scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CELLS BY MEANS OF AN ELASTIC METRIC IN THE SHAPE SPACE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Epifanio ◽  
Ximo Gual-Arnau ◽  
Silena Herold-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Feature Space ◽  
Shape Space ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Planar Curves ◽  
Infinite Dimensional ◽  
First Time

Shape analysis is of great importance in many fields, such as computer vision, medical imaging, and computational biology. This analysis can be performed considering shapes as closed planar curves in the shape space. This approach has been used for the first time to obtain the morphological classification of erythrocytes in digital images of sickle cell disease considering the shape space S1, which has the property of being isometric to an infinite-dimensional Grassmann manifold of two-dimensional subspaces (Younes et al., 2008), without taking advantage of all the features offered by the elastic metric related to the possibility of stretching and bending of the curves. In this paper, we study this deformation in the shape space, S2, which is based on the representation of closed planar curves by means of the square-root velocity function (SRVF) (Srivastava et al., 2011), using the elastic metric of this space to obtain more efficient geodesics and geodesic lengths between planar curves. Supervised classification with this approach achieved an accuracy of 94.3%, classification using templates achieved 94.2% and unsupervised clustering in three groups achieved 94.7%, considering three classes of erythrocytes: normal, sickle, and with other deformations. These results are better than those previously achieved in the morphological analysis of erythrocytes and the method can be used in different applications related to the treatment of sickle cell disease, even in cases where it is necessary to study the process of evolution of the deformation, something that can not be done in a natural way in the feature space.

scholarly journals New classification of peripheral retinal vascular changes in sickle cell disease.

1994 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
pp. 681-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
A D Penman ◽  
J F Talbot ◽  
E L Chuang ◽  
P Thomas ◽  
G R Serjeant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Vascular Changes ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
New Classification

The Process of Acquiring Health Education for First Time Parents of an Infant with Sickle Cell Disease

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 4282-4282
Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. Lebensburger ◽  
Jessica Altice ◽  
Nataliya Ivankova
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Parent Education ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Clinic Visit ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Early Health ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time ◽  
Video Education

Abstract Abstract 4282 Background: It is vital for parents of a newly diagnosed infant with sickle cell disease to quickly acquire accurate health education about medical decision making. Parents obtain health education from several sources including health care professionals, peers and self directed education (internet, books). Objectives: This exploratory sequential mixed methods research project was designed to understand the parent perspective related to the process of acquiring health education about sickle cell disease. The qualitative goals focused on identifying categories and themes about the process of parent education. The quantitative goals focused on confirming these themes so that results could be generalized to a larger population. Methods: Eight parents of children with sickle cell disease and no prior experience caring for a child with sickle cell disease participated in semi-structured individual interviews. Four researchers independently coded interview transcripts (In Vivo coding) to capture unique, purposeful statements made by parents. Sixty four codes agreed upon by the four researchers were entered into a final codebook. Codes were organized into categories and themes and recategorized until the four researchers unanimously agreed upon the final categories and themes. The validity of the qualitative findings was attained through triangulation, inter-coder agreement, and peer review. The results of the qualitative arm of the study were confirmed by collecting and analyzing quantitative surveys of 22 parents of infants with sickle cell disease. Results: Four themes were identified from the parent interviews: Fear of Disease, Self Education, Experience with Video Education, and Trust of Sources. The greatest motivator for parent education was fear of the disease in their child (27 of 64 final codes were related to fear of disease). The high level of fear of the disease played a strong role in promoting parent's desire to acquire health education. Prior to arriving for a first visit in sickle cell clinic, parents had acquired self education using the internet, sickle cell pamphlets, library books, and peer education. The use of a video education program at our institution provided a high level of health education for the majority of patients and stimulated parents to pursue self health education topics they had not previously considered. Finally, parents expressed a high level of trust with multiple sources when health education focused on identifying sickle cell complication and course of disease. The level of trust decreased when therapeutic interventions were discussed (penicillin). The results from the surveys confirmed these findings as 81% of parents obtained health information prior to their first visit and 95% recommended that information be sent to them at time of diagnosis rather than waiting until their child's first sickle cell clinic visit. Trusted internet sites and educational pamphlets were identified by parents to be the most useful information for early health education and names of parents of children with sickle cell (peer education) was identified to be the least desirable means to acquire early health education. Conclusion: First time parents of children with sickle cell disease express a strong desire to acquire health education prior to their first sickle cell visit due to a fear of the disease. Interventions to enhance parents' understanding of sickle cell disease can begin at the time of diagnosis rather than the first sickle cell clinic visit. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Cochlear and Neural Diseases: Classification and Oto-Audiologic Correlations

