scholarly journals Simulating the impact of landscape-level biodiversity guidelines: A case study

1999 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Andison ◽  
Peter L. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Landscape Management ◽  
Natural Disturbance ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Pass System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Landscape Level

British Columbia, along with most of the rest of North America, is becoming preoccupied with emulating natural landscape patterns under the auspices of ecosystem management. With their Biodiversity Guidebook, BC developed one of the first collections of rules for landscape management purposes. The landscape-level rules developed therein are representative of those being developed in other areas of North America. This research compared, in simulation, a range of patterns created by these guidelines for a landscape in central BC, against those created from the historical 60 hectare two-pass system, and a "natural" disturbance regime. Results indicate that the biodiversity guidelines created more natural levels of patch sizes, interior forest area, and seral stage percentages compared to the two-pass system. However, the guidelines failed to create more natural rates of disturbance, or ranges of patch sizes and interior areas in old and mature forest. Furthermore, the implied degree of naturalness of the low, medium, and high biodiversity options did not necessarily hold true. The simulation results presented in this paper show that the concept of mimicry involves much more than originally had been supposed, and that there are limits to the degree to which mimicry can be used as a landscape management paradigm with our current knowledge and ability. A strategy for working towards a natural landscape pattern program for forest management is discussed. Key words: landscape level, biodiversity, simulation, disturbance

scholarly journals The Integrated Hydropower Sustainability Assessment in Tajikistan: A Case Study of Rogun Hydropower Plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Zhao Xu ◽  
Yumin Niu ◽  
Yangze Liang ◽  
Zhigang Li ◽  
Atoev Iftikhor
Keyword(s):  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Hydropower Plant ◽  
Sustainable Performance ◽  
The Impact

Tajikistan has formulated the strategy to rejuvenate the country through hydropower. The Rogun hydropower plant (HPP) is designed as the highest hydropower station, while its sustainability is also questioned due to a lack of comprehensive sustainability evaluation. Considering that the external environment of Rogun HPP is complex and changeable, its sustainable performance will be fragile and inconstant. To comprehensively assess the sustainable performance, an integrated evaluation framework, covering the current and dynamic sustainable performance, is urgently established. Therefore, this paper firstly explored the hydropower sustainability assessment indicators which can conform to Tajikistan’s situations and further examined the current sustainable performance of Rogun HPP. The case study found that Rogun HPP’s current financial viability, involuntary resettlement, the measures to prevent corruption, and information disclosure were seriously deficient. The SWOT analysis indicated the external factors, such as the Belt and Road Initiative, improving business environment, and easing geopolitical disputes, can eliminate weaknesses and improve the sustainable performance of Rogun HPP. At the same time, tight fiscal allocations and economic downturns will have negative influences on the sustainable performance. The integrated evaluation tool established in this paper can not only evaluate the current sustainable performance but also consider the impact of external factors on sustainable performance from a dynamic perspective. This paper contributes to the current knowledge system by establishing the hydropower sustainability assessment system which is suitable for Tajikistan’s conditions. Moreover, the results are informative for the decision-makers to have a better understanding of Rogun HPP’s current strengths and weaknesses, valuable opportunities, and potential threats.

Regional Impact on Technological Change: The Evolution and Development of the Twin-Wire Paper Machine from 1950 to 1988

1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1503-1520 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Ofori-Amoah
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Paper Machine ◽  
Corporate Strategies ◽  
Paper Making ◽  
Evolution And Development ◽  
Consumer Tastes ◽  
The Impact

In this paper the impact of regions on the evolution and development of technology is examined via a new paper-making technology (the twin-wire machine) as a case study. In particular, differences in raw material and physical environmental conditions, consumer tastes and preferences, and industrial organization and corporate strategies between the two regions, North America and Europe, provided different demand and supply conditions for the development of the twin-wire technology. These conditions initially influenced the development of different twin-wire trajectories in North America and Europe. Later on, these trajectories began to converge as the supply and demand conditions, which had established them, began to change.

scholarly journals Study on the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Spatial Behavior of Urban Tourists Based on Commentary Big Data: A Case Study of Nanjing, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 678
Author(s):  
Yu Gao ◽  
Dongqi Sun ◽  
Jingxiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Central City ◽  
Spatial Behavior ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Spatial Trajectory ◽  
The Impact

The global outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic has caused a considerable impact on humans, which expresses the urgency and importance of studying its impacts. Previous studies either frequently use aggregated research methods of statistic data or stay during COVID-19. The afterward impacts of COVID-19 on human behaviors need to be explored further. This article carries out a non-aggregated study methodology in human geography based on big data from social media comments and takes Nanjing, China, as the research case to explore the afterward impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on the spatial behavior of urban tourists. Precisely, we propose the methodology covers two main aspects regarding travel contact trajectory and spatial trajectory. In contact trajectory, we explore three indicators—Connection Strength, Degree Centrality, and Betweenness Centrality—of the collected attractions. Then, in spatial trajectory, we input the results from contact trajectory into ArcGIS by using the Orientation–Destination Model and Standard Deviation Ellipse to explore the influences on the spatial pattern. By setting up comparative groups for the three periods of before, during, and after the COVID-19 in Nanjing, this study found that, in the post-epidemic era, (1) the spatial behavior of urban tourists showed a state of overall contraction; (2) the objects of contraction changed from urban architectural attractions to urban natural attractions; (3) the form of contraction presents concentric circles with the central city (Old City of Nanjing) as the core; (4) the direction of contraction heads to the large-scale natural landscape in the central city, which highlights the importance of green open spaces in the post-epidemic era.

