Incidence And Risk Factors Of Cryptosporidium Spp. Infection In Water Buffaloes Confined In A Communal Management System In The Philippines

10.5580/1227 ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brdjanovic ◽  
F. Zakaria ◽  
P. M. Mawioo ◽  
H. A. Garcia ◽  
C. M. Hooijmans ◽  
...  

This paper presents the innovative emergency Sanitation Operation System (eSOS) concept created to improve the entire emergency sanitation chain and provide decent sanitation to people in need. The eSOS kit is described including its components: eSOS smart toilets, an intelligent excreta collection vehicle-tracking system, a decentralized excreta treatment facility, an emergency sanitation coordination center, and an integrated eSOS communication and management system. The paper further deals with costs and the eSOS business model, its challenges, applicability and relevance. The first application, currently taking place in the Philippines will bring valuable insights on the future of the eSOS smart toilet. It is expected that eSOS will bring changes to traditional disaster relief management.


Author(s):  
José Luis Salguero-Romero ◽  
Dora Romero-Salas ◽  
Anabel Cruz-Romero ◽  
Miguel A. Alonso-Díaz ◽  
Mariel Aguilar-Domínguez ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 10-21
Author(s):  
V. G. Zakrzewski ◽  
O. G. Charykova ◽  
Yu. Yu. Golubyatnikova

The article deals with risk management systems at enterprises of the agrarian sector, which represents an organization of economic activity, the purpose of which is to minimize losses and find sources of income. The research organization of the risk management system in the enterprises of agrarian sphere great attention should be paid to the integration of their specific activities. The process of risk management in enterprises consists of the following phases: definition of objectives and parameters for solving the problem of risk; identification of external and internal risk factors; identification of risk factors, risk identification; risk analysis; risk assessment; development and implementation of risk management measures; synthesis of the results of measures taken and preparing proposals. In addition, the risk management system is submitted to us through the introduction of a passport of risk, to enable the formulation and adjustment of economic activity at any stage of its implementation. Under the risk passport of the economic risk refers to a collection of information about risk, risk criteria, as well as guidance on the application of the necessary methods to manage or mitigate the risks. As well as the information in the article was considered in the context of a risk management system. 


2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1933 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Romero Alexandre Alves ◽  
Geilson Manoel de Souza Lima ◽  
José Dêvede da Silva ◽  
Diego Figueiredo da Costa ◽  
Fabrine Alexandre dos Santos ◽  
...  

The transit of infected animals may be a route for the introduction and dispersal of diseases, which necessitates protocols for the controlled entry of infected animals into herds. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of anti-Leptospira and anti-Brucella ovis antibodies in small ruminants sold at an animal fair in the Sertão region of the Pernambuco State, Northeastern Brazil, and to identify the possible risk factors associated with seropositivity. Serum samples were collected from 233 goats and 119 sheep, belonging to twelve different owners from November 2014 to June 2015. Diagnosis of Leptospira spp. infection was established using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT); for B. ovis infection, the agar gel immuno-diffusion (AGID) test was conducted. A total of 16/233 (6.87%; 95% CI = 4.27% – 10.83%) goats and 16/119 (13.45%; 95% CI = 8.67% – 21.24%) sheep were identified as seropositive for Leptospira spp. The most frequent serotype was Icterohaemorrhagiae. In goats, intensive management system (odds ratio = 15.8; p < 0.001) and consorted rearing of equines and goats (odds ratio = 7.3; p = 0.005) were identified as risk factors. There were no risk factors identified for sheep. Seven (5.88%; 95% CI = 2.88% – 11.65%) sheep were seropositive for B. ovis, and the intensive management system was identified as the risk factor (odds ratio = 11.5; p = 0.005). This suggests that Leptospira spp. and B. ovis infections occur in small ruminants commercialized in the Sertão region of the Pernambuco State. Thus, improvements to the sanitary conditions of the facilities and the control of synanthropic rodents are recommended.


2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Sylwanowicz ◽  
Merritt Schreiber ◽  
Craig Anderson ◽  
Carlos Primero D. Gundran ◽  
Emelie Santamaria ◽  
...  

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the ability of a novel responder mental health self-triage system to predict post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in emergency medical responders after a disaster.MethodsParticipants in this study responded to Typhoon Haiyan, which struck the Philippines in November 2013. They completed the Psychological Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (PsySTART) responder triage tool, the PTSD Checklist (PCL-5) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8) shortly after responding to this disaster. The relationships between these 3 tools were compared to determine the association between different risk exposures while providing disaster medical care and subsequent levels of PTSD or depression.ResultsThe total number of PsySTART responder risk factors was closely related to PCL-5 scores ≥38, the threshold for clinical PTSD. Several of the PsySTART risk factors were predictive of clinical levels of PTSD as measured by the PCL-5 in this sample of deployed emergency medical responders.ConclusionsThe presence of a critical number and type of PsySTART responder self-triage risk factors predicted clinical levels of PTSD and subclinical depression in this sample of emergency medical workers. The ability to identify these disorders early can help categorize an at-risk subset for further timely “stepped care” interventions with the goals of both mitigating the long-term consequences and maximizing the return to resilience. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:19–22)


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