Solid wood supply impediments for secondary wood producers in British Columbia

2003 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1107-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A Kozak ◽  
Thomas C Maness ◽  
Tim Caldecott
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Global Competition ◽  
Wood Supply ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Secondary Wood

Many nations are attempting to strengthen the development of secondary wood manufacturing in an attempt to cope with job losses due to declining annual allowable cut levels, increasing global competition and decreasing prices of commodity lumber products. This paper describes the results of a survey conducted in the province of British Columbia aimed at uncovering the impediments to wood supply relationships between secondary and primary manufacturers. The study looks at the raw material needs of different categories of secondary manufacturers pertaining to wood quality, price and service and highlights similarities and differences between these groups. In general, the study found that the majority of secondary manufacturers are experiencing lumber procurement problems. Lumber grading issues are the biggest overall concern of manufacturers, and manufacturers of engineering building components were found to experience the most difficulties. The paper concludes with a discussion and recommendations to improve synergies between primary and secondary wood producers in British Columbia. Key words: value-added wood products, wood quality, supply chain management, customer-oriented manufacturing

Raw material factors affecting the quota of structural wood in sawmill production

2019 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 124-130
Author(s):  
MAREK WIERUSZEWSKI ◽  
RADOSŁAW MIRSKI ◽  
ADRIAN TROCIŃSKI
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Research Technology ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
Round Wood

Construction wood has to meet high requirements for loads capacity. Thanks to the selection and adequate classification of raw materials it is possible to decide how specific wood products can and should be used. The usage of solid wood for structural elements purposes has been precisely classified and specified in standardized requirements. Twelve classes of structural timber, ranging from C14 to C50, have been identified for softwood. Only part of Polish raw wood meets the standards of strength classes required in the building industry, as its strength corresponds to classes C24 and C30. A conclusion from research on the assortment structure of the raw materials in Poland was formed that it is particularly important to sort wood effectively according to its quality and intended use during processing. The material and strength efficiency is the main indicator of rational use of wood. The research resulted in setting the initial classification limits of selected round wood groups according to its strength. Properties determining the possibilities of obtaining a high quality product from the available raw wood material were taken into account in the research. Crucial factor was to select the proper research technology of determining dependencies between the applied research methodology and the defined wood quality, sorting class and strength class. The lower limit of availability of raw material with appropriate technical characteristics is determined during the selection of the research formula.

Overview of the Canadian value-added wood products sector and the competitive factors that contribute to its success

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 2211-2226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah L. DeLong ◽  
Robert A. Kozak ◽  
David H. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
Secondary Wood ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Industry Associations ◽  
Wood Manufacturing

In recent years, there has been considerable interest in the secondary wood manufacturing sector across Canada. Strengthening and facilitating the secondary wood manufacturing or the value-added sector is seen as the next step to creating a more sustainable economy across Canada. This research considered a large sample of secondary wood manufacturers across Canada and has provided standardized information for the entire sector. To evaluate the competitive position of the Canadian secondary wood manufacturers, two steps were undertaken. First, factors that have determined success in other sectors were identified. Second, the sector’s current business environments and the factors that contribute to its success were evaluated. The data that contributed to this research was based on a mail survey that was sent to all secondary wood manufacturers across Canada. The data indicated that the majority of businesses in this sector are small to medium enterprises (SMEs) and have common concerns that effect SMEs. Problems obtaining financing for expansion, market research, expanding to new markets, and upgrading employees’ skills are examples. There are also opportunities for increasing efficiencies through lean manufacturing and optimizing supply chains, but these types of initiatives will require education and training. Using logistic regression, we found that being a member of an industry association greatly increased the likelihood of a business being profitable. Thus, industry associations could be an effective conduit for the required training and education.

scholarly journals A Case Study to Determine Drivers and Barriers of Appalachian Forest Products in Central America

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (22) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Scott W. Lyon ◽  
Henry Quesada-Pineda ◽  
Robert L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Forest Product ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Central American ◽  
Potential Market ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
The Government

The purpose of this research was to determine drivers and barriers of Appalachian wood product competitors in Central America. Potential market opportunities for Appalachian forest product companies in Central America were evaluated and strategies were developed to increase exports of Appalachian wood products to Central America. The findings support the claim that United States forest product companies have not put enough effort into marketing forest products to Central America. Forests in El Salvador, Panama, and Costa Rica are limiting harvests and the industry lacks support from the government, reducing the amount of raw material and production. Inconsistencies between Appalachian and Central American wood products industries (e.g., dimensions) act as a barrier to the efficient exchange of wood products. The best market strategies for Appalachian forest products companies to increase sales into Central America are: partner with local wholesalers, offer higher value-added products, and maintain similar pricing with competition. An outside source of wood is needed to meet the needs of growing regional infrastructure.

