scholarly journals Characteristic of the nutritive value of the protein from rye coryopses. II. Evaluation of rye grain protein quality by Dye-Binding Capacity method

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kubiczek ◽  
G. Chojnacki
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Qualitative Characteristic ◽  
Dye Binding ◽  
Chemical Score ◽  
Large Scale Screening ◽  
Capacity Method

The usefulness for breeding porposes of the azosulphonic dye-binding capacity (DBC method) by proteins for large scale screening nutritive value characteristic of rye grain protein was studied. It was established that binding capacity of dye by rye grain protein is positively, significantly correlated with protein nutritive value indicators, e.g. CS (Chemical Score). The amounts of the binded dye by 1 g of milled rye grains were positively, significantly correlated with "useful" protein content of grains. DBC plus Kjeldahl protein evaluations are together suitable for mass screening quantitative and qualitative characteristic of rye grain protein.

THE APPLICATION OF THE DYE-BINDING METHOD FOR MEASURING PROTEIN DENATURATION OF RAPESEED MEALS CAUSED BY AUTOCLAVE OR OVEN HEAT TREATMENTS FOR VARYING PERIODS OF TIME

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. K. GOH ◽  
D. R. CLANDININ ◽  
A. R. ROBBLEE
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Nitrogen Solubility ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Acid Orange ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Dye Binding ◽  
Similar Temperature ◽  
Available Lysine

Laboratory-prepared rapeseed meals (RSMs) with moisture contents ranging from 2 to 40% of the meal were heated in an autoclave or an oven at 121 °C from 15 min to 4 h. The degree of protein denaturation of the RSMs was estimated by nitrogen solubility (NS) in water and by dye-binding capacity of the protein (DBCP) with Acid Orange 12. The NS study indicated that heating RSM for 15 min to 1 h in an autoclave produced more severe denaturation than heating RSM at a similar temperature for the same periods of time in an oven. When heating in the autoclave was prolonged, the nitrogen solubility increased. The ability of the RSM protein to bind Acid Orange 12 was more severely affected by the autoclave treatment than by oven heating. In this regard, the DBCP of the RSMs was at the lowest after 2 h of heating in the autoclave and after 4 h of heating in the oven. Since the NS values for the RSMs include both protein and non-protein nitrogen while DBCP values measure mainly basic amino acids, the latter values are likely to be more valid for estimating the nutritive value of RSM. The higher correlation coefficient between DBCP and available lysine than between NS and available lysine (0.90 vs. 0.63) would seem to support this conclusion.

Towards the Development of THz-Sensors for the Detection of African Trypanosomes

Frequenz ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
Robert Knieß ◽  
Carolin B. Wagner ◽  
H. Ulrich Göringer ◽  
Mario Mueh ◽  
Christian Damm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Thz Radiation ◽  
African Trypanosomes ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Diagnostic Measures ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
And Control ◽  
Large Scale Screening

AbstractHuman African trypanosomiasis (HAT) is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) for which adequate therapeutic and diagnostic measures are still lacking. Causative agent of HAT is the African trypanosome, a single-cell parasite, which propagates in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of infected patients. Although different testing methods for the pathogen exist, none is robust, reliable and cost-efficient enough to support large-scale screening and control programs. Here we propose the design of a new sensor-type for the detection of infective-stage trypanosomes. The sensor exploits the highly selective binding capacity of nucleic acid aptamers to the surface of the parasite in combination with passive sensor structures to allow an electromagnetic remote read-out using terahertz (THz)-radiation. The short wavelength provides a superior interaction with the parasite cells than longer wavelengths, which is essential for a high sensitivity. We present two different sensor structures using both, micro- and nano-scale elements, as well as different measurement principles.

APPLICATION OF THE DYE-BINDING TECHNIQUE FOR QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE ESTIMATION OF RAPESEED MEAL PROTEIN

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. K. GOH ◽  
D. R. CLANDININ ◽  
A. R. ROBBLEE
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Quantitative Prediction ◽  
Acid Orange ◽  
Dye Binding ◽  
Meal Protein ◽  
Available Lysine

The linear equation Y = 2.2 + 0.27X relating dye-binding capacity with Acid Orange 12 (X) and Kjeldahl crude protein content (Y) of rapeseed meal, derived previously, was applied to 126 commercial samples for estimating the protein contents of the meals. Results indicated that the means of crude protein contents obtained by both dye-binding and Kjeldahl nitrogen analyses were comparable. However, comparisons based on individual samples showed that the dye-binding method underestimated or overestimated the protein content of about 20% of the samples by 1% or more. The deviation was caused mainly by the atypical content of basic amino acids, particularly of lysine, in these meals. Application of the equation for quantitative prediction should, therefore, be limited to rapeseed meals which have been properly processed. On the other hand, the correlations noted between the dye-binding capacity of protein (DBCP, mg Acid Orange 12/g protein) of 21 selected rapeseed meals and the lysine and available lysine contents of the meals (r = 0.84 and 0.79) showed that the ability of the protein to bind Acid Orange 12 may be used as a protein quality index of the samples. This potential was further investigated by studying the effects of autoclaving for varying periods of time at 121 °C on the DBCP of rapeseed meal protein. In this regard, a significant reduction in DBCP of the meals was noted after 45 min of heating. Available lysine values were reduced by autoclaving at a more rapid rate than DBCP values.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition, Nutritive Value, and Toxicological Evaluation ofBauhinia cheilanthaSeeds: A Legume from Semiarid Regions Widely Used in Folk Medicine

