scholarly journals Cutaneous Anthrax: Evaluation of 27 Cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 572-578
Author(s):  
Tuğçe Şahin ◽  
Ayşe Çevirme
Keyword(s):  
Infected Animal ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Infected Blood ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Physical Examinations ◽  
Cutaneous Anthrax ◽  
Penicillin Treatment ◽  
Preventive Methods

Introduction: While the incidence of anthrax is decreasing in Turkey, it is still endemic in some regions of the country. In this study, it was aimed to develop preventive methods by determining the characteristics of cutaneous anthrax after assessing the literature over the last six years (2013-2019) of cutaneous anthrax cases in Turkey. Materials and Methods: The studies carried out in the last six years on cutaneous anthrax were examined retrospectively. Diagnosis, physical examinations, vital signs, laboratory results, medical treatments of the evaluated cases were performed and tables on demographic characteristics were developed. Results: Patients' age ranged from 8 to 65 years. A total of 13 patients (48.1%) who were assessed were males. The source of infection was contact with infected animal and its products in 23 cases (85.2%), husbandry in 2 cases (7.4%), contact with infected blood in one case (3.7%), and being in the same environment with an anthrax diagnosed patient in one case (3.7%). As a result of microbiological investigations, it was found out that 10 patients (37%) had Bacillus anthracis. All patients received penicillin treatment. Only three patients were surgically treated. Treatment resulted in recovery in 26 cases. Conclusion: In order to prevent the disease, preventive measures such as training of risky individuals dealing with animal husbandry and vaccination of animals will reduce the incidence of the disease.

scholarly journals Prevalence assessment of ectoparasitic arthropods among commonly consumed wildlife in Nsukka, southeast Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kingsley Uchenna Ozioko ◽  
Chris Ikem Okoye ◽  
Patience Obiageli Ubachukwu ◽  
Raymond Awudu Agbu ◽  
Bede Izuchukwu Ezewudo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Wild Game ◽  
Wildlife Reservoirs ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Ixodes Holocyclus ◽  
Public Health Significance ◽  
Physical Examinations ◽  
Health Significance ◽  
Vector Borne

Abstract Background Wildlife reservoirs not only act as a source of infection for vectors but also serve as hosts for the vectors themselves, supporting their populations. Their public health significance in developing countries is of growing importance as a result of zoonotic and enzootic diseases associated with the pathogens they transmit. Therefore, a study was carried out to determine the prevalence of ectoparasites of wild game in Nsukka, southeast Nigeria. Physical examinations were carried out on 143 wildlife, and laboratory identification was employed on the ectoparasites. The collected ectoparasites were identified in the laboratory using literature and with the help of a taxonomist. Results Out of the 143 game examined, 114 was infected with at least one parasite representing about 98.6% of an infestation. Among the parasites identified, Amblyomma spp. showed the highest prevalence of 24.5% at 95% confidential intervals of CI (1.45–3.19)–24.5% (p ≤ 0.05). No difference was observed in the prevalence of the ectoparasites according to sex, except for Ixodes holocyclus. Similarly, no difference was observed in prevalence with reference to age except for Rhipicephalus spp. and Polyplax spinulosa which showed differences. Conclusions The present study provides basic data about the most prevalent ectoparasitic arthropod among game in Nsukka, southeast Nigeria, which requires an evaluation of its zoonotic control measures. This work can elicit the risk of possible transmission of some zoonotic and enzootic diseases via game. Improving awareness among local people and bushmeat dealers about the risk of contracting a vector-borne disease through wildlife is crucial.

scholarly journals A computer simulation of the transmission dynamics and the effects of duration of immunity and survival of persistently infected animals on the spread of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in dairy cattle

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. INNOCENT ◽  
I. MORRISON ◽  
J. BROWNLIE ◽  
G. GETTINBY
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Infected Animal ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Transmission Dynamics ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Persistently Infected ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Spread Of Infection

This paper describes a computer model that mimics the spread of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infection through a closed herd. The model is able to simulate the spread of infection when a persistently infected (PI) animal is introduced into an infection-free herd, and it is used to investigate the role of persistently infected animals, seroconverting animals, loss of PI calves and duration of immunity on the level of infection within the herd. Under typical management conditions one persistently infected animal poses a real threat to a herd, and the prospect of the herd becoming infection free in a 10-year period without intervention is remote. Seroconverting animals are found to be an important source of infection in herds with few immune animals. The increased loss of PI calves is likely to restrict the numbers of PI animals in a herd, and loss of immunity is important since it increases the possibility of a PI calf being born.

scholarly journals Determination of Isolated Salmonella Bacteria from Infected Animal Husbandry of Malayer City with using Molecular Methods

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Alireza Khakzad ◽  
Fatemeh Keshavarzi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Infected Animal ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Sequence Elements ◽  
Pcr Method