Radio frequency vacuum drying of Eucalyptus nitens juvenile wood

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 4886-4897
Author(s):  
Rubén A. Ananías ◽  
Víctor Sepúlveda-Villarroel ◽  
Natalia Pérez-Peña ◽  
José Torres-Mella ◽  
Linette Salvo-Sepúlveda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Juvenile Wood ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Eucalyptus Nitens ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Conventional Kiln Drying ◽  
Vacuum Method

Wood drying is an important process for adding value and manufacturing innovative products. Eucalyptus nitens wood is inherently difficult to dry because of its natural propensity for checking as well as collapse and shrinkage. Lumber recovery after industrial drying of eucalypts is also very low. This study measured the wood quality of E. nitens juvenile wood (13 mm thickness) after radio-frequency vacuum (RFV) drying and wood dried in a conventional kiln dryer (KD). Drying cycles were performed using a radio frequency vacuum dryer with a 3 m3 of capacity and convective kiln-dryer equipment with a 3.5 m3 of capacity. The results showed that the drying time using the radio frequency vacuum method was reduced by 47% when compared to conventional kiln drying. The shrinkage was significantly lower in the RFV than in the conventional KD. The volumetric collapse decreased by approximately 60% in the RFV drying. RFV drying of E. nitens juvenile wood improves the wood quality for solid wood products because the intensity of surface checking and collapse are reduced.

scholarly journals Forest certification in Asia: The changing marketplace for value-added wood product manufacturers in China and Vietnam

2012 ◽  
Vol 88 (05) ◽  
pp. 578-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tait Bowers ◽  
Ivan Eastin ◽  
Indroneil Ganguly ◽  
Jeff Cao ◽  
Mihyun Seol
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Wood Product ◽  
Forest Certification ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Manufacturing Operations ◽  
Product Manufacturing

China and Vietnam have become two of the key wood manufacturers in Asia that export a large percentage of value-added wood products globally. As regulations and environmental awareness from countries that import these products increase, manufacturers have had to establish certification practices for continued accessibility to these markets. A study based on managerial interviews and a survey with over 800 wood product manufacturing operations in China and Vietnam asked questions on how forest certification had been implemented in their business practices and what challenge had come from the adoption of these standards. These responses were analyzed to determine the contributing factors to the commitment to certification. Comparisons between China and Vietnam were used to identify country-specific factors that may influence a company's decision to obtain forest certification for its operations. Survey respondents indicated that acquiring certified raw material supply, market awareness, and certification costs were found to be the major constraints encountered in adding certified products to their sales mix. Lack of a domestic supply of certified wood was also a problem that led to a heavy reliance on imported wood at additional costs to the bottom line. Results revealed significant differences among the two countries regarding their perceptions of the benefits of certification, but showed that market benefits were the leading driver to a company's commitment to certification.

scholarly journals The Removal of Cured Urea-Formaldehyde Adhesive towards Sustainable Medium Density Fiberboard Production: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis ◽  
Sumit Yaday Manohar ◽  
Raden Permana Budi Laksana ◽  
Widya Fatriasari ◽  
Maya Ismayati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Medium Density Fiberboard ◽  
Hydrolytic Stability ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Engineered Wood ◽  
Recycled Fibers

Medium density fiberboard (MDF) is an engineered wood product that has density and specific gravity similar to solid wood, ranging from 600 to 800 kg/m3 of density and 0.6 to 0.8 of specific gravity. This makes MDF suitable to partially replace solid wood, particularly for interior application. Approximately over than 100 million m3 of MDF are produced in 2020, resulting in a large amount of waste MDF will be generated in the next 20 years. MDF is produced using urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins adhesive. UF resins adhesive is a poly-condensation product of urea and formaldehyde via an alkaline acid two-step reaction. Sustainable MDF production is required as the world is facing climate change and deforestation. Recycling is a way to support sustainable production in the engineered wood products manufacturing. Many attempts have been done to find ways to recycle waste MDF. The main problem is UF resins, which bond the MDF panel fibers. In order to re-manufacture the waste MDF into new recycled MDF, UF resins should be eliminated from the waste MDF before being used. The presence of UF resins in MDF can interfere with the utilization of the recycled fibers, whether it will be used as a raw material for new MDF or other composite products. This paper reviews the process of removal of cured UF resins from waste MDF panel by considering the hydrolytic stability of cured UF resins for MDF recycling, providing a comprehensive review of how cured UF resins can be removed from waste MDF and characterization of recycled fibers obtained from recycling prior to re-manufacturing of recycled MDF panel.Keywords: hydrolysis, medium density fiberboard, resin, recycling, resin removal, urea-formaldehyde

scholarly journals UNDERSTANDING THE DYNAMICS OF THE BRAZILIAN MARKET FOR NATIVE FOREST WOOD: A CASE STUDY FOR MINAS GERAIS STATE, BRAZIL