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Câmara Teixeira ◽  
Davi Felipe Farias ◽  
Ana Fontenele Urano Carvalho ◽  
Mariana Reis Arantes ◽  
José Tadeu Abreu Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Legume Seeds

Among theBauhiniaspecies,B. cheilanthastands out for its seed protein content. However, there is no record of its nutritional value, being used in a nonsustainable way in the folk medicine and for large-scale extraction of timber. The aim of this study was to investigate the food potential ofB. cheilanthaseeds with emphasis on its protein quality to provide support for flora conservation and use as raw material or as prototype for the development of bioproducts with high added socioeconomic value.B. cheilanthaseeds show high protein content (35.9%), reasonable essential amino acids profile, low levels of antinutritional compounds, and nutritional parameters comparable to those of legumes widely used such as soybean and cowpea. The heat treatment of the seeds as well as the protein extraction process (to obtain the protein concentrate) increased the acceptance of diets by about 100% when compared to that of rawBcdiet. These wild legume seeds can be promising alternative source of food to overcome the malnutrition problem faced by low income people adding socioeconomic value to the species.

Training Aides to Screen Children for Speech and Language Problems

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 236-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisue Pickering ◽  
William R. Dopheide
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
School Personnel ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Elementary School Age ◽  
Evaluation Procedures ◽  
Language Problems ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Large Scale Screening

This report deals with an effort to begin the process of effectively identifying children in rural areas with speech and language problems using existing school personnel. A two-day competency-based workshop for the purpose of training aides to conduct a large-scale screening of speech and language problems in elementary-school-age children is described. Training strategies, implementation, and evaluation procedures are discussed.

Recent Progress in Machine Learning-based Prediction of Peptide Activity for Drug Discovery

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qihui Wu ◽  
Hanzhong Ke ◽  
Dongli Li ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Jiansong Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Anticancer Peptides ◽  
The Past ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Large Scale Screening

Over the past decades, peptide as a therapeutic candidate has received increasing attention in drug discovery, especially for antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), anticancer peptides (ACPs) and antiinflammatory peptides (AIPs). It is considered that the peptides can regulate various complex diseases which are previously untouchable. In recent years, the critical problem of antimicrobial resistance drives the pharmaceutical industry to look for new therapeutic agents. Compared to organic small drugs, peptide- based therapy exhibits high specificity and minimal toxicity. Thus, peptides are widely recruited in the design and discovery of new potent drugs. Currently, large-scale screening of peptide activity with traditional approaches is costly, time-consuming and labor-intensive. Hence, in silico methods, mainly machine learning approaches, for their accuracy and effectiveness, have been introduced to predict the peptide activity. In this review, we document the recent progress in machine learning-based prediction of peptides which will be of great benefit to the discovery of potential active AMPs, ACPs and AIPs.

scholarly journals Analytical Validation and Clinical Application of Rapid Serological Tests for SARS-CoV-2 Suitable for Large-Scale Screening

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 869
Author(s):  
Amedeo De Nicolò ◽  
Valeria Avataneo ◽  
Jessica Cusato ◽  
Alice Palermiti ◽  
Jacopo Mula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Analytical Validation ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Flow Test ◽  
Lateral Flow Test ◽  
Large Scale Screening

Recently, large-scale screening for COVID-19 has presented a major challenge, limiting timely countermeasures. Therefore, the application of suitable rapid serological tests could provide useful information, however, little evidence regarding their robustness is currently available. In this work, we evaluated and compared the analytical performance of a rapid lateral-flow test (LFA) and a fast semiquantitative fluorescent immunoassay (FIA) for anti-nucleocapsid (anti-NC) antibodies, with the reverse transcriptase real-time PCR assay as the reference. In 222 patients, LFA showed poor sensitivity (55.9%) within two weeks from PCR, while later testing was more reliable (sensitivity of 85.7% and specificity of 93.1%). Moreover, in a subset of 100 patients, FIA showed high sensitivity (89.1%) and specificity (94.1%) after two weeks from PCR. The coupled application for the screening of 183 patients showed satisfactory concordance (K = 0.858). In conclusion, rapid serological tests were largely not useful for early diagnosis, but they showed good performance in later stages of infection. These could be useful for back-tracing and/or to identify potentially immune subjects.

scholarly journals BonMOLière: Small-Sized Libraries of Readily Purchasable Compounds, Optimized to Produce Genuine Hits in Biological Screens across the Protein Space

