scholarly journals The stubble-field plant communities in South-Eastern Poland. P. IV. Plant communities of the Nanocyperion flavescentis alliance

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 171-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Czesława Trąba
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Field Plant ◽  
Different Soils

In the years 1972-1975, between August and September, on lowlands and on the area elevated to 500 m over the sea level, 85 phytosociological records were taken. On the wet stubble-field of the tested area two associations of tiny plants, belonging to the alliance <i>Nanocyperion flavescentis</i>, were specified. They were the following: I. <i>Hyperico-Spergularietum rubrae</i> and II. <i>Centunculo-Anthocerotetum</i>. I. The <i>Hyperico-Spergularietum</i> community occurred only on lowlands, on the sand and silt soils belonging to rye complexes. It was divided into two variants: with <i>Illecebrum verticillatum</i> and the typical one. II. The <i>Centunculo-Anthocerotettum</i> was met as well on lowlands, as on highland agricultural utility compelxes. The highland form of the community, differentiated into two variants: with <i>Hypericum humifusum</i> and the typical one, occurred in the mountain wheatland complex, on brown silt soils. The lowland form of the community in a typical variant was found on different soils and complexes (1, 2, 4, 5, 8).

scholarly journals The stubble-field plant communities in South-Eastern Poland. P. III. Plant communities of mountain agricultural utility complexes

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 137-169
Author(s):  
Czesława Trąba
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Alluvial Soils ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
Field Plant ◽  
Setaria Glauca

In the Part I and II the stubble-field plant communities of lowlands agricultural utility complexes in South-Eastern Poland were introduced. The Part III contains a description of such communities occurring in mountain complexes. In the years 1972-1975, since August till September, 95 phytosociological records were taken on the area elevated from 300 to 650 m over the sea level, embracing the Carpathian Foreland and the Low Carpathian region. The research was conducted upon the typical, acid and leached brown soils, as well as on clay, dusty clay and silt alluvial soils belonging to three mountain complexes: wheat, cereal and oat-potatoes. The following communities were specified: I. <i>Setaria glauca</i> community, divided into two variants: 1) typical; 2) with <i>Aphanes arvensis</i>; II. <i>Veronica persica</i> community, divided into four variants: 1) with <i>Aphanes arvensis</i>, 2) typical, 3) with <i>Geranium dissectum</i>, 4) with <i>Aethusa cynapium</i>. The variant with <i>Geranium dissectum</i>, belonging to the community with <i>Veronica persica</i>, was considered as having the most mountain character.

scholarly journals Stubble field plant communities of the Mazowiecki Landscape Park

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-205
Author(s):  
Teresa Skrajna ◽  
Maria Ługowska
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
The South ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Field Plant

The characteristics of communities found in unploughed stubble fields of the Mazowiecki Landscape Park and its agricultural buffer zone are presented in the paper. The association <i>Echinochloo-Setarietum</i> divided into a typical variant, the variant with <i>Galinsoga parviflora</i>, and the variant with <i>Bidens tripartite</i>, was the most frequently noted and floristically differentiated association. Patches of <i>Digitarietum ischaemi</i> were also frequently observed in stubble fields on the poorest habitats. Rarely, on fertile soils, small patches of floristically rich communities with <i>Veronica agrestis</i> were recorded. Periodically, excessively wet habitats were seldom occupied by the speciesrichest phytocoenoses of <i>Centunculo-Anthoceretum punctati</i>. Single patches of the community with <i>Setaria pumila</i>, the form with <i>Aphanes arvensis</i>, were observed only in the south-eastern part of the Park.

scholarly journals The stubble-field plant communities on lowland complexes in South-Eastern Poland. P. II. Plant communities of the Eu-Polygono-Chenopodion alliance

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 113-135
Author(s):  
Czesława Trąba ◽  
Zdzisława Wójcik
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Euphorbia Esula ◽  
Alluvial Soils ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Brown Soil ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Field Plant ◽  
The Eu

Part I deals with the <i>Panico-Setarion</i> stubble plant communities. Part II describes the <i>Eu-Polygono-Chenopodion</i> plant communities. Part II is based on 89 photosociological records. The <i>Eu-Polygono-Chenopodion</i> plant communities develope on soil rich in nutrients (brown soil developed from silts loess and clay; alluvial soils developed from silts and loams; chernozem and black soils), belongs to wheat complexes. Two plant communities are distinguished: 1) <i>Oxalis stricta-Euphorbia esula</i> community; 2) <i>Veronica persica</i> community divided into four variants. The floristic diversity of these plant communities reflects the ecological conditions of the examined region.

scholarly journals The stubble-field plant communities on lowland complexes in South-Eastern Poland. P. I. Plant communities of the Panico-Setarion alliance