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thales Guilherme Vaz Martins ◽  
Geraldo Gonçalves dos Reis ◽  
Maria das Graças Ferreira Reis ◽  
Rodrigo Vieira Leite ◽  
Lucas Arthur de Almeida Telles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Distribution Centers ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Wood Supply ◽  
Belo Horizonte

ABSTRACT Understanding the Brazilian market for native wood helps forest managers and can guide conservation policies. This study aimed to evaluate the spatial and temporal distribution of supply and demand of the Brazilian native wood for four products namely, charcoal, roundwood, firewood, and sawn wood. We used the consumed wood volume from 2006 to 2016 in Minas Gerais (MG) tracking its supplier in Brazil accounting for 31 million cubic meters. These data were used as input for calculating mean centers and performing grouping analysis. The wood supply centers for the energy sector in Brazil have moved from Cerrado to the Caatinga biome. This change is consistent with historical patterns of agricultural expansion in Brazil. The largest mesoregions producing wood were: East of Mato Grosso do Sul State, South of Goiás State, and Center-South of Bahia State. The solid wood supply centers have moved from the North to Midwest regions but remained within the Amazon biome for almost all the years. This pattern is likely a consequence of timber regulation practices in the Amazon. The mesoregions: Madeira-Guaporé and East of Rondônia State, Southeast and Northeast of Pará State, and North of Mato Grosso State were the most important suppliers of solid wood to MG. Wood consumption for energy is centered in the Center and North regions of MG State, especially in Sete Lagoas, a hub of pig iron and cement industries. Solid wood products are dispersed in MG State, being Belo Horizonte, Conselheiro Lafaiete, Ubá, and Uberlândia the distribution centers of native wood for the furniture industry within MG. The spatial statistics helped to exploit the activity of the native wood market in Brazil and provides essential information for decision-makers that was not previously available.

Economic Contributions of West Virginia's Forest Products Industry Over Time: A Look at 2006, 2010, 2015, and 2017 Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-212
Author(s):  
C. Clinton Gabbert ◽  
Kathryn Gazal ◽  
Joseph McNeel
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
The State ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Forest Products Industry ◽  
Industry Growth ◽  
Emerging Industries ◽  
State Economy ◽  
Industry Automation

Abstract West Virginia's forest products industry (FPI) has long been viewed as an important industry to the state. However, there is a lack of recent data regarding the economic contribution of the industry to the state's economy. The housing market collapse of the mid-2000s, subsequent recession, continued increasing global competition, natural gas boom, and other macroeconomic trends have affected the FPI in the state. The continuing evolution of the state economy necessitates a reexamination of the role the FPI plays in the state. Thus, this article examines the historical contribution of the FPI to West Virginia's economy using 2006, 2010, 2015, and 2017 data. Both the direct and total economic contributions of the industry substantially declined from 2006 to 2010. The largest declines were experienced in the secondary solid-wood products and wood furniture sectors. Between 2010 and 2015, the industry's direct and total contributions rose for all measures evaluated. Between 2015 and 2017, all measures of direct and total contributions of the industry also increased but at a much slower pace and remained lower than 2006 levels. The inability of the FPI in the state to return to 2006 levels of direct contributions suggests that long-term industry trends such as the continued offshoring of value-added forest products sectors and increased industry automation are still putting negative pressure on direct industry growth. Additionally, the industry is facing new challenges such as uncertainty about the future availability of the foreign markets and competition for resources from emerging industries.

Micro and Macromorphology of Recycled Fiber and Wood

1992 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas D. Stokke
Keyword(s):  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Wood Fibers ◽  
Fiber Morphology ◽  
Fiber Plastic ◽  
Recycled Fiber ◽  
Secondary Wood ◽  
Composite Properties

AbstractWood is a major industrial raw material, with U.S. consumption approaching that of aluminum, plastics, cement, and steel combined. Partially as a result of the magnitude of wood and wood products in use, these products constitute a substantial portion of the solid waste stream. In order to reduce the amount of wood and wood fiber disposed in landfills, efforts to recycle these materials into useful products such as structural composites are needed. The success of such conversion depends in part on knowledge of the morphological characteristics of various sources of secondary wood and wood fibers, and the influence of wood element morphology on composite properties. An overview of wood and fiber morphology representative of major sources of secondary material is provided, with a discussion of how these morphological features may influence the properties of conventional wood composites and wood fiber/plastic composites.

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