Careful Logging – A Cooperative Workshop on Mechanized Logging in Selection Harvesting

2012 ◽  
Vol 88 (04) ◽  
pp. 379-380
Author(s):  
Nicole Bergevin
Keyword(s):  
Selection Harvesting

scholarly journals A Comparison of Logging Planning, Felling, and Skyline Yarding Costs Between Clearcutting and Five Group-Selection Harvesting Methods

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 90-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loren D. Kellogg ◽  
Pete Bettinger ◽  
Richard M. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Group Selection ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Silvicultural Treatment ◽  
Cable Yarding ◽  
Selection Harvesting ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Manual Felling ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Logging planning, felling, and cable yarding costs were determined for five group-selection treatments and a clearcut in a 90 yr old Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) stand in western Oregon. The harvesting system included manual felling and a yarder rigged in a standing skyline configuration with a mechanical slackpulling carriage. The clearcut treatment had the lowest total harvest cost; costs of the group-selection treatments were 7.3 to 31.5% higher than the clearcut. Yarding cost associated with road and landing changes, plus the cost of equipment moving, set up, and tear down allocated over different treatment volumes removed had the biggest influence on total cost for each silvicultural treatment. West. J. Appl. For. 11(3):90-96.

scholarly journals Resident and cavity-nesting avian community is affected by amount but not age of white pine in central Ontario mature mixedwood forests

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 725-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian D. Thompson ◽  
Philip Wiebe ◽  
David A. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Mixedwood Forests ◽  
Large Tree ◽  
Cavity Nesters ◽  
Cavity Nesting ◽  
Large Trees ◽  
Species Abundances ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Selection Harvesting

Forests with old-growth white pines have been severely reduced compared with historical levels. We examined resident and cavity-nesting bird species abundances in winter and the breeding season, because some of these species may prefer old-forest habitats for breeding. We counted birds over 10 years in four mixedwood types: old pine, mature pine, mature nonpine, and selection-harvested stands. We expected that old pine stands would be selected by some species because of abundant snags and large trees for foraging. We assessed habitat use among years and changes following harvesting. Counts of nomadic species varied across years but counts for others did not. Species used old and mature pine mixedwoods equally and more than nonpine or harvested stands in winter and for breeding, but old stands were not preferred. Important variables included percent pine and large tree density. Selection harvesting benefitted Yellow-bellied Sapsuckers but reduced counts of Black-capped Chickadees and Brown Creepers. Black-capped Chickadees changed habitats between seasons and in some years. Black-backed Woodpeckers were most common in pine stands but abundant in harvested stands for 2 years following cutting. Regardless of stand age, large (>40 cm) pines provide important habitat for residents and cavity nesters.

Spatial distribution of injuries to Norway spruce advance growth after selection harvesting

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1903-1913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aksel Granhus ◽  
Dag Fjeld
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Forest Condition ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Spatial Risk ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Selection Harvesting ◽  
Operating Method

Injuries and mortality to advance growth (saplings) after selection harvesting was studied in 17 multistoried Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stands. Harvest removals ranged from 33 to 67% of initial basal area. Four of the stands were harvested with a motor-manual method (chain saw and skidding with farm tractors; M–FT). The remaining stands were harvested with single-grip harvesters and forwarders (H–FW). In each stand, injury rates were evaluated on a 24 × 48 m plot, located between the centre lines of two parallel strip roads that were spaced 24 m apart. All logging teams had at least 5 years of experience in clear-cutting and thinning operations. The trees to be removed and the strip road centre lines were marked prior to harvest. Mortality varied from 5 to 51%, whereas total injury (injured + dead saplings) varied from 17 to 76%. Mortality and injury levels were generally highest on H–FW plots. Crown reduction and leaning stems were the most frequent types of injury, regardless of operating method. Injury rates increased with sapling height with the H–FW method, whereas the opposite was found on M–FT plots. Saplings without preharvest damage in the form of top or leader defects had a higher probability of being injured than saplings with such damage in stands harvested with the M–FT method. A similar difference was not found on H–FW plots. A logistic regression model shows that the spatial risk of injury depends on the interaction between forest condition factors and operational characteristics. Forest condition factors influencing the risk of injury are sapling height and the location of saplings relative to larger residual trees and strip roads. Corresponding operational characteristics are operating method and harvest intensity.

