ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT OF PLANTAGO SP ETHANOLIC EXTRACT IN MURINE RAW264.7 MACROPHAGE CELLS

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
N V Ay ◽  
Altantsetseg Kh ◽  
Enkhchimeg V ◽  
Baatartsogt O
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
No Production ◽  
Griess Reagent ◽  
Macrophage Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Besides being recorded as a traditional medicine, nowadays, plantain plants (Plantago sp.) are appreciated in many more aspects. Plantain is a name applied both to a drug and to a vegetable in a number of countries as Vietnam, China, Cambodia, Laos and North American Indians [9, 13]. Plantago sp. traditionally used for treating wound, fever and inflammation in Asia. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extracts of Plantago sp. including P. major L. and P. depressa Willd. on RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. Cells were treated with different concentration of the PAE extract (50, 100, 200, 400 μg/mL) with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation to evaluate its effect on cell viability, using CCK-8 assay. Nitric oxide (NO) production was assessed by Griess reagent on LPS-stimulated cells using preceding PEE treatment. Furthermore, mRNA expression of inflammmatory-related genes were evaluated by RT-PCR analysis. The results revealed that PEE treatment increased cell viability in naive cells whereas inhibited cell profileration in LPS-stimulated cell dose-dependently. In addition, NO emission and mRNA level of IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS, COX-2 and NF-κB decreased by dose dependant manner. As summary, PEE exhibits anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators mRNA expression in macrophages.

scholarly journals Chlorogenic Acid Potentiates the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Curcumin in LPS-Stimulated THP-1 Cells

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akshay Bisht ◽  
Martin Dickens ◽  
Kay Rutherfurd-Markwick ◽  
Rohith Thota ◽  
Anthony N. Mutukumira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin are well documented. However, the bioavailability of curcumin is a major barrier to its biological efficacy. Low-dose combination of complimentary bioactives appears to be an attractive strategy for limiting barriers to efficacy of bioactive compounds. In this study, the anti-inflammatory potential of curcumin in combination with chlorogenic acid (CGA), was investigated using human THP-1 macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Curcumin alone suppressed TNF-α production in a dose-dependent manner with a decrease in cell viability at higher doses. Although treatment with CGA alone had no effect on TNF-α production, it however enhanced cell viability and co-administration with curcumin at a 1:1 ratio caused a synergistic reduction in TNF-α production with no impact on cell viability. Furthermore, an qRT-PCR analysis of NF-κB pathway components and inflammatory biomarkers indicated that CGA alone was not effective in reducing the mRNA expression of any of the tested inflammatory marker genes, except TLR-4. However, co-administration of CGA with curcumin, potentiated the anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin. Curcumin and CGA together reduced the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines [TNF-α (~88%) and IL-6 (~99%)], and COX-2 (~92%), possibly by suppression of NF-κB (~78%), IκB-β-kinase (~60%) and TLR-4 receptor (~72%) at the mRNA level. Overall, co-administration with CGA improved the inflammation-lowering effects of curcumin in THP-1 cells.

scholarly journals Hydrolase-treated royal jelly attenuates LPS-induced inflammation and IgE-antigen-mediated allergic reaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Worrapanit Chansuwan ◽  
Matthawan Khamhae ◽  
Nualpun Sirinupong
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Reaction ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Severe Allergic Reaction ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
No Production ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Macrophage Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Raw264.7 Macrophage

