Comparative Antibacterial Studies On The Root, Stem Bark And Leaf Extracts Of Parkia Clappertoniana.

10.5580/298a ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Bark ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Antibacterial Studies

scholarly journals Phytochemical and Antifungal Efficacy of Leaf and Stem Bark Extracts of Parkia biglobosa on Fungi Associated with Seed Rot of Green Bean (Phaseolus vulgaries L.) in Akpabuyo, Cross River State, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
Patrick Ishoro Akwaji ◽  
Ekeng Ita Okon ◽  
Etim Johnson Umana ◽  
Aniedi Abasi Akpan Markson
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Antifungal Efficacy

The phytochemical and antifungal efficacy of the ethanolic and methanolic stem bark and leaf extracts of Parkiabiglobosa on the fungal pathogens isolated from infected green bean seeds obtained from the field in Akpabuyo, Cross River State, Nigeria were investigated in vitro. The pathogens were Botryodiplodiatheobromae and Aspergillusniger. Various concentrations of the extracts ranging from 10g/100ml, 20g/100ml, 30g/100ml, 40g/100ml and 50g/100ml were separately added to PDA media. Results of the in vitro antifungal assay shows that at 40g/100ml and 50g/100ml concentrations, ethanolic stem bark and leaf extracts of P. biglobosa completely inhibited the radial growth of B. theobromae and A. niger after seven days observation period while those of methanolic extracts completely inhibited the redial growth of the fungal pathogens at 50g/100ml concentration. Results, however, shows that the extracts had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the radial growth of the fungal pathogens at all the different concentrations tested as compared with the control. Pathogen growth inhibition was most effective at 30g/100ml, 40g/100ml and 50g/100ml concentrations. The inhibitory action of the extracts increased/decreased with a corresponding increase/decrease in the concentration of the plant extracts. Ethanolic stem bark and leaf extracts of P. biglobosa was found to be more effective in inhibiting the redial growth of the fungal pathogens than those of methanolic extracts, also ethanolic and methanolic stem bark extracts were observed to be more effective in the inhibition of the radial growth of the fungal pathogens than leaf extracts. Phytochemical screening of the extracts revealed the presence of cardiac glycosides, reducing sugars, flavonoids, saponnins and tannins with traces of alkaloids in stem bark extracts while flavonoids, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, saponnins, tannins and terpenoids were present in leaf extracts.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Antimicrobial, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidant Activities of Different Parts from Pterocarpus Santalinoides l’Her. Ex. DC (Fabaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Aimé Cézaire Ayéna ◽  
Kokou Anani ◽  
Kossi Dosseh ◽  
Amegnona Agbonon ◽  
Messanvi Gbeassor
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pterocarpus Santalinoides

Aims. Pterocarpus santalinoides is used in Beninese folk medicine for treatment of gastroenteritis. This study aims to compare the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity of the hydroalcoholic extracts of the leaves, trunk bark, and root. Materials and Methods. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the broth microdilution method on 06 bacterial strains including 03 wild-type strains (Escherichia. coli 0157H, Salmonella sp., and Staphylococcus aureus sp.) and 03 reference strains (E. coli ATCC 25922, S. aureus ATCC 29213, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853), whereas the anti-inflammatory activity was performed by the carrageenan-induced paw edema method on rats. The DPPH-free radical scavenging was used to determine the antioxidant activity. Results. The MICs of the leaf extracts varied from 6.25 to 25 mg/mL for all strains. The MICs of the stem bark extracts were 6.5 to 25 μg/mL for five strains (E. coli 0157H, S. aureus ATCC 25922, Salmonella sp., E. coli ATCC 25922, and P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853) and 3.125 mg/mL for S. aureus. Concerning the root extracts, the MICs varied from 12.5 to 50 mg/mL. The best anti-inflammatory power was obtained with the stem bark extract with the percentages of inhibition of 36.09%, 38.98%, and 39.50%. The DPPH test showed that the hydroethanolic extract of the 03 parts of P. santalinoides has a moderate antiradical power compared to the control which was quercetin. Conclusion. In view of the different pharmacological activity recorded, the extract of the leaves should be recommended to treat patients suffering from gastroenteriditis.

scholarly journals Free radical scavenging ability of Ximenia americana L. stem bark and leaf extracts

2016 ◽  
pp. 091-096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valdil ocirc,a ◽  
Cleyton Sousa ◽  
Adonias Carvalho ◽  
Ant Sant'Ana ◽  
Mariana Chaves
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ximenia Americana ◽  
Radical Scavenging Ability

scholarly journals Antibacterial studies on fruit-skin and leaf extracts of Annona muricata in Ota, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 012029
Author(s):  
Wisdom O. Iyanda-Joel ◽  
Emmanuel A. Omonigbehin ◽  
Emeka E. J. Iweala ◽  
Shalom N. Chinedu
Keyword(s):  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Antibacterial Studies ◽  
Fruit Skin

Effects of stem bark and leaf extracts of Bridelia ferruginea on rat bladder smooth muscle

