The impact of regulatory change on the international competitiveness of the Canadian softwood lumber industry

2001 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan L. Eastin ◽  
Jun Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
International Competitiveness ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Regulatory Change ◽  
Pinewood Nematode ◽  
Lumber Industry ◽  
Softwood Lumber ◽  
Major Market ◽  
Regulatory Changes ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact

The decade of the 1990s have seen the introduction of several regulatory changes in international markets that have had a dramatic impact on the competitiveness of the Canadian softwood lumber industry. These regulatory changes have occurred in virtually every major market to which Canadian softwood lumber manufacturers export, including Europe, the US, and Japan. The objective of this paper is to describe the regulatory changes that have been implemented in the major markets for Canadian softwood lumber and provide an objective discussion of the impact of these changes on the international competitiveness of Canadian softwood lumber. Key words: softwood lumber, non-tariff barriers, international trade, Softwood Lumber Agreement (SLA), pinewood nematode, regulatory change, international competitiveness

scholarly journals The Impact of Logistics Performance on Argentina, Brazil, and the US Soybean Exports from 2012 to 2018: A Gravity Model Approach

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 338 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Gilberto Mendes dos Reis ◽  
Pedro Sanches Amorim ◽  
José António Sarsfield Pereira Cabral ◽  
Rodrigo Carlo Toloi
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Research Question ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Commodity Trade ◽  
Extended Gravity ◽  
The Us ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Logistics Performance Index ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soybean Trade

Soybean is one of the main sources of protein directly and indirectly in human nutrition, and it is highly dependent on logistics to connect country growers and international markets. Although recent studies deal with the impact of logistics on international trade, this impact in agricultural commodities is still an open research question. Moreover, these studies usually do not consider the influence of all components of the logistics on trade. This paper, therefore, aims at identifying the role of logistics performance in soybean exports among Argentina, Brazil, the US and their trading partners from 2012 to 2018. Using an extended gravity model, we examine whether the indicators of the World Bank Logistics Performance Index (LPI), adopted as a proxy of logistics efficiency, are an important determinant of bilateral soybean trade facilitation. The results lead to the conclusion that it is necessary to analyze the LPI throughout its indicators because they may affect trade differently. The novelty of this article is to provide an analysis of the impact of different logistics aspects on commodity trade, more specifically in the soybean case. Finally, regarding the model results, logistics infrastructure has a positive and significant correlation with soybean trade as supposed in most of the literature.

scholarly journals United States – Preliminary Determination with Respect to Certain Softwood Lumber from Canada: What is a Subsidy?

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (S1) ◽  
pp. 220-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Horn ◽  
Petros C. Mavroidis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Lumber Industry ◽  
States Department ◽  
Softwood Lumber ◽  
Subsidy Rate ◽  
The Us ◽  
Standing Timber ◽  
Preliminary Determination

In August 2001, the United States Department of Commerce (USDOC) issued a preliminary determination that Canadian schemes for allocating standing timber to private harvesters – “stumpage” programs – provided countervailable subsidies to Canadian softwood lumber producers. It also preliminarily determined that critical circumstances existed in the US softwood lumber industry, caused by Canadian imports. Provisional measures were imposed on the basis of a preliminary subsidy rate of 19.31 percent, applicable to all producers/exporters, and applied to all entries of softwood lumber from Canada.

Private pension fund flow, performance and cost relationship under frequent regulatory change

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaman Omer Erzurumlu ◽  
Idris Ucardag
Keyword(s):  
Market Efficiency ◽  
Pension Fund ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Investor Sentiment ◽  
Pension Funds ◽  
Private Pension ◽  
Regulatory Change ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Regulatory Changes ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to investigate private pension fund investor sentiment against fund performance and cost in an environment of frequent regulatory changes. The analyses are conducted in a low return, high-cost private pension fund market environment, which makes it easier to observe the relationship between investor sentiment to return and cost. Design/methodology/approach This paper conducts fixed effect, random effect and random effect within between effect panel data analyses of all Turkish private pension funds from 2011 to 2019. This paper conducts the analyses using aggregate data and subsets based on fund characteristics and pre-post regulation periods. Findings When regulations provide compensation and improve market efficiency in a pension fund market, investor focus shifted from performance to cost. Investors allocated assets with respect to return realization when adequately compensated for risk or had favorable cost contract clauses. Consequently, investors in pension funds with lower expected returns and no special fee reduction clauses tended to adopt the strategy of cost minimization. Research limitations/implications The overlap of regulatory change periods could complicate the ability to distinguish the impact of any one specific change. The findings therefore cannot be generalized to differently structured markets. Practical implications Regulatory changes could lead to a switch of investor objectives. When regulatory changes compensate investors and increase market efficiency, investors objective could switch from performance to cost. Originality/value This study investigates investor sentiment in a relatively young private pension fund market, in which the relevant regulatory body ambitiously implements frequent changes in regulation. The selected market is unique in the sense that it has negative real returns and high costs, which make investor focus to return and cost more readily apparent.