Background: Royal jelly (RJ) is one of the most effectual and beneficial remedies for human beings and currently utilized in many sectors, ranging from the pharmaceutical and food industries to cosmetic and manufacturing sectors due to RJ possessing many bio-therapeutical activities including anti-tumor, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, vasodilative and hypotensive activities, as well as growth-stimulating, infection-preventing, anti-hypercholesterolemic and anti-inflammatory activities. However, some reports showing direct consumption of RJ can lead to severe allergic reaction and has been linked with acute asthma, dermatitis, and life-threatening anaphylaxis. Thus, this research purposes to explore the potential anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activities of hydrolyzed RJ as a function of enzyme and the extent of hydrolysis.Methods: RJ was enzymatically hydrolyzed with three commercial enzymes (AlcalaseÒ, FlavourzymeÒ and ProtamexÒ). Anti-inflammatory activity of the hydrolysates was measured by their inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Anti-allergy was determined from the ability of the hydrolysates to inhibit b-hexsosaminidase (b-HEX) release from RBL-2H3 mast cells. Cytotoxicity was also investigated in both RAW264.7 macrophage cells and RBL-2H3 mast cells.Results: The electrophoretic profiles indicated that AlcalaseÒ and FlavourzymeÒ hydrolysates did not show the presence of proteins causing allergic reaction after 60 mins of hydrolysis while these allergens disappeared from ProtamexÒ hydrolysate at the hydrolysis time of 240 min. It was observed that hydrolyzed RJ showed no toxicity on RAW264.7 and RBL-2H3 cells. With the progression of hydrolysis, IC50 values of NO production inhibition significantly decreased while degree of hydrolysis (DH) was increased in all hydrolyzed samples (p < 0.05). Results of b-HEX release inhibition were found in the same fashion. FlavourzymeÒ hydrolysate at the 240 min time point effectively mitigated the oxidative stress and protected DNA in a dose dependent manner.Conclusions: RJ hydrolysates from FlavourzymeÒ resulted in peptides with anti-inflammatory activity as determined by the inhibition of NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells and anti-allergic property as measured by the suppression of degranulation of sensitized RBL-2H3 cells. Anti-inflammatory effect may be due to their anti-oxidative capability. Inhibition of b-HEX release may be due to their membrane-stabilizing effects or/and blockade of IgE antibody binding to its receptors.Keywords: anti-inflammation, enzymatic hydrolysate, royal jelly, anti-allergy

scholarly journals FACTOR PROMOTING WOUND HEALING: RADICAL SCAVENGING AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY AND GROWTH FACTOR PROMOTION OF HELIOTROPIUM INDICUM

2019 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
NAKUNTWALAI WISIDSRI ◽  
SURADWADEE THUNGMUNGMEE ◽  
WARACHATE KHOBJAI
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
No Production ◽  
Activated Macrophage ◽  
Heliotropium Indicum ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of the Heliotropium indicum extract (HIE) on factor promoting wound healing in radical scavengingand inflammatory activity and growth factor promotion.Methods: The radical scavenging capacity of HIE was evaluated by scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide (NO) radicals.Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory of HIE was determined in a cellular model. RAW264.7 macrophage cells were treated with various concentrationsof HIE before activating the treated cell with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The nitrite concentration of activated macrophage was determined by the Griessreagent kit. The cell viability of RAW264.7 was evaluated by resazurin reduction assay as well as NIH3T3 fibroblast cells. In addition, production of thegrowth factors (transforming growth factor-β [TGF-β] and basic fibroblast growth factor [bFGF]) of fibroblast was determined by Elisa kit.Results: HIE exhibited radical scavenging activity in the DPPH and NO radicals with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) at 0.22 mg/ml and0.52 mg/ml, respectively. In a cellular study, HIE inhibited NO production in LPS-stimulated macrophage without cytotoxic effect to the cells with IC50at 87 μg/ml. Furthermore, HIE promoted fibroblast cell viability at 72 h of treatment and, TGF-β and bFGF production at 24 h of treatment.Conclusion: These results obtained in this study suggested that HIE promoted the factors which involved in wound healing processes, including antiinflammatoryeffect with scavenged radical forming and inhibited activated-macrophage. Furthermore, HIE also stimulated growth factor productionin fibroblast. These finding supported using traditional and folk medicine of H. indicum in wound treatment.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Alice Nabatanzi ◽  
Sanah M. Nkadimeng ◽  
Namrita Lall ◽  
John D. Kabasa ◽  
Lyndy J. McGaw
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
No Production ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Kigelia africana is used to manage inflammation among indigenous communities. We hypothesized that K. africana extracts contain phytoconstituents with good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The methanolic extract of K. africana fruits and Spathodea campanulata leaves (SPK04), K. africana aqueous fruit extract (KFM02), and K. africana acetone fruit extract (KFM05) were subjected to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory assays. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the ABTS radical scavenging assay, and the MTT cell viability assay was used for cytotoxicity. The extracts were preincubated with enzymes and assayed for 15-LOX and COX-2 enzyme activity using an ELISA method. Nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory effect of the extracts was evaluated and measurement of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) and the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) was done using ELISA kits. SPK04 had the highest antioxidant activity with a mean inhibition of 99.37 ± 0.56% and an IC50 of 4.28 µg/mL. SPK04 and KFM05 did not inhibit 15-LOX as their IC50 values were >1000 μg/mL. All extracts were safe on Vero cells at the highest concentration (200 µg/mL) tested. KFM02 was the best inhibitor of NO production and had the highest cell viability at both the lowest (50 µg/mL) and highest concentrations (200 µg/mL). SPK04 was the best COX-2 inhibitor while KFM05 expressed the strongest suppression effect for IL-β and IL-6. KFM02 did not inhibit IL-6 at the highest concentration (200 µg/mL). The order of suppression of TNF-α by the extracts differed across concentrations, KFM05 > SPK04 > KFM02 at 200 µg/mL, KFM02 > SPK04 > KFM05 at 100 µg/mL, and SPK04 > KFM02 > KFM05 at 50 µg/mL. All the tested extracts had no inhibitory effect against IL-10. SPK04, KFM05, and KFM02 had good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity and this supports their use as potential anti-inflammatory therapies. This study presents for the first time the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of K. africana and S. campanulata polyherbal extract. It is also among the very few studies that have reported the inhibitory effect of cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 by K. africana.

