scholarly journals The effect of the substratum on the in vitro culture of Cymbidium

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna Kukułczanka ◽  
Barbara Cząstka ◽  
Anna Marczonek
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Early Stages

The effect of different substrata (agar, pearl barley, oat flakes and perlite) on the growth and development of orchids. <i>Cymbidium</i>, in the early stages of development in in vitro cultures was studied. Liquid PB medium, complete and without peptone, was added to the substratum. The best growth of <i>Cymbidium</i> shoots and roots was observed on pearl barley. The oat flake substratum favored the growth of shoots, however, due to poor air proportions, the numerous developing roots were damaged. The few roots which arose on the traditional agar substratum grew on its surface. Perlite provided perfect air conditions for the development of roots, but was too poor in nutrients. The presence of peptone in the medium caused the increase of fresh weight of <i>Cymbidium</i> plants. The macroelement content in the plant was dependent on the supply from the substratum used.

Special Problems of Experimenting in ovo on the Early Chick Embryo, and a Solution

Development ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-375
Author(s):  
P. H. S. Silver
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Early Chick Embryo ◽  
In Vitro Methods ◽  
Early Stages

It seems to be generally accepted that experimenting in ovo on the chick during the early stages of development (up to about 48 hours) is fraught with the greatest difficulty. After about this time no serious technical problems arise and a high proportion of successful results can be expected. It is natural to ask why there should be this change-over from extreme difficulty to reasonable simplicity. New (1955) attributed to this ‘inaccessibility of the chick embryo in the egg’ the invention of his own and many other in vitro methods during the last 30 years. There is no doubt that, when short-term experiments only are required, in vitro methods will probably always be preferred. But all in vitro methods suffer from the disadvantage that the embryo cannot be expected to survive for more than 48 hours or so after explantation.

scholarly journals In vitro growth and development of Dendrobium hybrid orchid

1970 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Khatun ◽  
MM Khatun ◽  
MS Biswas ◽  
MR Kabir ◽  
M Al-Amin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Maximum Weight ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Single Shoot ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets

The experiment was conducted to investigate the combined effect of different plant growth regulators and charcoal supplementation in MS medium on growth and development of plantlets regenerated from protocorm like bodies (PLBs) of hybrid orchid. The combination of BAP + NAA, BAP + IAA, BAP + IBA, and IAA + IBA at different concentrations with charcoal supplementation was studied. The result revealed that the use of different growth regulators had significant effect on different parameters studied. The maximum weight of PLBs (5.123 g) was obtained from the combination of BAP + IBA at 1.0 mg/l each. The highest shoot height (3.239 cm) and maximum number of rooted plantlets (4.473) was obtained from 1.0 mg/l each of BAP + NAA combination. The maximum number of leaves (3.490) and the maximum length of leaves (1.946 cm) were obtained from 1.0 mg/l each of BAP + IBA and the highest leaf width (1.166 cm) was obtained from 0.5 mg/l BAP +1.0 mg/l IBA combination. The highest root length was obtained from 0.5 mg/l each of BAP + IAA and the maximum number of regenerated plantlets (20) was obtained from 0.5 mg/l IAA + 1.0 mg/l IBA combination. However, the maximum fresh weight of single shoot (0.219 g) and the maximum number of roots per plantlet (6.300) was obtained from 1.0 mg/I each of IAA + IBA combination. Keywords: Dedrobium; orchid; hybrid; In vitro growth. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v35i3.6457Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 35(3) : 507-514

scholarly journals Somatic embryogenesis in in vitro culture of Plantago asiatica L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Makowczyńska ◽  
Emilia Andrzejewska-Golec
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Direct Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Plantago Asiatica ◽  
Somatic Organogenesis

Early stages of direct somatic embryogenesis in <em>Plantago asiatica</em> were observed by light microscopy. In calli of <em>Plantago asiatica</em> two phenomena occurred simultaneously: somatic organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis.

