Méthodologie pour l'analyse des données forestières historiques : le cas de la forêt expérimentale du Lac Édouard, Québec

2004 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-472
Author(s):  
Rémi Hébert
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Sampling Methodology ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots ◽  
The Past ◽  
Forest Inventories ◽  
Lake Edward ◽  
Data Continuity ◽  
Historical Forest ◽  
The Impact

Permanent sampling plots in experimental forests have generated large quantities of data over the past decades. Methods used to collect certain of these data have often varied over the course of the sampling. The objective of this study was to develop a process to evaluate sampling differences in historical forest data. The proposed approach is to: (1) examine available data and seek out the missing ones in archives of the concerned organizations; (2) regroup data by inventory periods; (3) search for the sampling methodology in each of the different inventory periods; and (4) evaluate the impact of differences in methodology on data continuity. When using this approach on the historical data of the Lake Edward experimental forest, we were able to better define the strengths and the weaknesses of the database. Key words: forest inventories, La Mauricie National Park, permanent sample plots, regeneration inventories

Community/Social Action Groupwork in Indigenous and Rural Communities Zimbabwe Summer 2019

Groupwork ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Paul Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Social Action ◽  
National Park ◽  
School Principal ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Community Sustainability ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact

In June 2018, I was fortunate enough to attend and present at the IASWG Symposium at Kruger National Park in South Africa. It was a truly amazing experience. However, in July of 2019  I was once again able to return to the  African continent. This time to visit Zimbabwe. For the past four years, my friend and School Principal Chris Labbe,  had been visiting and working with the  IMVELO organization to raise funds for the following three schools:  Ngamo Primary School, Mlevu Primary School and St Joseph’s Primary School.These three schools are located in the indigenous and rural rural villages of Hwanga  National Park.  During the course of the visits to these three Schools, my wife Peg McGovern and I were able to observe the incredible work that was being done between IMVELO and the local communities. The overarching theme of the IASWG 2018 symposium had been “Groupwork in Communities.” On my visit to Hwanga,  I witnessed the impact  of Groupwork in these indigenous and rural communities. On my return home, I reviewed the Groupwork literature, and it reinforced what I observed and encountered  in Zimbabwe.  The wonderful sense of community, sustainability, cooperation, integration of programs, social action and empowerment. It truly was an amazing experience and a trip of a lifetime.

scholarly journals Land-Cover Legacy Effects on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Abundance in Human and Wildlife Dominated Systems in Tropical Savanna

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geofrey E. Soka ◽  
Mark E. Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
National Park ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Legacy Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can be important mutualists to plant hosts in acquiring soil nutrients. Past work has not explored whether previous land-cover history influences current AMF abundance in croplands and whether different land-cover histories in grazed but not cultivated areas influence AMF. This study was conducted to assess the effects of land-cover history in and near Serengeti National Park on AMF abundance in areas with three different land uses. The results showed that land-cover history influenced a number of soil physicochemical properties following conversion of grassland to cropland or woodland to cropland during the past 27 years. Different original land cover generally did not significantly influence current AMF abundance in croplands or livestock-grazed soils. However, livestock-grazed current grasslands that were formerly woodlands had lower AMF abundance than sites that had been grasslands since 1984. These results suggest that lower AMF abundance in livestock-grazed and cropland areas as compared to protected wildlife-grazed areas may reflect reduced total carbon inputs and higher disturbance and are not strongly influenced by the legacy of previous land cover. Given that recent studies have detected legacy effects on AMF, such effects may reflect more the impact on the taxonomic composition of AMF rather than their total abundance.

scholarly journals Reconstruction As a Show In Contemporary Historical TV-research

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
Anastasia Victorovna Ekimova
Keyword(s):  
Mass Culture ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mass Audience ◽  
Historical Series ◽  
Historical Objects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Television Image

The article investigates numerous methods of representation of the past in contemporary TV-mocumentary exemplified by the series about British farming (British Farm). Despite the apparent authenticity of the television image, the attraction of the authors to usage of the on-screen real historical objects and documents reinforcing the narrative by opinions of noted experts, one cannot admit authenticity of the realm represented. The information in such historical series is often presented as a phenomenon, the task of which is rather to hide the true reality, than to represent it. Instead of reconstructing history through artistic means of docudrama, the TV-series mostly create it. For this purpose, effective techniques of artificial dramatization as a synthesis of live sound, vivid images, voiceover and an unusual angle are employed. The author considers the level of relations in contemporary screen document of historical data and pseudo household facts, interesting for the average viewer; knowledge of professional historians, based on authentic sources and documents, and the attraction of mass audience to myth and speculation, taking up science as entertainment. The relevance of this work is sustained by the growing influence of mass culture on contemporary TV, including documentary projects, which leads to the standardization of the screen document. The novelty of the article consists in the analysis of juxtaposition of the techniques of journalism and feature cinema in TV-series, and the impact of these combinations on the balance between the educational and entertaining components in the TV historic series.