1974 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Marcus
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Alport's Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Classification ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Alport’S Syndrome ◽  
Pathologic Findings ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Neural Diseases

An extended clinical classification of cochlear and neural disease is presented along with an anatomical definition of corresponding cochlear and neural compartments. The clinical classification has three categories: prenatal, neonatal, and delayed, with each subdivided into genetic and acquired groups. The cochlear and neural compartments are arbitrarily divided at the habenula perforata with the unmyelinated dendrites considered part of the cochlear compartment. This allows a clinical reconciliation of cochlear and neural disease with oto-audiologic and pathologic findings. Patients are presented with Alport's syndrome, meningitis and obliterative labyrinthitis, mumps, diabetes and sickle cell disease to illustrate the clinical classification. Pathologic correlations are postulated in each of the patients.

The Interaction of UGT1A, HO1 and α-Thalassemia Variants with Bilirubin Levels and Gallstones in Sickle Cell Disease.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 1202-1202
Author(s):  
Nisha Vasavda ◽  
Stephan Menzel ◽  
Sheila Kondaveeti ◽  
Emma Maytham ◽  
Moji Awogbade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Repeat Length ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rate Limiting

Abstract Chronic hyperbilirubinemia is common in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), frequently resulting in the formation of gallstones. This hyperbilirubinemia (predominantly unconjugated) is attributed to hemolysis that exceeds the conjugating capacity of the hepatic UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT1A) enzyme. Previous studies have shown that genetic variants ([TA]n repeats) in the promoter region of the UGT1A gene have a major influence on the levels of bilirubin and gallstones. Alpha-thalassemia, which is associated with reduced hemolysis, has also been shown to affect bilirubin levels. Another potential modulating factor is heme-oxygenase, a rate-limiting enzyme in the heme catabolic pathway that results in the production of bilirubin. While the severity of jaundice and cholelithiasis in patients with SCD is predisposed by the inheritance of certain variants of the UGT1A gene, inconsistencies have been observed. We propose that some of these inconsistencies may be explained by the modulating effects of genetic variants of HO1 and α-thalassemia. A total of 263 patients with SCD attending specialist clinics in two hospitals were studied: King’s 116 SS, 5 Sβ0 and 59 SC; St Thomas’ 83 SS. 81 ethnically matched subjects were recruited as controls (HbAA). Groups were age and sex matched. Cholelithiasis data, ascertained by liver ultrasound, was available for a subset of SCD patients (76 SS, 4 SC). Samples were genotyped for variants of UGT1A, HO1 and α-thalassemia. The different genetic allele distributions were statistically similar between groups. Data was analysed according to the sum of [TA] repeats on both alleles of UGT1A. A range of 10–15 [TA] repeats was observed. For HO1, the median sum of repeats on both alleles was 63, so samples were grouped as <63 or ≥ 63. α-thalassemia genotypes were as follows: SS, 127 αα/αα, 55 αα/α-, 11 α-/α-; SC, 37 αα/αα, 20 αα/α-; controls 51 αα/αα, 22 αα/α-, 4 α-/α-. Median bilirubin levels varied as expected between groups according to β-globin genotype and were as follows: King’s SS 42 (15–269.5); St Thomas’ SS 52.5 (15.5–696.5); King’s SC 22 (10–81.8); AA Controls 10 (5–24), median (range) mmol/L. Regression analysis showed that serum bilirubin levels were strongly associated with UGT1A repeat length in all subjects (p<0.0001). Furthermore, the increase in serum bilirubin (21.3% mean for SS/Sβ0, 20.5% for SC) and cholelithiasis risk odds (86.5% mean for SS/Sβ0, 67.6% for SC) could be quantified per [TA] repeat. HO1 genotype did not affect serum bilirubin in SCD patients or the control cohort. The presence of α- thalassemia correlated (negatively) with serum bilirubin in SCD patients (p<0.0001) but not controls. This is the first time the relationship between UGT1A [TA] repeat length, serum bilirubin and cholelithiasis has been shown quantitatively. Additionally, co-existing α-thalassemia appears to moderate bilirubin levels but HO1 variants do not.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Dysfunction of the Vascular Permeability Barrier in Transgenic Mice with Sickle Cell Disease

Anemia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samit Ghosh ◽  
Fang Tan ◽  
Solomon F. Ofori-Acquah
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Vascular Permeability ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Permeability Barrier ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Free Hemoglobin ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunctions ◽  
First Time ◽  
Vasoactive Agonists

