scholarly journals CLAY MINERAL COMPOSITIONS IN RECENT MARINE SEDIMENTS AROUND NANSEI-SYOTO ISLANDS, SOUTH OF KYUSYU, JAPAN

1974 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
SABURO AOKI ◽  
KAORU OINUMA
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Mineral Compositions

Clay mineral compositions in surface sediments of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna river system of Bengal Basin, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 412 ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Hafijur Rahaman Khan ◽  
Jianguo Liu ◽  
Shengfa Liu ◽  
Ashraf Ali Seddique ◽  
Li Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
River System ◽  
Bengal Basin ◽  
Mineral Compositions ◽  
The Ganges

scholarly journals Elemental Compositions of Smectites Reveal Detailed Sediment Provenance Changes during Glacial and Interglacial Periods: The Southern Drake Passage and Bellingshausen Sea, Antarctica

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Park ◽  
Jae Lee ◽  
Jaewoo Jung ◽  
Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand ◽  
Kyu-Cheul Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Drake Passage ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Sediment Provenance ◽  
Elemental Compositions ◽  
Bellingshausen Sea ◽  
Mineral Assemblages ◽  
Different Sources

Variations in clay mineral assemblages have been widely used to understand changes in sediment provenance during glacial and interglacial periods. Smectite clay minerals, however, have a range of various elemental compositions that possibly originated from multiple different sources. Therefore, it might be crucial to distinguish the various types of smectites by analyzing their elemental composition in order to verify the sediment provenances with certainty. This hypothesis was tested for the clay mineral characteristics in a marine sediment core from the southern Drake Passage (GC05-DP02). Rare earth elements and ε N d data had previously indicated that fine grained detritus was supplied from the Weddell Sea to the core site during interglacial periods, when the sediments contained more Al-rich smectite (montmorillonite). Indeed, marine sediments collected close to the Larsen Ice Shelf on the eastern Antarctic Peninsula continental shelf, western Weddell Sea embayment, show more Al-rich smectite components as compared with other possible West Antarctic sources, such as the Ross Sea embayment or King George Island, South Shetland Islands. Furthermore, two types of smectite (Al-rich and Al-poor) were identified in core GC360 from the Bellingshausen Sea shelf, suggesting that during glacial periods some sediment is derived from subglacial erosion of underlying pre-Oligocene sedimentary strata containing predominantly Al-rich montmorillonite. This finding reveals different sources for smectites in sediments deposited at site GC360 during the last glacial period and during the present interglacial that show only minor differences in smectite contents. For the interglacial period, two groups of smectite with a wide range of Al-rich and Mg–Fe-rich were identified, which indicate delivery from two different sources: (1) the detritus with high contents of Mg–Fe-rich smectite supplied from Beethoven Peninsula, southwestern Alexander island and (2) the detritus with higher contents of Al-rich smectite (montmorillonite) possibly derived from the subglacial reworking of pre-Oligocene sedimentary strata. These results demonstrate that the elemental compositions of smectites can be used to differentiate the sources of smectites in marine sediments, which is an important tool to define sediment provenance in detail, when down-core changes observed in clay mineral assemblages are interpreted.

Identification of thermal anomalies using clay mineral composition

Clay Minerals ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Mathieu ◽  
B. Velde
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Empirical Relation ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Burial History ◽  
Paris Basin ◽  
Thermal Anomalies ◽  
Continuous Sequence ◽  
Mineral Compositions ◽  
Thermal Histories ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractAnalysis of the smectite content of mixed-layer illite/smectite minerals in 4 wells in the Paris Basin indicates that the sediments have not experienced the same thermal history throughout their burial history. Reconstruction of the total burial depths and thermal maxima for the sediments in the different levels of the wells indicates that the present-day depth-temperature relations reflect the existence of the same continuous sequence of diagenetic change in 2 of the wells. An empirical relation giving smectite content as a function of maximum paleotemperature was derived. A strong break in the clay mineral compositions in the upper levels of 2 wells at a third site indicated an anomaly in the diagenesis process. This break in the sequence of clay diagenetic transformation can be traced to major subvertical faults which cross-cut the wells. These anomalies are attributed to the faults which are assumed to have acted as thermal drains towards the surface, locally increasing the temperature of the sediments for a major portion of the burial history when the faults were active. Closure of the fault system coincides with the return to a normal pattern in clay diagenesis for sediments in the upper portions of the wells. It is concluded that clays may be used to trace thermal histories of sediments in a sedimentary basin.

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