Promoting entrepreneurial intention through a higher education program integrated in an entrepreneurship ecosystem

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Ferrandiz ◽  
Pilar Fidel ◽  
Andrea Conchado
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to improve the current knowledge of the effects of a higher education program for entrepreneurs, integrated in an entrepreneurial ecosystem, in the entrepreneurial intention of the students. Design/methodology/approach For this, group dynamics have been carried out with the students to know the process of entrepreneurial learning, the acquisition of competences, the mentoring received and the influence of the program in its entrepreneurial intention in the short and medium term. Findings The results suggest that the program positively influences students’ entrepreneurial intention, especially in the medium term. In particular, they point out that working personal skills in the program contribute to the development of their entrepreneurial project. On the other hand, mentoring requires a more methodical accompaniment and a greater degree of specialization of the mentors. Research limitations/implications This research represents an excellent first step toward a better understanding of the factors that influence entrepreneurial intention. In addition, they lead to improve existing knowledge about the impact of entrepreneurial higher education. The only limitation of the paper is given by its nature as a case study. Practical implications The case study aims to provide the results of the practical experience of a higher education program in entrepreneurship and serve as a basis for future lines of research that address the research gap based on the need of identification of best practices in entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial behavior. Social implications This work brings practical experience that inspires diverse social actors as managers of higher education programs, managers of ecosystems entrepreneurs and public institutions. Originality/value Our findings respond to previous concerns on the results of programs aimed at training future entrepreneurs. Besides, this work describes an interesting case study based on a postgraduate program, while most of the previous studies have been limited to undergraduate programs.

scholarly journals Crime and the Regional Disparities in Tourist Inflows: A Case Study of South Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 356-375
Author(s):  
Busani Moyo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
North America ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
Sexual Crime ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
World Income ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of crime proxied by different indicators on regional tourist inflows to South Africa. The estimations are carried out using the Johansen estimation techniques. Monthly data gathered from March 2003 to April 2011 is employed and the results from the estimations found that total crime has a negative effect on tourists from Africa, North America, Central and Southern America, West and Southern Europe. However, the level of crime in the country appears to have no influence at all to tourist from the Middle East whilst those from Asia are more sensitive to the level of sexual crime. At the different categories of crime investigated, tourists react differently. In line with the findings of the existing literature, the real exchange rate and world income remain to have a significant effect on tourist inflows from most of the regions.

scholarly journals A case study on the impact of severe convective storms on the water vapor mixing ratio in the lower mid-latitude stratosphere observed in 2019 over Europe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Khordakova ◽  
Christian Rolf ◽  
Jens-Uwe Grooß ◽  
Rolf Müller ◽  
Paul Konopka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
North America ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Lower Stratosphere ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
Climate Feedback ◽  
Sharp Drop ◽  
Vapor Injection ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Extreme convective events in the troposphere not only have immediate impacts on the surface, they can also influence the dynamics and composition of the lower stratosphere (LS). One major impact is the moistening of the LS by overshooting convection. This effect plays a crucial role in climate feedback as small changes of water vapor in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) have a large impact on the radiation budget of the atmosphere. In this case study, we investigate water vapor injections into the LS by two consecutive convective events in the European mid-latitudes within the framework of the MOSES (Modular Observation Solutions for Earth Systems) measurement campaign during the early summer of 2019. Using balloon-borne instruments, rare measurements of the convective water vapor injection into the stratosphere were performed. The magnitude of the water vapor reached up to 12.1 ppmv with an estimated background value of 5 ppmv. Hence it is in the same order of magnitude as earlier reports of water vapor injection by convective overshooting above North America. However the overshooting took place in the extra-tropical stratosphere and has an impact on long-term water vapor mixing ratios in the stratosphere compared to the Monsoon-influenced region in North America. At the altitude of the measured injection, a sharp drop in a local ozone enhancement peak makes the observed composition of air very unique with high ozone up to 696 ppbv and high water vapor up to 12.1 ppmv. While ERA-Interim data does not show any signal of the convective overshoot, the measured values in the LS are underestimated by MLS satellite data and overestimated by ERA5 reanalysis data. Backward trajectories of the measured injected air masses reveal that the moistening of the LS took place several hours before the balloon launch. This is in good agreement with reanalyses and satellite data showing a strong change in the structure of isotherms, and a sudden and short-lived increase in potential vorticity at the altitude of the trajectory, as well as low cloud top brightness temperatures during the overshooting event.

scholarly journals The Impact of an Environmental Way of Customer’s Thinking on a Range of Choice from Transport Routes in Maritime Transport