Salmonella species are gram negative bacteria and members of Enterobacteriaceae family. It has a rod-shaped appearance; it is catalase positive, oxidase negative, non-spore. Salmonella classified into two species, Salmonella Enterica and Salmonella Bangori. Salmonella is now one of the main reasons of diarrhea and vomiting in humans in many countries and especially in industrialized. In a study in Japan 164 Salmonella digestions were collected during 2006 to 2008 which 81 digestions were Salmonella Infantis. Salmonella-specific characteristics are studied in the two phenotype and genotype methods. In this research, with using genotype methods based on PCR, genetic diversity was evaluated; this PCR includes rep-PCR based on repetitive sequence elements (method was done by the use of three primers ERIC, REP and BOX). Studied showed most isolated strains were relevant to Salmonella Enteritidis and dendorogram study showed that the bacteria were grouped in one cluster in dendrogram that all 37 strains were put in a large cluster of Salmonella’s type which is divided into two clusters: Salmonella Enterica and Bongori. The results also in this experiment reflect the efficiency of rep-PCR method by using three ERIC, REP and BOX primers.

scholarly journals Intraperitoneal Bladder Stones Following Transurethral Cystolithotripsy: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Tse Hsiao ◽  
Wan-Ching Lien
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Bladder Rupture ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bladder Stones ◽  
Physical Examinations

Abstract Background:Bladder stones are common diseases, constituting 5% of urinary stones. However, iatrogenic bladder rupture with intraperitoneal bladder stones is a rare complication after a transurethral cystolithotripsy (TUCL).Case presentation:A 73-year-old male was sent to the emergency department (ED) with presentations of dyspnea and hematuria after receiving a transurethral cystolithotripsy(TUCL) with laser. Upon arrival, his vital signs were relatively stable. An abdominal X-ray showed a radiopaque lesion within the pelvis. Physical examinations showed diffuse abdominal tenderness with muscle guarding. The initial focused assessment of sonography for trauma (FAST) was positive. Computed tomography (CT) revealed bladder rupture with intraperitoneal bladder stones. The patient received conservative supportive care with antibiotics and foley drainage and was discharged 3 weeks later smoothly.Conclusion:For emergency physicians, bladder rupture should be taken into consideration in patients with intraperitoneal bladder stones following TUCL. Computed tomography remains a standard of diagnosis although ultrasonography is a convenient screening tool for ascites.

scholarly journals Intraperitoneal Bladder Stones Following Transurethral Cystolithotripsy: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Tse Hsiao ◽  
Wan-Ching Lien
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Bladder Rupture ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bladder Stones ◽  
Physical Examinations

Abstract Background:Bladder stones are common diseases, constituting 5% of urinary stones. However, iatrogenic bladder rupture with intraperitoneal bladder stones is a rare complication after a transurethral cystolithotripsy (TUCL).Case presentation:A 73-year-old male was sent to the emergency department (ED) with presentations of dyspnea and hematuria after receiving a transurethral cystolithotripsy(TUCL) with laser. Upon arrival, his vital signs were relatively stable. An abdominal X-ray showed a radiopaque lesion within the pelvis. Physical examinations showed diffuse abdominal tenderness with muscle guarding. The initial focused assessment of sonography for trauma (FAST) was positive. Computed tomography (CT) revealed bladder rupture with intraperitoneal bladder stones. The patient received conservative supportive care with antibiotics and foley drainage and was discharged 3 weeks later smoothly.Conclusion:For emergency physicians, bladder rupture should be taken into consideration in patients with intraperitoneal bladder stones following TUCL. Computed tomography remains a standard of diagnosis although ultrasonography is a convenient screening tool for ascites.

scholarly journals Undiagnosed Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Presenting as Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad K. Rahal ◽  
Justin Fernandez ◽  
Christopher Dakhil
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Malar Rash ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Normal Limits

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is rarely diagnosed in adults. Incidence is reported as one case per million persons per year. It can be triggered by conditions that affect immune homeostasis as infections, malignancies, and rheumatologic disorders. The following case demonstrates a rare instance in which undiagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) presented as HLH. A 28-year-old male presented with progressive weakness and recurrent fevers for 2 months. Vital signs were within normal limits except for temperature of 100.3°F. His exam was unremarkable except for a left cervical scar and malar rash. His labs showed pancytopenia with neutropenia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypofibrinogenemia, and hyperferritinemia. Hemophagocytosis was present on bone marrow biopsy. All workup for a source of infection was negative. A tentative diagnosis of HLH was made based on clinical presentation and laboratory data. The patient was treated with an HLH protocol. Later, it was determined that his HLH was actually secondary to a primary diagnosis of SLE. The patient was treated for SLE with an immunosuppressive regimen of cyclosporine and dexamethasone, and he improved dramatically. HLH rarely presents due to a rheumatologic condition such as SLE. Physicians should consider testing for SLE in patients diagnosed with HLH.

scholarly journals Mycobacterium bovis meningitis together with systemic brucellosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuğçe Başarı ◽  
◽  
Elif Tükenmez Tigen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Infected Animal ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Zoonotic Pathogens ◽  
Zoonotic Bacteria

M. bovis and Brucella spp. are zoonotic bacteria that can infect humans. These pathogens are usually seen in people who are primarily engaged in animal husbandry and consume infected animal products separately. Although our country is endemic for tuberculosis and brucellosis, it is rare to detect these two pathogens concomitantly. Thus, the case is instructive and unusual in terms of the coexistence of two concomitant zoonotic pathogens. Keywords: M. bovis; meningitis; brucellosis; concomitant.