scholarly journals PENGARUH SUHU INKUBASI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN EMBRIO SOMATIK PURWOCENG (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
NUR AJIJAH ◽  
IRENG DARWATI ◽  
YUDIWANTI YUDIWANTI ◽  
ROOSTIKA ROOSTIKA
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Temperature Growth ◽  
Weight Increment ◽  
Shoot Number

<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk. atau P. alpina KDS.) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat asli Indonesia endemik dataran tinggidan pada saat ini dibudidayakan secara terbatas di Dataran Tinggi Dieng.Salah satu upaya yang dapat ditempuh untuk memperluas arealpengembangan tanaman ini adalah melalui perakitan varietas tolerandataran rendah atau menengah, yang antara lain dapat diperoleh melaluipendekatan seleksi ketahanan terhadap suhu tinggi yang dapat dilakukansecara in vitro. Pengaruh cekaman suhu tinggi terhadap pertumbuhan danperkembangan purwoceng secara in vitro sejauh ini belum diketahui.Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu inkubasi terhadappertumbuhan dan perkembangan embrio somatik purwoceng secara invitro. Penelitian dilaksanakan di laboratorium kultur jaringan BalaiPenelitian Tanaman Obat dan Aromatik (Balittro) Bogor mulai Oktober2007 – Maret 2008. Embrio somatik purwoceng diinduksi dari eksplandaun aseptik. Embrio somatik fase globuler yang terbentuk dipergunakansebagai eksplan kemudian diinkubasi pada tiga taraf suhu ruang yaitu 17,3± 0,5ºC (kontrol), 23,3 ± 2,1ºC, dan 32,8 ± 1,7ºC selama 3 bulan dengansub kultur setiap bulan sampai terbentuk planlet/tunas. Pengamatandilakukan terhadap peubah pertumbuhan dan perkembangan eksplanembrio somatik yang meliputi penambahan bobot segar eksplan,persentase eksplan yang membentuk tunas, jumlah tunas yang terbentukper eksplan serta persentase eksplan hidup. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa suhu inkubasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua peubah yangdiamati. Rata-rata  penambahan  bobot  segar,  persentase  eksplanmembentuk tunas, jumlah tunas per eksplan dan persentase eksplan hidupsemakin menurun dengan semakin meningkatnya suhu inkubasi. Suhu 32,8± 1,7ºC memberikan pengaruh penghambatan yang nyata terhadappertumbuhan dan perkembangan embrio somatik purwoceng dibandingkansuhu kontrol dan 23,3 ± 2,1ºC sejak periode inkubasi 1 bulan. Sedangkansuhu 23,3 ± 2,1ºC baru memberikan pengaruh penghambatan yang nyatasetelah periode inkubasi 3 bulan.</p><p>Kata kunci : Pimpinella pruatjan, embrio somatik, suhu, pertumbuhan</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Effect of temperature incubation on growth and de-velopment of Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.)somatic embryos</p><p>Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk., P. alpina KDS.) is one ofIndonesian medicinal plants. It is high altitude endemic species which iscurrently cultivated on a limited areas in the Dieng Plateau. One effort toexpand purwoceng cultivation areas is through the assembly ofpurwoceng varieties tolerant to low or medium altitude, among others, canbe obtained through the approach of selection for high temperaturetolerance that can be done by in vitro selection. How high temperaturestress influencing the growth and development of purwoceng somaticembryos is not known yet. The research aimed at determining theinfluence of incubation temperature on the growth and development ofpurwoceng somatic embryos. The research was conducted at tissue culturelaboratory of Indonesian Medicinal and Aromatic Crops Research Institute(IMACRI) from October 2007 – March 2008. Purwoceng somaticembryos induced from aseptic leaves incubated at three levels of roomtemperature i.e. 17.3 ± 0.5 º C (control), 23.3 ± 2.1 ºC, and 32.8 ± 1.7 º Cfor 3 months with a subculture every month. Variables observed wereexplants fresh weight increment, percentage of explants forming shoot,number of shoot per explants, and percentage of survive explants. Theresult showed that the average of explants fresh weight increment,percentage of explants forming shoot, number of shoot per explants, andpercentage of survive explants decreased with the increase of temperature.The growth and development of purwoceng somatic embryos weresignificantly inhibited at the temperature of 32.8 ± 1.7ºC since one monthafter incubation, while the inhibition of temperature of 23.3 ± 2.1 ºC wasnot significant except after 3 month of incubation.</p><p>Key words: Pimpinella pruatjan, somatic embryos, temperature, growth</p>

