scholarly journals Septorioza pomidora. I. Rozwój choroby w warunkach szklarniowych i polowych [Septoria leaf spot of tomato. I. Development of septoria leaf spot on tomato plants under greenhouse and field conditions]

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Marcinkowska
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Inoculum Concentration ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Central Poland ◽  
Plant Parasite ◽  
Septoria Lycopersici ◽  
Septoria Leaf Spot

The number of <i>Septoria lycopersici</i> pycnospores necessary for inducing tomato infection was reported. In addition to this, the influence of inoculum concentration and site of tomato infection as well as the influence of air humidity and temperature on diseasee expression have been researched. Studies upon the character of <i>S. lycopersici</i> penetration and host-plant parasite interaction were made with the susceptible Bounty tomato under greenhouse conditions. The results of observations concerning the appearance and development of septoria leaf spot in the fields of central Poland were also described.

scholarly journals Septorioza pomidora. III. Patogeniczność Septoria lycopersici Speg. oraz podatność pomidora na ten grzyb [Septoria leaf spot of tomato. III. Pathogenicity of Septoria lycopersici Speg. and susceptibility of tomato to this fungus]

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-384
Author(s):  
J. Marcinkowska
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Septoria Lycopersici ◽  
Septoria Leaf Spot

The resultus of this study have indicated a lack of physioloigical specialization of <i>Septoria lycopersici</i> in Poland. The susceptibility of tomato plants to this fungus depending on the age of host plant and its variety, was also studied out.

scholarly journals Homeopathic and high dilution preparations for pest management to tomato crop under organic production system

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiani A Modolon ◽  
Pedro Boff ◽  
Mari Inês C Boff ◽  
David José Miquelluti
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Production System ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
High Dilution ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Arnica Montana ◽  
Septoria Leaf Spot

Tomato crops (Solanum lycopersicum) under conventional production system are constantly treated against pest and diseases, with organic synthetic pesticides that are used may cause serious disturbance to environment and human health. This research was carried out in order to study the effect of homeopathic and high dilution preparations on pests and diseases management of tomato crop under organic production system. Two experiments were conducted under field conditions and one in greenhouse. All of them in randomized block design with the cultivar Santa Cruz Kada. The treatments consisted of homeopathic preparations Staphysagria, Arsenicum album, Sulphur, Arnica montana, high dilution preparations of Solanum lycopersicum and Solanum aculeatissimum, at the decimal (DH) or centesimal (CH) scale of hahnemanian high dilution. Bordeaux mixture, cupric preparation, and Bacillus thuringiensis were also included in weight doses. The preparation Arnica montana 12DH increased the tomato yield under field conditions. The damage incidence of small borer was efficiently reduced with applications of Sulphur 12CH that equalling to B. thuringiensis. The same treatment did not reduce the large borers. B. thuringiensis reduced also the septoria leaf spot incidence in the field. In greenhouse, the high dilution preparation of tomato at 12DH completely suppressed the septoria leaf spot and drastically reduced the same disease at 24DH. The homeopathic and high dilution preparations have the potential to be effective on replacing pesticides that are used on tomato, and could be suitable to fill legal requirement for organic production system.

Directional Spread of Septoria Leaf Spot in Tomato Rows

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Parker ◽  
F. W. Nutter ◽  
M. L. Gleason
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Logistic Model ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Septoria Leaf Spot

Disease severity of Septoria leaf spot in rows of fresh-market tomato plants that were not staked was assessed in 1992 and 1993 following inoculation of the center plant in each row. Both temporal disease increase and spatial disease gradients were best described by the logistic model. Apparent infection rates for Septoria leaf spot epidemics averaged 0.282 day-1 (SE = 0.015, r2 = 0.96, P < 0.0001) in 1992 and 0.260 day-1 (SE = 0.011, r2 = 0.96, P < 0.0001) in 1993. Apparent infection rates remained relatively constant at increasing distances from initial foci. Estimated values for disease gradient slopes 3 to 5 weeks after inoculation ranged from -0.26 to -1.05 m-1. Velocities of disease spread ranged from 0.3 to 1.3 m/day. Results of analysis of disease severity data for these 2 years suggest that Septoria leaf spot epidemics can develop at rapid rates, but steep disease gradients limit the velocity of spread.

scholarly journals Septorioza pomidora. IV. Zimowanie grzyba Septoria lycopersici Speg. i żywotność jego zarodników [Septoria leaf spot of tomato. IV. Wintering of Septoria lycopersici Speg. and vitality of its pycnospores]

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-393
Author(s):  
J. Marcinkowska
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Septoria Lycopersici ◽  
Septoria Leaf Spot