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 7773
Author(s):  
Neann Mathai ◽  
Conrad Stork ◽  
Johannes Kirchmair
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Computational Approach ◽  
Large Sets ◽  
Compound Libraries ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Protein Space ◽  
High Chance ◽  
Large Scale Screening ◽  
Early Drug ◽  
Selection Of

Experimental screening of large sets of compounds against macromolecular targets is a key strategy to identify novel bioactivities. However, large-scale screening requires substantial experimental resources and is time-consuming and challenging. Therefore, small to medium-sized compound libraries with a high chance of producing genuine hits on an arbitrary protein of interest would be of great value to fields related to early drug discovery, in particular biochemical and cell research. Here, we present a computational approach that incorporates drug-likeness, predicted bioactivities, biological space coverage, and target novelty, to generate optimized compound libraries with maximized chances of producing genuine hits for a wide range of proteins. The computational approach evaluates drug-likeness with a set of established rules, predicts bioactivities with a validated, similarity-based approach, and optimizes the composition of small sets of compounds towards maximum target coverage and novelty. We found that, in comparison to the random selection of compounds for a library, our approach generates substantially improved compound sets. Quantified as the “fitness” of compound libraries, the calculated improvements ranged from +60% (for a library of 15,000 compounds) to +184% (for a library of 1000 compounds). The best of the optimized compound libraries prepared in this work are available for download as a dataset bundle (“BonMOLière”).

scholarly journals Large-scale screening of natural genetic resource in the hydrocarbon-producing microalga Botrycoccus braunii identified novel fast-growing strains

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Kawamura ◽  
Suzune Nishikawa ◽  
Kotaro Hirano ◽  
Ardianor Ardianor ◽  
Rudy Agung Nugroho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Botryococcus Braunii ◽  
Algal Biofuel ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Wild Strains ◽  
Glass Tubes ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Large Scale Screening ◽  
Hydrocarbon Productivity

AbstractAlgal biofuel research aims to make a renewable, carbon–neutral biofuel by using oil-producing microalgae. The freshwater microalga Botryococcus braunii has received much attention due to its ability to accumulate large amounts of petroleum-like hydrocarbons but suffers from slow growth. We performed a large-scale screening of fast-growing strains with 180 strains isolated from 22 ponds located in a wide geographic range from the tropics to cool-temperate. A fast-growing strain, Showa, which recorded the highest productivities of algal hydrocarbons to date, was used as a benchmark. The initial screening was performed by monitoring optical densities in glass tubes and identified 9 wild strains with faster or equivalent growth rates to Showa. The biomass-based assessments showed that biomass and hydrocarbon productivities of these strains were 12–37% and 11–88% higher than that of Showa, respectively. One strain, OIT-678 established a new record of the fastest growth rate in the race B strains with a doubling time of 1.2 days. The OIT-678 had 36% higher biomass productivity, 34% higher hydrocarbon productivity, and 20% higher biomass density than Showa at the same cultivation conditions, suggesting the potential of the new strain to break the record for the highest productivities of hydrocarbons.

scholarly journals Identification of Six Loci in Which Mutations Partially Restore Peroxisome Biogenesis and/or Alleviate the Metabolic Defect of pex2 Mutants in Podospora

Genetics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 161 (3) ◽  
pp. 1089-1099
Author(s):  
Gwenaël Ruprich-Robert ◽  
Véronique Berteaux-Lecellier ◽  
Denise Zickler ◽  
Arlette Panvier-Adoutte ◽  
Marguerite Picard
Keyword(s):  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Podospora Anserina ◽  
Developmental Defect ◽  
Dominant Allele ◽  
Peroxisome Biogenesis ◽  
Metabolic Defects ◽  
Metabolic Defect ◽  
Mutant Strains ◽  
Large Scale Screening

Abstract Peroxins (PEX) are proteins required for peroxisome biogenesis. Mutations in PEX genes cause lethal diseases in humans, metabolic defects in yeasts, and developmental disfunctions in plants and filamentous fungi. Here we describe the first large-scale screening for suppressors of a pex mutation. In Podospora anserina, pex2 mutants exhibit a metabolic defect [inability to grow on medium containing oleic acid (OA medium) as sole carbon source] and a developmental defect (inability to differentiate asci in homozygous crosses). Sixty-three mutations able to restore growth of pex2 mutants on OA medium have been analyzed. They fall in six loci (suo1 to suo6) and act as dominant, allele-nonspecific suppressors. Most suo mutations have pleiotropic effects in a pex2+ background: formation of unripe ascospores (all loci except suo5 and suo6), impaired growth on OA medium (all loci except suo4 and suo6), or sexual defects (suo4). Using immunofluorescence and GFP staining, we show that peroxisome biogenesis is partially restored along with a low level of ascus differentiation in pex2 mutant strains carrying either the suo5 or the suo6 mutations. The data are discussed with respect to β-oxidation of fatty acids, peroxisome biogenesis, and cell differentiation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document