scholarly journals Radical Scavenging and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Pectin from Cissampelos pareira Linn.

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 841-850
Author(s):  
Nakuntwalai WISIDSRI ◽  
Suradwadee THUNGMUNGMEE
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
No Production ◽  
Activated Macrophages ◽  
Macrophage Cells ◽  
Thai People ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
No Free Radicals ◽  
Raw264.7 Macrophage

Cissampelos pareira Linn. (C. pareira) has been used as a medicinal herb for treating fever and analgesic by Indian and Thai people. This experimental research investigates the scavenging ability of C. pareira pectin from leaves of variable concentrations on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide (NO) free radicals, its anti-inflammatory property on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells, and the cell viability. The experimental results show that the DPPH and NO scavenging performances of C. pareira pectin are positively correlated to the pectin concentrations, with corresponding half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50)of 0.54 and 0.52 mg/ml. Meanwhile, the NO production in the LPS-stimulated macrophage cells is inversely correlated to the pectin concentrations. The cell viability in the LPS-stimulated macrophage cells is positively correlated to the C. pareira pectin concentrations, given the non-cytotoxicity of the extract compound. In essence, the inhibition of free radicals and the suppression of activated macrophages point to the usefulness of C. pareira pectin in functional dietary products and herb-based pharmaceuticals.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Populus deltoides Leaf Extract via Modulating NF-κB and p38/JNK Pathways

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 3746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Jeong ◽  
Mi-Young Lee
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
No Production ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Populus deltoides, known as eastern cottonwood, has been commonly used as a medicinal plant. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory activity of P. deltoides leaf extract (PLE). PLE effectively inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, but not that of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E2. Proinflammatory tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were also reduced by the extract. PLE inhibited the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and inhibitor of Kappa Bα (IκBα), and blunted LPS-triggered enhanced nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. In mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, PLE effectively decreased the phosphorylation of p38 and c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK), but not of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). Taken together, these results suggest that anti-inflammatory activity of P. deltoides leaf extract might be driven by iNOS and NO inhibition mediated by modulation of the NF-κB and p38/JNK signaling pathways.