scholarly journals Results with the establishment of in vitro culture of Leucojum aestivum

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kohut ◽  
M. Ördögh ◽  
E. Jámbor-Benczúr ◽  
Á. Máthé
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Benzyl Adenine ◽  
Leucojum Aestivum ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
Bulbous Plant

Leucojum aestivum is a native, protected ornamental and medicinal plant in Hungary and in Ukraine too. The aim of our work was to establish in vitro cultures of this bulbous plant. Prior to surface sterilisation the old leaves and roots were dissected from the bulbs and they were stored in a refrigerator (2-3°C) for different periods (1 week for the first starting experiment and 5 weeks for the second one). After sterilisation, bulbs, bulb scales and leaves of the bulbs were placed on Murashige and Skoog's (1962) medium with 1 mg/1 benzyl-adenine (BA) and 0,1 mg/1 naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). At the first starting experiment 81,3%, and at the second one 92,3% of the explants turned to be sterile. Bulblets and roots were developed on the explants in the case of using bulb plates together with bulb scales and leaves as inoculua. The best result was achieved after 5 weeks chilling and it was possible to gain little bulbs from the bulb leaves too.

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS MERKURI KLORIDA (HgCl2) PADA STERILISASI TUNAS SAMPING JATI (Tectona grandis) IN VITRO

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Yusuf Sigit Ahmad Fauzan ◽  
. Supriyanto ◽  
Teuku Tajuddin
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Mercury Chloride ◽  
Main Obstacle ◽  
Sterilization Process ◽  
High Level ◽  
Growth Of Fungi ◽  
Tectona Grandis L.F

Effectiveness of Mercury Chloride (HgCl2) in Sterilization of Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) In VitroThe main obstacle in obtaining sterile materials in in vitro cultures derived from meristems is high level of surface contamination caused by fungi and bacteria, which often results in explant death. The objective of this study was to obtain an appropriate mercury chloride (HgCl2) concentration for the sterilization of Tectona grandis nodes in in vitro culture. One cm long-sized nodes with 0.2 mm diameter were immersed in HgCl2at concentrations of 0, 100, 200 and 300 mg/L for 3 minutes. The results showed that the higher concentration of HgCl2was able to suppress the growth of fungi and bacteria and increased the percentage of aseptic explants. The best HgCl2concentration was 300 mg/L since it suppressed the growth of fungi and bacteria up to 100% and 75%, respectively, and produced the highest aseptic explants of 85% at 9 days after treatment. The small sized explants supported the sterilization process and reduced browning levels.Keywords: Browning, HgCl2, in vitro, sterilization, T. grandisABSTRAKKendala utama dalam mendapatkan material steril pada kultur in vitro yang berasal dari meristem adalah tingginya tingkat kontaminasi permukaan yang disebabkan oleh jamur dan bakteri, dan sering menyebabkan kematian eksplan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh konsentrasi merkuri klorida (HgCl2) yang tepat untuk sterilisasi eksplan tunas samping tanaman jati (Tectona grandis) pada kultur in vitro. Tunas samping berukuran 1 cm dan diameter 0,2 mm direndam dalam HgCl2 pada konsentrasi 0, 100, 200 dan 300 mg/L selama 3 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan konsentrasi HgCl2 yang semakin tinggi mampu menekan pertumbuhan jamur dan bakteri pada eksplan serta meningkatkan persentase eksplan aseptik. HgCl2 dengan konsentrasi 300 mg/L merupakan konsentrasi terbaik karena dapat menekan pertumbuhan jamur hingga 100% dan bakteri mencapai 75%, serta menghasilkan tingkat eksplan aseptik dan hidup tertinggi yaitu sebesar 85% pada 9 hari setelah perlakuan. Ukuran eksplan yang kecil mendukung proses sterilisasi dan mengurangi tingkat browning. Kata kunci: HgCl2,in vitro, pencoklatan jaringan, sterilisasi, T. grandis, Received: 02 November 2017                 Accepted: 14 December 2017                Published: 29 December 2017