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1230
Author(s):  
Andrej David ◽  
Peter Mako ◽  
Jan Lizbetin ◽  
Patrik Bohm
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Maritime Transport ◽  
General Description ◽  
Container Shipping ◽  
Container Transport ◽  
Decision Method ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

The paper deals with the impact that an environmental way of thinking has on shipping and transport company customers regarding their preferences in choosing a transport route. Nowadays, maritime transport plays a very important role mainly in transoceanic container transport. It also deals with the statistics focused on container shipping, especially between North America and Europe. These statistics contribute to a general description of the development of container shipping on the route that is applicated in this case study. The significant impact of this kind of transport also reflects the estimation of the future development of container transport on the selected transport route. In this view, the least square method is used in this paper. This method can present the trend of development according to statistics. Thanks to these materials, this paper estimates a slight increase of the number of containers transported between North America and Europe in the near future. This increase will have a certain effect on the environment. Thus, as part of their business policy of sustainability and environment protection, customers will prefer a mode of transport and transport routes featuring a smaller effect on the environment in the future. The relevance of such a change in preferences in planning transport routes for the customer is reflected in the case study presented in this paper. So, one part of this paper is also dedicated to information about the impact of maritime transport on the environment. This part also explains the impact according to different studies that have been published in the last few years. The main contribution of this paper is also to point out the importance of this factor for the preferences of customers via the multi-criteria decision method. Using a multi-criteria decision method, it outlines how the factor of the impact on the environment can significantly change the offer made by a transport or shipping company, and thus how it represents a key element of whether the customer would prefer the given offer or focus on a competitor’s offer.

scholarly journals How Does High-Speed Rail Affect Tourism? A Case Study of the Capital Region of China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Yin ◽  
Francesca Pagliara ◽  
Alan Wilson
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Spatial Interaction ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Capital Region ◽  
Tourism Management ◽  
Spatial Distribution Characteristics ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study is to analyze the tourism spatial interaction that defines two scenarios, i.e., the actual one with the current high-speed rail (HSR) network, and the future one with an extension of the HSR network, considering as a case study the Capital region of China. The impact of HSR on the spatial distribution characteristics is investigated. The main outcome of this study is that the extension of the HSR network in the future scenario will significantly increase the total tourism spatial interaction and will reduce the spatial difference. What this paper adds to the current knowledge about HSR and tourism is that smaller cities, such as Tangshan, Zhangjiakou, and Chengde, connected via HSR to core cities will benefit the most from the HSR network’s operation. Those cities should take the HSR network as a development opportunity to enhance their attractiveness and strengthen their marketing to achieve sustainable tourism competitiveness. The study found that effects can also be registered on larger cities, but they are smaller. So, larger cities, such as Beijing and Tianjin, should reassess their attractiveness to the tourist market and take corresponding countermeasures. The findings of this study can be used by tourism management authorities to develop short-term and long-term plans.

scholarly journals Application of analytic hierarchy process in landscape management: Case study area Kosutnjak park-forest

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Lakicevic ◽  
Bojan Srdjevic
Keyword(s):  
Analytic Hierarchy Process ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Landscape Management ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Tourism Potential ◽  
Management Case Study ◽  
Hierarchy Process

Proper management is one of key elements of the natural landscape protection strategy. Park-forests with protected and conserved natural elements represent attractive eco-tourism urban zones. Kosutnjak is the most visited park-forest in Serbian capitol Belgrade, unfortunately with increasing number of degraded and devastated areas as a consequence of negative human impacts in the past. In order to conserve natural values in this popular forested city area, and to improve its tourism potential, we found that in achieving that goal, it is meaningful to asses possible management practices and identify the most desired one by applying the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), scientifically sound multi-criteria decision making tool. Based on the obtained results, a recommended strategy is to renovate natural vegetation and to promote recreational and tourism offer in Kosutnjak with respect of the sustainability principle.

scholarly journals Particularities of Forest Dynamics Using Higuchi Dimension. Parâng Mountains as a Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Adrian Gabriel Simion ◽  
Ion Andronache ◽  
Helmut Ahammer ◽  
Marian Marin ◽  
Vlad Loghin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disturbance ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Loss Analysis ◽  
Local Characteristics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Territorial Systems

The legal or illegal losses and the natural disturbance regime of forest areas in Romania generate major imbalances in territorial systems. The main purpose of the current research was to examine the dynamics of the complexity of forests under the influence of forest loss but also to compare the applicability of Higuchi dimension. In this study, two fractal algorithms, Higuchi 1D (H1D) and Higuchi 2D (H2D), were used to determine qualitative and quantitative aspects based on images obtained from a Geographic Information System (GIS) database. The H1D analysis showed that the impact of forest loss has led to increased fragmentation of the forests, generating a continuous increase in the complexity of forest areas. The H2D analysis identified the complexity of forest morphology by the relationship between each pixel and the neighboring pixels from analyzed images, which allowed us to highlight the local characteristics of the forest loss. The H1D and H2D methods showed that they have the speed and simplicity required for forest loss analysis. Using this methodology complementary to GIS analyses, a relevant status of how forest loss occurred and their impact on tree-cover dynamics was obtained.

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