scholarly journals Group selection harvesting supports diversity of forest specialist carabids

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bela Tóthmérész ◽  
Tibor Magura ◽  
Szabolcs Mizser ◽  
David D. Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Group Selection ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Specialist Species ◽  
Selection Harvesting

Increased fragmentation and considerable environmental changes in native forests caused by the timber-oriented forest managements are threatening the biodiversity of forests. As a remediation, uneven-aged approach is recommended during forest management, because this is less intensive and could be less harmful than even-aged practices. We tested the effects of clear-cutting (as even-aged method) and group selection harvesting (as uneven-aged method) on carabids in lowland oak forests. Pitfall traps and litter sifting were used during the study. We found that the total number of species was significantly higher in the gaps harvested by group selection and in the clear-cut than in the mature forests (control area). The species richness of forest specialist species was significantly lower in the clear-cuts than in the other area. Our findings demonstrated that the conventional clear-cutting caused a decrease in the number of forest specialist species. Therefore, group selection method should be favoured during forest management to maintain diversity.

scholarly journals Natural regeneration of senescent even-aged beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stands under the conditions of Central Bohemia

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 144-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bílek ◽  
J. Remeš ◽  
D. Zahradník
Keyword(s):  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Outer Face ◽  
Crown Cover ◽  
Silvicultural Treatments ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Selection Harvesting

The natural regeneration of beech (<I>Fagus sylvatica</I> L.) was studied under various shelterwood densities and silvicultural treatments in senescent beech stands in Central Bohemia. Four permanent research plots differed in shelterwood density, crown cover and average relative light intensities. Between 2003 and 2007, seed production, seedling emergence and survival were followed. The mean density of beech seeds (full and empty) per 1 m<sup>2</sup> was estimated in another forest stand. In the autumn of 2003 the values were distinctly higher than those indicated for full mast years of beech. Despite high losses during the wintering of seeds, relatively low germination and high first-season mortality, the high density of 1-year-old beech seedlings indicates that these elements are not the factors which hinder natural regeneration. The thickness of the humus horizons influenced the density of young beech seedlings during all the three years. Ground vegetation was more frequent outside the crown projections of parent trees and increased with distance from the nearest tree. A reduction of crown cover to the level of 80% was an appropriate measure that assured the high survival of beech regeneration during the observed four-year period. Border cutting with the outer face oriented towards the east has to be considered as less suitable for beech regeneration than shelterwood systems and group selection harvesting.

scholarly journals Improving the Composition of Beech-Dominated Northern Hardwood Understories in Northern Maine

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 186-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Nelson ◽  
Robert G. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Optimal Treatment ◽  
Red Maple ◽  
Yellow Birch ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
Hardwood Species ◽  
Understory Composition ◽  
Glyphosate Herbicide ◽  
Selection Harvesting

Abstract The natural regeneration that develops following the shelterwood and selection harvesting of northern hardwood stands across the Northeast is often plagued by an overabundance of American beech infected with beech bark disease. This regenerating beech typically dominates and interferes with the regeneration of more desired hardwood species (sugar maple, yellow birch, and red maple), lowering the productivity and value of future stands. We tested factorial combinations of glyphosate herbicide (Accord Concentrate) rate and surfactant (Entrée 5735) concentration to identify an optimal treatment that would maximize beech control while minimizing sugar maple injury. Third-year posttreatment results revealed that glyphosate rate was a more important factor than surfactant concentration in reducing beech abundance and preserving sugar maple. The optimal treatment (0.56‐1.12 kg/ha of glyphosate plus 0.25‐0.5% surfactant) selectively removed 60‐80% of beech stems, whereas sugar maple control was less than 20%. The five dominant hardwood species differed substantially in their susceptibility to the treatments in the following decreasing order: beech > striped maple > yellow birch > red maple > sugar maple. Similar results produced using a backpack mistblower suggested transferability of treatment effects to operational applications using a tractor-mounted mistblower. Our findings indicate that this relatively low-cost and effective treatment can substantially improve the understory composition of northern hardwood stands.

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