Prevent Invasive Box Tree Moth (Cydalima perspectalis) Oviposition—Insights from Electrophysiology and Behaviour

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Magdolna Olívia Szelényi ◽  
Anna Laura Erdei ◽  
Júlia Katalin Jósvai ◽  
Dalma Radványi ◽  
Bence Sümegi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Headspace Volatiles ◽  
Cinnamon Oil ◽  
Protection Method ◽  
Oviposition Bioassay ◽  
Physiologically Active Compounds

The box tree moth (Cydalima perspectalis Walker) is an invasive species in Europe causing severe damage both in natural and ornamental boxwood (Buxus spp.) vegetation. Pest management tactics are often based on the use of chemical insecticides, whereas environmentally-friendly control solutions are not available against this insect. The application of essential oils may provide effective protection against oviposition and subsequent larval damage. Oviposition deterrence of cinnamon, eucalyptus and lavender essential oils was tested on female C. perspectalis in behavioural bioassays. Our results indicate that all the studied essential oils may be adequate deterrents; however, cinnamon oil exhibited the strongest effect. To determine the physiologically active compounds in the headspace of the essential oils, gas chromatography coupled with electroantennography recordings were performed in parallel with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to identify the volatile constituents. In addition, the release rates of various components from vial-wick dispensers were measured during the oviposition bioassay. These results may serve as a basis for the development of a practical and insecticide-free plant protection method against this invasive moth species.

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