scholarly journals Optimizing Carbon Dioxide and Light Levels during in Vitro Culture of Theobroma cacao

1994 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 865-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Figueira ◽  
Jules Janick
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Ethylene Concentration ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Number Of Leaves

In vitro culture of axillary cotyledonary shoots of Theobroma cacao L. (cacao) under increasing CO2 concentration from ambient to 24,000 ppm (culture tube levels) significantly increased total shoot elongation, number of leaves, leaf area per explant, and shoot dry and fresh weight. Although light was necessary for the CO2 response, the effect of various photon fluxes was not significant for the measured growth parameters. Net photosynthesis estimated on the basis of CO2 depletion in culture tubes increased 3.5 times from 463 to 2639 ppm CO2, and increased 1.5 times from 2639 to 14,849 ppm CO2, but declined from 14,849 to 24,015 ppm CO2. Ethylene concentration in culture vessels increased under enriched CO2 conditions. Depletion of nutrients (fructose, K, Ca, Mg, and P) from the medium was increased under enriched CO2 conditions.

scholarly journals Turnover of Carbon Pools Labelled with [14C]Glucose during in vitro Culture of Preimplantation Mouse Embryos

1982 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 637
Author(s):  
I L Pike ◽  
RG Wales
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Carbon Pools ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Glucose Carbon ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse Embryos ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse

The pulse-chase technique was used to study the uptake and turnover of glucose carbon by mouse embryos in vitro. During a 1 h pulse the uptake of glucose into all embryonic fractions increased between the eight-celled and the morula-early blastocyst stages of development. Whilst most of the glucose carbon entered the non-glycogen, acid-soluble pool, significant amounts were isolated in acid-insoluble macromolecules and, at the later stage of development, in acid-soluble glycogen.

Effects of sucrose and trehalose on growth and development of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) on two Dendrobium cultivars under different lights

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 2170-2176
Author(s):  
M. M. Alam ◽  
K. Shimasaki ◽  
A. M. Meskatul
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
White Leds ◽  
Green Led ◽  
Led Lights ◽  
Green Leds

The objective of this study was to identify effective carbon sources for the in vitro propagation of PLBs in Dendrobium cultivars Dendrobium kingianum ‘Hallelujah’ and Dendrobium k. Jonathan’s Glory ‘Dark Joy’. In this study, we used two types of carbon sources to culture the cultivars under five different LED lights. For, both carbon sources the highest numbers of PLBs were obtained with the green LEDs compared with the other LED lights. For Dendrobium kingianum ‘Hallelujah’ the trehalose supplemented medium produced the highest number of PLBs (13.8/explant) and the maximum fresh weight (0.45g/explant) under green LEDs. On the other hand, for Dendrobium k. Jonathan’s Glory ‘Dark Joy’, the sucrose supplemented medium produced the highest number of PLBs under green LED (8.0/explant, fresh weight 0.22g/explants) and the trehalose supplemented medium produced the maximum number of PLBs under white LEDs (8.1/explants, fresh weight 0.23g/explants). The sucrose was the most relevant carbon source for the in vitro organogenesis of Dendrobium k. Jonathan’s Glory ‘Dark Joy’, while trehalose was best under white LEDs.

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