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 87-111
Author(s):  
Franciszek Pawłowski ◽  
Czesława Trąba ◽  
Zdzisława Wójcik
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Field Plant ◽  
Setaria Glauca

Floristic diversity is characteristic for stubble-field plant communities. Those communities consist of both the species remaining after harvesting of grain and of the species developing in rootplant communities. The first part of this paper describes the plant communities of poor sites in the investigated region. It is based on 90 phytosociological records taken in August and September of 1972-1975 and on soil investigations. The <i>Panico-Setarion</i> alliance was made up of: 1) the <i>Digitarietum ischaemi</i> association, 2) the <i>Setaria glauca</i> community and 3) the <i>Ecbinochloo-Setarietum</i> association, the <i>Setaria glauca</i> community was divided into smaller phytosociological units.

scholarly journals The plant communities of classes Hydrochari-lemnetea Oberd. 1967 and Potametea tx. Et Prsg. 1942 of the Labudovo okno locality (Serbia)

2008 ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Dubravka Polic ◽  
Ruzica Igic ◽  
Slobodanka Stojanovic ◽  
Dejana Lazic
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Station ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
The South ◽  
Power Station ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Dam Building

Labudovo okno locality (50 m-84 m elevation) is situated in the south-eastern part of the edge of the Pannonian Plains, resting along the left bank of the Danube between 1982 km and 1078 km. The investigated locality is the result of rise of the Danube level after dam building of the hydroelectric power station Djerdap I. The vegetation comprises aquatic associations of the classes Hydrochari-Lemnetea Oberd. 1967 and Potametea Tx. et Prsg. 1942. The class Hydrochari-Lemnetea Oberd. 1967 includes the following phytocoenoses: Lemno-Spirodeletum W. Koch 1954, Salvinio-Spirodeletum polyrrhizae Slavnic 1956, Lemno minoris-Azolletum filiculoides Br.-Bl. 1952, Ceratophylletum demersi (So? 27) Hild 1956. The class Potametea Tx. et Prsg. 1942 includes the associations Myriophyllo-Potametum So? 1934, Nympaeetum albo-luteae Nowinski 1928, Trapetum natantis M?lleret G?rs 1960.

Climatology and process-oriented analysis of the Adriatic sea-level extremes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadranka Sepic ◽  
Mira Pasaric ◽  
Iva Medugorac ◽  
Ivica Vilibic ◽  
Maja Karlovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
Atmospheric Waves ◽  
Tidal Forcing ◽  
Atmospheric Processes ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Adriatic Coast

&lt;p&gt;The northern and the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea are occasionally affected by extreme sea-levels known to cause substantial material damage. These extremes appear due to the superposition of several ocean processes that occur at different periods, have different spatial extents, and are caused by distinct forcing mechanisms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To better understand the extremes, hourly sea-level time series from six tide-gauge stations located along the northern and the eastern Adriatic coast (Venice, Trieste, Rovinj, Bakar, Split, Dubrovnik) were collected for the period of 1956 to 2015 (1984 to 2015 for Venice) and analysed. The time series have been checked for spurious data, and then decomposed using tidal analysis and filtering procedures. The following time series were thus obtained for each station: (1) trend; (2) seasonal signal; (3) tides; (4-7) sea-level oscillations at periods: (4) longer than 100 days, (5) from 10 to 100 days, (6) from 6 hours to 10 days, and (7) shorter than 6 hours. These bands correspond, respectively, to sea-level fluctuations dominantly forced by (but not restricted to): (1) climate change and land uplift and sinking; (2) seasonal changes; (3) tidal forcing; (4); quasi-stationary atmospheric and ocean circulation and climate variability patterns; (5) planetary atmospheric waves; (6) synoptic atmospheric processes; and (7) mesoscale atmospheric processes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Positive sea-level extremes surpassing 99.95 and 99.99 percentile values, and negative sea-level extremes lower than 0.05 and 0.01 percentile values were extracted from the original time series for each station. It was shown that positive (negative) extremes are up to 50-100% higher (lower) in the northern than in the south-eastern Adriatic. Then, station-based distributions, return periods, seasonal distributions, event durations, and trends were estimated and assessed. It was shown that the northern Adriatic positive sea-level extremes are dominantly caused by synoptic atmospheric processes superimposed to positive tide (contributing jointly to ~70% of total extreme height), whereas more to the south-east, positive extremes are caused by planetary atmospheric waves, synoptic atmospheric processes, and tides (each contributing with an average of ~25%). As for the negative sea-level extremes, these are due to a combination of planetary atmospheric waves and tides: in the northern Adriatic tide provides the largest contribution (~60%) while in the south-eastern Adriatic the two processes are of similar impact (each contributing with an average of ~30%). The simultaneity of the events along the entire northern and eastern Adriatic coast was studied as well, revealing that positive extremes are strongly regional dependant, i.e. that they usually appear simultaneously only along one part of the coast, whereas negative extremes are more likely to appear along the entire coast at the same time.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Finally, it is suggested that the distribution of sea-level extremes along the south-eastern Adriatic coast can be explained as a superposition of tidal forcing and prevailing atmospheric processes, whereas for the northern Adriatic, strong topographic enhancement of sea-level extremes is also important.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals The «red snow» of the Polar Urals (Western Siberia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 00022
Author(s):  
Yuriy Naumenko
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Polar Urals ◽  
Snow Samples ◽  
The Polar Urals