Fitoterapia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Onoruvwe ◽  
A.O Olayinka ◽  
T.Y Lot ◽  
F.V Udoh
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bladder Smooth Muscle ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Bridelia Ferruginea ◽  
Rat Bladder

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts from the Humiria balsamifera (Aubl)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1479
Author(s):  
Edelson de J. S. Dias ◽  
Antônio J. Cantanhede Filho ◽  
Fernando J. C. Carneiro ◽  
Cláudia Q. da Rocha ◽  
Luís Cláudio N. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Polarity Index ◽  
New Treatments

Humiria balsamifera (Aubl), commonly known as “mirim”, is a plant of the Humiriaceae family, which consists of 39 species divided between eight genera: Duckesia, Endopleura, Humiria, Humiriastrum, Hylocara, Sacoglottis, Schistostemon, and Vantenea. This study aimed to characterize H. balsamifera extracts by LC-MS/MS and evaluate their antimicrobial potential through in vitro and in vivo assays. The leaves and stem bark of H. balsamifera were collected and dried at room temperature and then ground in a knife mill. The extracts were prepared with organic solvents in order to increase the polarity index (hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol). The antimicrobial effects of these extracts were evaluated against the following bacterial strains: Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 15313, Salmonella enterica Typhimurium ATCC 14028, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538. The best activity was observed in the ethyl acetate (EALE = 780 µg/mL), methanol (MLE = 780 µg/mL), and hexane (HLE = 1560 µg/mL) leaf extracts against S. aureus. Considering the results for both antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities, the EALE extract was chosen to proceed to the infection assays, which used Tenebrio molitor larvae. The EALE treatment was able to extend the average lifespan of the larvae (6.5 days) in comparison to S. aureus-infected larvae (1 day). Next, the samples were characterized by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer, allowing the identification of 11 substances, including seven flavonoids, substances whose antimicrobial activity is already well-reported in the literature. The number of bioactive compounds found in the chemical composition of H. balsamifera emphasizes its significance in both traditional medicine and scientific research that studies new treatments based on substances from the Brazilian flora.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Biological Properties of Two Jatropha Species: Different Parts and Different Extraction Methods

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 792
Author(s):  
Gokhan Zengin ◽  
Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally ◽  
Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan ◽  
Gunes Ak ◽  
Ouattara Katinan Etienne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Biological Potential

Jatropha L. species, in particular, J. curcas and J. gossypiifolia, are well known medicinal plants used for treating various diseases. In the present study, leaf and stem bark extracts of J. curcas and J. gossypiifolia obtained by maceration or homogenizer assisted extraction, were investigated for their phytochemical contents and biological potential as antioxidants, enzyme inhibitors and neuromodulators. In this regard, the gene expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was investigated in hypothalamic HypoE22 cells. Finally, a bioinformatics analysis was carried out with the aim to unravel the putative mechanisms consistent with both metabolomic fingerprints and pharmacological effects. The leaf extracts of J. curcas showed higher total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) than the stem bark extracts (range: 5.79–48.95 mg GAE/g and 1.64–13.99 mg RE/g, respectively), while J. gossypiifolia possessed TPC and TFC in the range of 42.62–62.83 mg GAE/g and 6.97–17.63 mg RE/g, respectively. HPLC-MS/MS analysis revealed that the leaf extracts of both species obtained by homogenizer assisted extraction are richer in phytochemical compounds compared to the stem bark extracts obtained by the same extraction method. In vitro antioxidant potentials were also demonstrated in different assays (DPPH: 6.89–193.93 mg TE/g, ABTS: 20.20–255.39 mg TE/g, CUPRAC: 21.07–333.30 mg TE/g, FRAP: 14.02–168.93 mg TE/g, metal chelating activity: 3.21–17.51 mg EDTAE/g and phosphomolybdenum assay: 1.76–3.55 mmol TE/g). In particular, the leaf extract of J. curcas and the stem bark extract of J. gossypiifolia, both obtained by homogenizer assisted extraction, showed the most potent antioxidant capacity in terms of free radical scavenging and reducing activity, which could be related to their higher TPC and TFC. Furthermore, anti-neurodegenerative (acetylcholinesterase inhibition:1.12–2.36 mg GALAE/g; butyrylcholinetserase inhibition: 0.50–3.68 mg GALAE/g), anti-hyperpigmentation (tyrosinase inhibition: 38.14–57.59 mg KAE/g) and antidiabetic (amylase inhibition: 0.28–0.62 mmol ACAE/g; glucosidase inhibition: 0.65–0.81 mmol ACAE/g) properties were displayed differentially by the different extracts. Additionally, the extracts were effective in reducing the gene expression of both TNFα and BDNF, which could be partially mediated by phenolic compounds such as naringenin, apigenin and quercetin. Indeed, the scientific data obtained from the present study complement the several other reports highlighting the pharmacological potentials of these two species, thus supporting their uses as therapeutically active plants.

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