The experiment has showed that <i>Septoria lycopersici</i> is able to overwinter as pycnospores being only in pycnidia on diseased leaves and stems of tomato. The fungus can remain alive on plant debris left on surface of soil as well as on covered plant debris. The period of pycnospores vitality in plant debris was also studied.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Tomato Lines against Septoria Leaf Spot under Field Conditions and Its Effect on Fruit Yield

2016 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 181-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zishan Gul ◽  
Mehboob Ahmed ◽  
Zaheer Ullah Khan ◽  
Bilal Khan ◽  
Mazhar Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Septoria Leaf Spot

scholarly journals Effect of Spaceflight on Tomato Seed Quality and Biochemical Characteristics of Mature Plants

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Elena Dzhos ◽  
Nadezhda Golubkina ◽  
Marina Antoshkina ◽  
Irina Kondratyeva ◽  
Andrew Koshevarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Tomato Seed ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Tomato Seeds ◽  
Genetic Modifications ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Intensive space exploration includes profound investigations on the effect of weightlessness and cosmic radiation on plant growth and development. Tomato seeds are often used in such experiments though up to date the results have given rather vague information about biochemical changes in mature plants grown from seeds subjected to spaceflight. The effect of half a year of storage in the International Space Station (ISS) on tomato seeds (cultivar Podmoskovny ranny) was studied by analyzing the biochemical characteristics and mineral content of mature plants grown from these seeds both in greenhouse and field conditions. A significant increase was recorded in ascorbic acid, polyphenol and carotenoid contents, and total antioxidant activity (AOA), with higher changes in the field conditions compared to greenhouse. Contrary to control plants, the ones derived from space-stored seeds demonstrated a significant decrease in root AOA. The latter plants also showed a higher yield, but lower content of fruit dry matter, sugars, total dissolved solids and organic acids. The fruits of plants derived from space-stored seeds demonstrated decreased levels of Fe, Cu and taste index. The described results reflect the existence of oxidative stress in mature tomato plants as a long-term consequence of the effect of spaceflight on seed quality, whereas the higher yield may be attributed to genetic modifications.

scholarly journals Photosynthesis of Blueberry Leaves as Affected by Septoria Leaf Spot and Abiotic Leaf Damage

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Roloff ◽  
H. Scherm ◽  
M. W. van Iersel
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
Leaf Conductance ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
Virtual Lesion ◽  
Septoria Leaf Spot

Leaf spots caused by fungal pathogens or abiotic factors can be prevalent on southern blueberries after harvest during the summer and fall, yet little is known about how they affect physiological processes that determine yield potential for the following year. In this study, we measured CO2 assimilation and leaf conductance on field-grown blueberry plants affected by Septoria leaf spot (caused by Septoria albopunctata) or by edema-like abiotic leaf blotching. Net assimilation rate (NAR) on healthy leaves varied between 6.9 and 12.4 μmol m-2 s-1 across cultivars and measurement dates. Infection by S. albopunctata had a significant negative effect on photosynthesis, with NAR decreasing exponentially as disease severity increased (R2 ≥0.726, P < 0.0001). NAR was reduced by approximately one-half at 20% disease severity, and values approached zero for leaves with >50% necrotic leaf area. There was a positive, linear correlation between NAR and leaf conductance (R2 ≥ 0.622, P < 0.0001), suggesting that the disease may have reduced photosynthesis via decreased CO2 diffusion into affected leaves. Estimates of virtual lesion size associated with infection by S. albopunctata ranged from 2.8 to 3.1, indicating that the leaf area in which photosynthesis was impaired was about three times as large as the area covered by necrosis. For leaves afflicted by edema-like damage, there also was a significant negative relationship between NAR and affected leaf area, but the scatter about the regression was more pronounced than in the NAR-disease severity relationships for S. albopunctata (R2 = 0.548, P < 0.0001). No significant correlation was observed between leaf conductance and affected area on these leaves (P = 0.145), and the virtual lesion size associated with abiotic damage was significantly smaller than that caused by S. albopunctata. Adequate carbohydrate supply during the fall is critical for optimal flower bud set in blueberry; therefore, these results document the potential for marked yield losses due to biotic and abiotic leaf spots.

scholarly journals Heritability of peach tree resistance to bacterial leaf spot

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 366-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Luiz Varago ◽  
Idemir Citadin ◽  
Marcos Robson Sachet ◽  
Gener Augusto Penso ◽  
Maria do Carmo Bassols Raseira
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Peach Tree ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Spot ◽  
Tree Resistance ◽  
Leaf Area Duration ◽  
Xanthomonas Arboricola

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the broad-sense heritability reaction to bacterial leaf spot (Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni), in peach tree populations obtained from directed crosses. Disease severity and defoliation of the genotypes were evaluated in field conditions, with posterior measurement of the healthy leaf area duration (HAD). The observed average heritability (0.51) indicates that the use of the evaluated genitors can be effective for the development of cultivars with higher resistance to the disease.

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