scholarly journals Children with oligoarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis have skewed synovial monocyte polarization pattern with functional impairment – a distinct inflammatory pattern for oligoarticular juvenile arthritis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Schmidt ◽  
Elisabet Berthold ◽  
Sabine Arve-Butler ◽  
Birgitta Gullstrand ◽  
Anki Mossberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Western World ◽  
Polarization Pattern ◽  
Oligoarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Monocytes And Macrophages ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is an umbrella term of inflammatory joint diseases in children. Oligoarthritis is the most common form in the Western world, representing roughly 60% of all patients. Monocytes and macrophages play an important role in adult arthritides, but their role in oligoarticular JIA is less studied. Polarization highly influences monocytes’ and macrophages’ effector functions, broadly separated into pro-inflammatory M1 or anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes. Here, we set out to investigate the polarization pattern and functional aspects of synovial monocytes in oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods Paired synovial fluid, blood samples (n=13) and synovial biopsies (n=3) were collected from patients with untreated oligoarticular JIA. Monocytes were analyzed for polarization markers by flow cytometry and qPCR. Effector function was analyzed by a phagocytosis assay. Polarization of healthy monocytes was investigated by stimulation with synovial fluid in vitro . Monocyte/macrophage distribution, polarization and mRNA expression were investigated in biopsies by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and in situ hybridization. Results Children with oligoarticular JIA have polarized synovial fluid monocytes of a specific M1(IFNγ)/M2(IL-4)-like pattern. This was evidenced by increased surface expression of CD40 (p<0.001), CD86 (p<0.001) and CD206 (p<0.001), but not CD163, as compared to paired circulating monocytes. Additionally, polarization was extensively explored at the mRNA level and synovial fluid monocytes differentially expressed classical markers of M1(IFNγ)/M2(IL-4) polarization compared to circulating monocytes. Synovial fluid monocytes were functionally affected, as assessed by reduced capacity to phagocytose (p<0.01). Synovial fluid induced M2 markers (CD16 and CD206), but not M1 (CD40) or CD86 in healthy monocytes and did not induce cytokine production. Single and co-expression of surface CD40 and CD206, as well as mRNA expression of IL-10 and TNF, was observed in monocytes/macrophages in synovial biopsies. Conclusion Children with untreated oligoarticular JIA have similar and distinct synovial fluid monocyte polarization pattern of mixed pro- and anti-inflammatory features. This pattern was not exclusively a result of the synovial fluid milieu as monocytes/macrophages in the synovial membrane show similar patterns. Our study highlights a distinct polarization pattern in oligoarticular JIA, which could be utilized for future treatment strategies.

In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Rhizomes of Globba pendula Roxb

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2110559
Author(s):  
Le Minh Ha ◽  
Ngo Thi Phuong ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thu Hien ◽  
Pham Thi Tam ◽  
Do Thi Thao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
No Production ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

In this study, we aimed at evaluating in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of various extracts of the rhizomes of Globba pendula Roxb. Three extracts ( n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water) were screened for their inhibitory effect on NO production by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The ethyl acetate extract of G. pendula rhizomes (EGP) showed a potential effect with an IC50 value of 32.45 µg/mL. For in vivo study, the ethyl acetate extract was further investigated for its anti-inflammatory effect using collagen antibody-induced arthritic mice (CAIA). The level of arthritis in experimental mice significantly reduced ( P < .05) after treatment with EGP at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). This study also revealed that EGP is orally non-toxic. Ethyl p-methoxy cinamate was identified as the main constituent of EGP, which may result in its anti-inflammatory effect.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Formononetin 7-O-phosphate, a Novel Biorenovation Product, on LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cells

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (21) ◽  
pp. 3910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Seon Kim ◽  
Jin-Soo Park ◽  
You Chul Chung ◽  
Sungchan Jang ◽  
Chang-Gu Hyun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
No Production ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Macrophage Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Reduced Toxicity

Biorenovation is a microbial enzyme-catalyzed structural modification of organic compounds with the potential benefits of reduced toxicity and improved biological properties relative to their precursor compounds. In this study, we synthesized a novel compound verified as formononetin 7-O-phosphate (FMP) from formononetin (FM) using microbial biotransformation. We further compared the anti-inflammatory properties of FMP to FM in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. We observed that cell viabilities and inhibitory effects on LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production were greater in FMP-treated RAW 264.7 cells than in their FM-treated counterparts. In addition, FMP treatment suppressed the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in a dose-dependent manner and concomitantly decreased the mRNA expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). We also found that FMP exerted its anti-inflammatory effects through the downregulation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. In conclusion, we generated a novel anti-inflammatory compound using biorenovation and demonstrated its efficacy in cell-based in vitro assays.

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