Industry Cycles in the US Softwood Lumber Industry: 1985 through 2010

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 116-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiv N. Mehrotra ◽  
Shashi Kant ◽  
Indrajit Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Lumber Industry ◽  
Softwood Lumber ◽  
The Us

An economic perspective on the determination of dumping in the US–Canada softwood lumber trade — an analysis for Ontario

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1011-1023
Author(s):  
Feng'e Yang ◽  
Shashi Kant ◽  
Emmanuel Asinas
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Price Discrimination ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Softwood Lumber ◽  
Trade Dispute ◽  
Major Market ◽  
The Us

Dumping has been one of the most controversial issues in the never-ending softwood lumber trade dispute between the United States (US) and Canada. In this paper, we investigate whether the softwood lumber producers in Ontario dumped product into their major market in the US during the period from April 1996 to September 2006. The Enhanced Parity Bounds Model was used to explore the possibility that Ontario’s softwood lumber producers had exercised price discrimination between the Toronto market and the Great Lakes market. Our analysis indicates that the industry had on average charged a higher price in the Great Lakes market than in the Toronto market during this period. Based on this evidence and the economic conditions in which a US antidumping investigation and two administrative reviews were conducted, we draw the conclusion that the Ontario’s softwood lumber producers did not dump product into the US market during the study period.

scholarly journals Does Huawei React Well to the US Sanction in the Aspect of Finance?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lide Zhang
Keyword(s):  
International Markets ◽  
Chinese Mainland ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Sales Promotion ◽  
Sales Revenue ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Chinese Mainland ◽  
The Impact

Huawei has suffered a heavy toll on sales in international markets because of the US sanction, but it has successfully utilized its strength and opportunity, meaning having use sales promotion, patriotism and proprietary technology in promotions in the domestic market, and having switched and secured its suppliers. Therefore, the sales in the Chinese mainland is quite satisfactory to Huawei, and this situation let Huawei achieve an increase in sales revenue. In addition, the impact of the US sanction on Huawei's liquidity and profitability is minimum. Therefore, financially speaking, Huawei reacted well to the US sanction.

scholarly journals State-Granted Practice Authority: Do Nurse Practitioners Vote with Their Feet?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Nurse Practitioners ◽  
Nurse Practitioner ◽  
State Level ◽  
Large Change ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Regulatory Changes ◽  
The Us ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Nurse practitioners have become an increasingly important part of the US medical workforce as they have gained greater practice authority through state-level regulatory changes. This study investigates one labor market impact of this large change in nurse practitioner regulation. Using data from the National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses and a dataset of state-level nurse practitioner prescribing authority, a multivariate estimation is performed analysing the impact of greater practice authority on the probability of a nurse practitioner moving from a state. The empirical results indicate that nurse practitioners in states that grant expanded practice are less likely to move from the state than nurse practitioners in states that have not granted expanded practice authority. The estimated effect is robust and is statistically and economically meaningful. This finding is in concert with and strengthens the wider literature which finds states that grant expanded practice authority to nurse practitioners tend to have larger nurse practitioner populations.

scholarly journals Retrospective Longitudinal Study of the Impact of Truck Weight Regulatory Changes on Operating Gross Vehicle Weights

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812199550
Author(s):  
Amanda Pushka ◽  
Jonathan D. Regehr
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Regulatory Change ◽  
The Road ◽  
Regulatory Changes ◽  
Gross Vehicle Weight ◽  
Truck Size And Weight ◽  
Truck Weight ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Weight Data

Three primary policy changes on truck size and weight occurred in Canada over the past five decades: the 1974 Western Canadian Highway Strengthening Program, the 1988 Roads and Transportation Association of Canada Memorandum of Understanding on Heavy Vehicle Weights and Dimensions, and ongoing special permitting of longer combination vehicles. These regulatory changes influenced the gross vehicle weight (GVW) of the predominant truck configurations operating on principal Canadian highways. Using a unique time-series of truck weight data, this retrospective longitudinal study contributes insights about the magnitude and timing of the impacts of truck weight regulatory changes on operating GVWs that address current knowledge gaps and persistent uncertainties in models used to predict and evaluate truck weight regulatory changes. The analysis reveals that carriers hauling heavy (i.e., weigh-out) commodities adapt immediately to increases in GVW limits if there is no need to purchase new vehicles. When a regulatory change coincides with the introduction of a new, more productive vehicle configuration, the uptake of the new vehicle lags behind the regulatory change by a few years. Finally, configurations exhibit different GVW distributions and responses to increased GVW limits depending on whether the configurations are well suited for hauling weigh-out or cube-out commodities. This differential response demonstrates how regulations facilitate fleet diversity within the trucking industry’s approach to the road freight transport task.

Systematic review methodology for development: An example from microfinance

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Van Rooyen ◽  
Ruth Stewart ◽  
Thea De Wet
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
International Development ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Systematic Review Methodology ◽  
Development Interventions ◽  
The Us ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Evidence Based Decision Making

Big international development donors such as the UK’s Department for International Development and USAID have recently started using systematic review as a methodology to assess the effectiveness of various development interventions to help them decide what is the ‘best’ intervention to spend money on. Such an approach to evidence-based decision-making has long been practiced in the health sector in the US, UK, and elsewhere but it is relatively new in the development field. In this article we use the case of a systematic review of the impact of microfinance on the poor in sub-Saharan African to indicate how systematic review as a methodology can be used to assess the impact of specific development interventions.

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