STUDY OF THE ACUTE TOXICITY OF AQUADES-NUK PRODUCTS 5

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg P. Pugach ◽  
Alexander M. Lunegov ◽  
Irina V. Lunegova
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Susceptible Organism

In the system of veterinary and sanitary measures, disinfection occupies one of the important places, contributing to ensuring the welfare of animal husbandry against infectious diseases, increasing the productivity of animals, poultry and the sanitary quality of products, raw materials and animal feed. The main purpose of disinfection is to break the epizootic chain by influencing its most important link - the factor of transmission of the causative agent of the disease from the source of infection to the susceptible organism. Based on the foregoing, we were assigned the goal of studying the characteristics of the new domestic disinfectant AQUAdez-NUK 5, and to achieve this goal, one of the tasks was to study acute toxicity. In order to study the acute toxicity of AQUAdes-NUK 5 when administered orally, experiments were carried out on male Wister white rats weighing 220-230 g. at doses of 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5500 mg / kg. For the experiments, the rats were divided into groups of 10 animals. 10 animals were used to study each dosage for each disinfectant. One group of ten animals served as a control, which was injected with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. The disinfectant was injected in pure form. After administration, the laboratory animals were monitored for two weeks. The experiment took into account the death of animals and the clinical picture of intoxication. In the course of laboratory studies, we determined that AQUAdez-NUK 5 belongs to the III hazard class in accordance with GOST 12.1.007-76 (moderately hazardous compounds), as well as the presence of a weak irritant effect, and therefore we took appropriate safety measures during work with this disinfectant.

Validation of the Pediatric Physiological and Anatomical Triage Score in Injured Pediatric Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (04) ◽  
pp. 363-369
Author(s):  
Takashi Muguruma ◽  
Chiaki Toida ◽  
Shintaro Furugori ◽  
Takeru Abe ◽  
Ichiro Takeuchi
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Priority Ranking ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Revised Trauma Score ◽  
Trauma Score ◽  
Japan Trauma Data Bank

AbstractIntroduction:Triaging plays an important role in providing suitable care to a large number of casualties in a disaster setting. A Pediatric Physiological and Anatomical Triage Score (PPATS) was developed as a new secondary triage method. This study aimed to validate the accuracy of the PPATS in identifying injured pediatric patients who are admitted at a high frequency and require immediate treatment in a disaster setting. The PPATS method was also compared with the current triage methods, such as the Triage Revised Trauma Score (TRTS).Methods:A retrospective review of pediatric patients aged ≤15 years, registered in the Japan Trauma Data Bank (JTDB) from 2012 through 2016, was conducted and PPATS was performed. The PPATS method graded patients from zero to 22, and was calculated based on vital signs, anatomical abnormalities, and the need for life-saving interventions. It categorized patients based on their priority, and the intensive care unit (ICU)-indicated patients were assigned a PPATS ≥six. The accuracy of PPATS and TRTS in predicting the outcome of ICU-indicated patients was compared.Results:Of 2,005 pediatric patients, 1,002 (50%) were admitted to the ICU. The median age of the patients was nine years (interquartile range [IQR]: 6-13 years). The sensitivity and specificity of PPATS were 78.6% and 43.7%, respectively. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was larger for PPATS (0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59-0.63) than for TRTS (0.57; 95% CI, 0.56-0.59; P <.01). Regression analysis showed a significant correlation between PPATS and the Injury Severity Score (ISS; r2 = 0.353; P <.001), predicted survival rate (r2 = 0.396; P <.001), and duration of hospital stay (r2 = 0.252; P <.001).Conclusion:The accuracy of PPATS for injured pediatric patients was superior to that of current secondary triage methods. The PPATS method is useful not only for identifying high-priority patients, but also for determining the priority ranking for medical treatments and evacuation.

scholarly journals The incidence of brucellosis clinical and latent among various groups of the population

1938 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Beattle
Keyword(s):  
Latent Infection ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
Agglutination Reaction ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Veterinary Students ◽  
Post Graduate ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Veterinary Profession ◽  
Natural Concentration

1. The population as a whole is exposed to Brucella infection by the consumption of infected milk. This does not appear to be a very potent source of infection as relatively few clinical cases of brucellosis occur, nor are many latent infections discovered by the agglutination reaction.2. Those exposed to contact with infected animals or meat, as are farm workers, slaughterers and butchers, run a greater risk of contracting infection. The risk is not, however, markedly increased when the contact is limited to the handling of carcasses or meat, milking or ordinary animal husbandry.3. Members of the veterinary profession, who assist in calving and remove placentas from infected cows are exposed to the greatest risk of infection. They come in contact with the greatest natural concentration of Br. abortus through the most dangerous route, the skin. Clinical brucellosis is not common among them, but many contract latent infection. 58·3% of post-graduate and 10·8% of undergraduate veterinary students were found to have agglutinins for Br. abortus in their serum. This should be borne in mind when a diagnosis of undulant fever is considered in a member of the veterinary profession.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document