scholarly journals 1433. Impact of 2019 US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Guidance on Developing Drugs for Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) on the Perceived Efficacy of Antibiotics for the Treatment of Uncomplicated UTI (uUTI)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S798-S798
Author(s):  
Anne Santerre Henriksen ◽  
Lindsay Nicolle ◽  
Anita F Das
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Response ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Fda Guidance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Original Analysis ◽  
Intent To Treat ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Treat Population

Abstract Background In 2019, the FDA issued guidance on drug development for treatment of UTIs. To explore the impact of this guidance, we compared clinical and microbiological outcomes of the fluoroquinolones norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin and the β-lactams pivmecillinam and sulopenem for treatment of uUTIs from original publications versus recent analyses conducted in accordance with the FDA guidance. Methods The efficacy of pivmecillinam 400 mg twice daily (BID), 3 days (3d) versus norfloxacin 400 mg BID, 3d was reported in a 2002 publication. Patient-level data were used to re-analyze clinical and microbiological outcomes in the microbiological intent-to-treat population in accordance with the 2019 FDA guidance. For descriptive comparison, we present the efficacy of ciprofloxacin 250 mg BID, 3d vs sulopenem 500 mg BID, 5d in the 2020 SURE-1 trial (also conducted in accordance with FDA guidance) alongside historical efficacy data for ciprofloxacin. Results Re-analysis of data from the trial of pivmecillinam and norfloxacin showed microbiological responses for pivmecillinam and norfloxacin of 64% and 79%, respectively. Microbiological responses were higher, 75% for pivmecillinam and 91% for norfloxacin, in the original analysis. For clinical response, re-analysis showed 75% for pivmecillinam and 88% for norfloxacin, while historical data were 82% and 88%, respectively. In the SURE-1 trial, the microbiological response of patients assessed at Day 12 was 76.6% for sulopenem and 79.1% for ciprofloxacin. In a 2002 publication, bacterial eradication at 4 to 11 days after treatment was 93.7% for ciprofloxacin 250 mg, a higher response rate than that reported in SURE-1. For clinical response, rates were 78.7% for ciprofloxacin in SURE-1 and 92.7% for the historical ciprofloxacin data. Conclusion When assessed in accordance with the 2019 FDA guidance, clinical and microbiological efficacy of both fluoroquinolones and β-lactam antibiotics appears lower than has been published in the past. Healthcare providers should be aware that newer antibiotics may appear to have a lower efficacy than older antibiotics due to the application of more stringent definitions in the FDA guidance. Disclosures Anne Santerre Henriksen, MS, Advanz (Consultant)Shionogi BV (Consultant)UTILITY Therapeutics (Consultant) Lindsay Nicolle, MD, Entos (Consultant)GSK (Consultant)Iterum (Consultant)Utility Therapeutics (Consultant) Anita F. Das, PhD, Adagio Therapeutics, Inc. (Consultant)

scholarly journals Time Series Forecasting in Stock Trading Markets

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 01-16
Author(s):  
Edward J. Lusk
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Stock Trading ◽  
The Past ◽  
Univariate Time Series ◽  
Litmus Test ◽  
Tacit Belief ◽  
The Impact

Univariate Time Series Models [TSM] use only a Panel of historical data to produce forecasts. The tacit belief in using TSM is that the past information portends the future of the longitudinal data-stream. This is likely in certain cases such as strictly Ergodic Panel segments of sufficient size in the overall Panel. A question of interest is: Is the success of TSM in these contexts generalizable? The test of this question used a Litmus-Test design to examine the performance profile of TSM for a longitudinal time series the last point of which is a Turning Point [TP]. Specifically, the inference measure will use the Relative Absolute Error [RAE] of the TSM tested over three forecasting horizons. In this testing, five TSM configurations were employed; the TPs are identified using a fixed screening filter applied to randomly selected firm Panels actively traded on the S&P500 from 2005 through 2013.  There is no evidence that any of the five TSM outperformed the RW model which is incidentally the TP. The impact of these results is that one cannot assume that the effectiveness of TSM generalizes to all domains—in particular—forecasting after TPs that seems to be a Domain Lacuna where the effectiveness of TSM will be compromised.

scholarly journals How Raccoons Could Lead to the Disappearance of Native Crayfish in Central Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Tricarico ◽  
Paola Ciampelli ◽  
Laura De Cicco ◽  
Sandro Aurelio Marsella ◽  
Lorenzo Petralia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Invasive Alien Species ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Population Status ◽  
The Past ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Predatory Fishes ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Native Crayfish ◽  
The Impact

The white-clawed crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes complex populations are decreasing in the Foreste Casentinesi, Monte Falterona and Campigna National Park (Central Italy), due to several factors, including illegal poaching, predatory fishes, drought, and invasive alien species. Recently, the Northern raccoon Procyon lotor has been reported to be present in the area of the National Park and has started to predate on the white-clawed crayfish. The aim of the study was to update the distribution and population status of A. pallipes in the reserves, other sites of the National Park, and surrounding areas to assess the potential effects of the raccoon. Crayfish were sampled by hand or by traps in 14 sites; sampled individuals were sexed and measured. Signs of raccoon presence (e.g., footprints and predated crayfish) were also recorded. Our study confirms the impact of raccoon on native crayfish: indeed, where the invasive mammal is present (six sites), crayfish disappeared, or their populations have been dramatically reduced in number, with a size distribution skewed towards juveniles. In two sites, close to urban settlements, fresh footprints of P. lotor and predated specimens of A. pallipes were also observed. Populations of crayfish are still abundant or even increasing as compared with samplings conducted in the past where raccoon is absent (five sites). Urgent actions (e.g., control of raccoons, and monitoring and restocking of A. pallipes populations if feasible and where possible) should be taken into account to guarantee the survival of this protected species.