Pink-red colored snow fields were sampled in the area of Ochety Lake (the Polar Urals, West Siberia) at the altitude of 272 m above the sea level in August 2019. Zygospores of Chlamydomonas nivalis prevailed in plant communities. Altogether, 9 species of algae have been discovered in snow samples: 7 species of Cyanoprokaryota, 1 species of Bacillariophyta and 1 species of Chlorophyta.

Studies of Central Australian Semidesert Rangelands. II. Range Condition and the Nutrient Dynamics of the Herbage Layer, Litter and Soil.

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
MH Friedel
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Range Condition ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Herbage Layer ◽  
Phosphorus Levels ◽  
Different Soils

The levels and turnover of nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur in the herbage layer: litter and soil of three central Australian plant communities were investigated, following several years of above-average rainfall, and the possibility of a relationship between nutrient levels and range condition assessment was examined. There were only a few positive correlations between range condition and phosphorus levels, and they were not associated with the susceptibility of different soils to erosional losses. There were no positive correlations between range condition and the levels of either nitrogen or sulfur. The herbage and litter layers together, of the three plant communities, contained 30-72 kg ha-1 of total nitrogen, 4 kg ha-1 of total phosphorus and 4-7 kg ha-1 of total sulfur. These quantities were comparable to those of arid regions in other parts of the world, but the levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur in soils, estimated by incubation or extraction to be available to plants, were comparatively low. Incubated nitrogen in the 0-10 cm depth of soils was 9-14 ppm and extractable phosphorus was 3-1 1 ppm. The 0-4 cm depth of soil contained 0.5-3 ppm extractable sulfur, and concentrations decreased with depth. Total soil nitrogen was lower than that in other arid regions whereas the amount of organic carbon in soil was comparable, so that C:N was relatively high. Substantial withdrawal of nutrients from senescing plant parts and rapid cycling of nutrients through litter appeared to be responsible for maintaining the level of nutrients in the herbage layer.

The El Nino-Southern Oscillation in south-eastern Australian waters

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 263 ◽  
Author(s):  
WW Hsieh ◽  
BV Hamon
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Upwelling ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Geostrophic Wind ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Ekman Transport ◽  
Hydrographic Data ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Using four decades of hydrographic data collected off the coast near Sydney, New South Wales, and sea-level data at Sydney, we studied the interannual variability in south-eastern Australian shelf waters. The first two empirical orthogonal function (EOF) modes of the band-pass-filtered 50-m-depth hydrographic data (temperature, T; salinity, S; nitrate, N; inorganic phosphate, P; and oxygen, O) and the sea level (SL) and adjusted sea level (ASL) data accounted respectively for 51 and 27% of the total variance. Both modes were significantly correlated with the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI). The first mode, with T, S, O and ASL varying in opposition to N and P, represented the internal or baroclinic response, associated with vertical displacements of the isopycnals. The second mode, with large in-phase fluctuations in SL and ASL but small changes in the hydrographic variables, represented mainly the external or barotropic response during the El Niiio-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Three-year composites centred around seven ENSO warm episodes revealed that T, S, O and ASL were generally low and N, P, SL and SO1 were high in the year before each ENSO warm episode, but the former group rose while the latter group dropped in the year of the warm episode. The changes in the hydrographic variables at 50 m depth were consistent with relatively shallow isopycnals in the year before the ENSO warm episode, followed by a deepening of the isopycnals during the warm episode. Estimates of this downward displacement of isopycnals, as determined from T, N, P and O, were in the range 7-10 m. The geostrophic wind arising from the pressure fluctuations during ENSO is proposed as a probable cause for the vertical displacement of the isopycnals. In the year before the warm episode, the low air pressure over Australia would produce a clockwise geostrophic wind around south-eastern Australia, generating offshore Ekman transport and coastal upwelling. During the warm episode, air pressure over Australia rises, the geostrophic wind reverses, and downward movement of the isopycnals would occur off south-eastern Australia.

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