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is characterized by chronic intravascular hemolysis that generates excess cell-free hemoglobin in the blood circulation. Hemoglobin causes multiple endothelial dysfunctions including increased vascular permeability, impaired reactivity to vasoactive agonists, and increased adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelium. While the adhesive and vasomotor defects of SCD associated with cell-free hemoglobin are well defined, the vascular permeability phenotype remains poorly appreciated. We addressed this issue in two widely used and clinically relevant mouse models of SCD. We discovered that the endothelial barrier is normal in most organs in the young but deteriorates with aging particularly in the lung. Indeed, middle-aged sickle mice developed pulmonary edema revealing for the first time similarities in the chronic permeability phenotypes of the lung in mice and humans with SCD. Intravenous administration of lysed red blood cells into the circulation of sickle mice increased vascular permeability significantly in the lung without impacting permeability in other organs. Thus, increased vascular permeability is an endothelial dysfunction of SCD with the barrier in the lung likely the most vulnerable to acute inflammation.

scholarly journals Validity of International Classification of Diseases Codes for Sickle Cell Trait and Sickle Cell Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1323-1324
Author(s):  
Kabir O. Olaniran ◽  
Harish Seethapathy ◽  
Sophia H. Zhao ◽  
Andrew S. Allegretti ◽  
Sahir Kalim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Trait ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Classification Of Diseases

scholarly journals Patients with sickle cell disease are frequently excluded from the benefits of transcranial doppler screening for the risk of stroke despite extensive and compelling evidence

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Laranja Gomes Rodrigues ◽  
Samuel Ademola Adegoke ◽  
Rejane de Souza Macedo Campos ◽  
Josefina Aparecida Pellegrini Braga ◽  
Maria Stella Figueiredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Stroke Prevention ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
First Time ◽  
Missed Opportunity

ABSTRACT Transcranial doppler (TCD) is a strategic component of primary stroke prevention in children with sickle cell disease (SCD). This study was conducted to examine the TCD characteristics of children with SCD in nine different medical centers in Brazil. Methods: Transcranial doppler was performed in accordance with the Stroke Prevention Trial in Sickle Cell Anemia Protocol. Results: Of the 396 patients, 69.5% had homozygous SS hemoglobin. The TCD result was abnormal in 4.8%, conditional in 12.6%, inadequate in 4.3% and abnormally low in 1% of patients. The highest mean flow velocities were 121±23.83cm/s and 124±27.21cm/s in the left and right middle cerebral artery respectively. A total of 28.8% patients (mean age 9.19±5.92 years) were evaluated with TCD for the first time. Conclusions: The SCD patients were evaluated with TCD at an older age, representing an important missed opportunity for stroke prevention. Since TCD screening in patients with SCD is important to detect those at high risk for stroke, it is recommended that this screening should be made more readily available.

Hospital Use and Mortality in Transition-Aged Patients With Sickle Cell Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Titilope Fasipe ◽  
Deepa Dongarwar ◽  
Elyse Lopez ◽  
Ria Brown ◽  
Megan Abadom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Classification Of Diseases

OBJECTIVES Childhood mortality in sickle cell disease (SCD) has decreased, but the transition period is associated with poor outcomes and higher mortality rates. We analyzed recent US hospitalizations and mortality trends in the transition-aged population and evaluated for differences between patients with and without SCD. METHODS Nationwide Inpatient Sample database was used to analyze hospitalizations among individuals aged 16 to 24 years from 2003 to 2017. Diagnoses were coded by using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification and International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification. We performed bivariate analyses to assess associations between sociodemographic characteristics and SCD hospitalizations, joinpoint regression analysis to describe mortality rate trends in SCD hospitalizations, and adjusted survey logistic regression to assess associations between patient characteristics and in-hospital mortality among transition-aged SCD and non-SCD-related hospitalizations. RESULTS There were 37 344 532 hospital encounters of patients aged 16 to 24 years during 2003–2017; both SCD and non-SCD hospitalizations increased with age. Female patients accounted for 78% of non-SCD and 54.9% of SCD hospitalizations. Although there was a +3.2% average annual percent change in SCD hospitalizations, total SCD in-hospital mortality rates did not have a statistically significant increase in average annual percent change over the study period. Patients with SCD aged 19 to 21 and 22 to 24 were more likely to suffer in-hospital mortality than those aged 16 to 18 (odds ratio = 2.09 and 2.71, respectively); the increased odds in mortality by age were not seen in our non-SCD population. CONCLUSIONS Transition-aged hospitalizations increase with age, but SCD hospitalizations have disparate age-related mortality rates. Hospital-based comprehensive care models are vital to address the persistent burden of early adulthood mortality in SCD.

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