Indirect Recognition

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-77
Author(s):  
Christian Lund
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
National Park ◽  
Local Population ◽  
New Order ◽  
Formal Property ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Work ◽  
The Impact

This chapter evaluates the impact of the declaration of Mount Halimun-Salak as a national park by the Indonesian government on the property and citizenship of the local population. It analyzes government–citizen encounters in West Java and the dynamics of recognition in the fields of government territorialization, taxation, local organization, and identity politics. If direct claims to resources were impossible to pursue, people would instead lodge indirect claims. In everyday situations, indirect recognition can perform important legal and political work. After the authoritarian New Order regime, in particular, claims to citizenship worked as indirect property claims and as pragmatic proxies for formal property rights. The chapter examines how people struggle over the past, negotiating the constraints of social propriety for legitimation and indirect recognition of their claims.

scholarly journals Assessment of Stocking Activities on the Native Brown Trout Populations from Nestos River (Southern Balkans) Inferred by mtDNA RFLP and Sequencing Analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 9034
Author(s):  
Ioannis A. Giantsis ◽  
Argyrios Sapounidis ◽  
Emmanouil Koutrakis ◽  
Apostolos P. Apostolidis
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Complete Loss ◽  
Nestos River ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fish Introductions ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Alien Fish ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Acheloos River

Alien fish introductions, conducted towards the ichthyofauna enhancement in local drainages, have been occasionally proved harmful for the indigenous freshwater fish populations. The present study was designed to assess the impact of stocking activities, carried out in the past decades with fingerlings originating from Acheloos river hatcheries, on the native trout (Salmo sp.) populations of Nestos River, Greece. Trout specimens collected from several tributaries of Nestos River and were analyzed by means of PCR-RFLP and sequencing targeting the mitochondrial ND5-ND6 genes and the entire control region, respectively. It should be mentioned that trouts from Acheloos mainly belong to the marmoratus mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineage, while the autochthonous trouts from Nestos belong to the Adriatic lineage. Both methodologies demonstrated that most samples from the three tributaries located at the lower part of Nestos constitute offspring of the fingerlings transferred from Acheloos hatcheries. Therefore, these tributaries have been strongly affected by stocking activities with a potential complete loss of their autochthonous trout. On the other hand, it seems that trout populations from higher altitude tributaries have not been affected by stockings. Hence, efforts should be undertaken in order to prevent the prevalence of the non-indigenous translocated Salmo in higher altitude tributaries, in conjunction with a management plan designed for the total trout populations from the area, speaking of which it has been recently included to the National Park of Rodopi Mountains.

Fluorescent potentiometric dyes for membrane-potential imaging

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 166-167
Author(s):  
Leslie M. Loew
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Quantitative Imaging ◽  
Optical Recording ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
The Past ◽  
Excitable Systems ◽  
Major Application ◽  
The Impact

A major application of potentiometric dyes has been the multisite optical recording of electrical activity in excitable systems. After being championed by L.B. Cohen and his colleagues for the past 20 years, the impact of this technology is rapidly being felt and is spreading to an increasing number of neuroscience laboratories. A second class of experiments involves using dyes to image membrane potential distributions in single cells by digital imaging microscopy - a major focus of this lab. These studies usually do not require the temporal resolution of multisite optical recording, being primarily focussed on slow cell biological processes, and therefore can achieve much higher spatial resolution. We have developed 2 methods for quantitative imaging of membrane potential. One method uses dual wavelength imaging of membrane-staining dyes and the other uses quantitative 3D imaging of a fluorescent lipophilic cation; the dyes used in each case were synthesized for this purpose in this laboratory.

Perceived Burden of Informal Caregivers of a Chronically Ill Older Family Member

GeroPsych ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmar Gräßel ◽  
Raffaela Adabbo
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Informal Caregiver ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Stress Model ◽  
The Past ◽  
Perceived Burden ◽  
Hypothetical Construct ◽  
Care Situation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development

The burden of caregivers has been intensively researched for the past 30 years and has resulted in a multitude of individual findings. This review illustrates the significance of the hypothetical construct of perceived burden for the further development and design of the homecare situation. Following explanations regarding the term informal caregiver, we derive the construct burden from its conceptual association with the transactional stress model of Lazarus and Folkman. Once the extent and characteristics of burden have been set forth, we then present the impact of perceived burden as the care situation. The question of predictors of burden will lead into the last section from which implications can be derived for homecare and relief of caregivers.

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