scholarly journals Mental health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic associated with social isolation

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jairo Ramírez-Ortiz ◽  
Diego Castro-Quintero ◽  
Carmen Lerma-Córdoba ◽  
Francisco Yela-Ceballos ◽  
Franklin Escobar-Córdoba
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Complex Disorders ◽  
Psychological Disturbances ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual

The 2019 coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) is a public health emergency of international concern, which poses a major challenge to mental health as a result of its unprecedented impact in this 21st century. Research in past epidemics has revealed a deep and wide range of psychosocial consequences at the individual and collective level. There are multiple associated psychological disturbances, ranging from isolated symptoms to complex disorders with marked impairment of functionality, such as insomnia, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Therefore, it is necessary for mental health services to develop strategies that allow them to react skillfully and provide support to health workers and the affected population so as to reduce the psychological impact as well as the development of psychiatric symptoms. The purpose of this reflection article is to show the possible consequences on the mental health of the population as a result of social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Harmful Effects of COVID-19 on Mental Health and Its Social Repercussions

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Social Reaction ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic constitutes a global emergency, with a high impact on public health, including mental health. This situation currently represents a challenge for health professionals in all fields. In the absence of a definitive cure, the most effective measures to reduce the number of infected cases is those that involve social isolation and specifically the establishment of quarantines. Objective: To determine the psychological disorders most frequently presented during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: A bibliographic and documentary review was carried out on the subject in authorized digital data sources and websites of recognized scientific prestige on psychological and social aspects, linked to the epidemics that occurred historically and in particular to the Covid-19 pandemic. The consultations were made in Scopus, EBSCO Health, PubMed (search engine), SciELO and PsycINFO, with an emphasis on original articles and systematic reviews. For the search, the following keywords were used in English and Spanish: quarantine, social isolation, psychological impact, psychological and social reaction. Conclusions: Prolonged confinement and social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic has been responsible for the deterioration of mental health in some individuals, due to the post-traumatic stress that these conditions generate, manifesting itself more frequently by anxiety, depression, insomnia and panic. which has led to harmful behaviors and inappropriate social behaviors, explained in a general way by anxiety and panic of deficiencies, mainly food.

scholarly journals Trauma Without Borders: The Necessity for School-Based Interventions in Treating Unaccompanied Refugee Minors

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 551-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Franco
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Culturally Responsive ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Unaccompanied Refugee Minors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Refugee Minors

AbstractThis article explores migration trauma among Mexican and Central American unaccompanied refugee minors (URM) with the purpose of developing an understanding of migration as a tripartite process consisting of: pre-migration exposure to traumatic stressors, in-journey stressors, and post-migration stressors. The migration experience of these youth may be subjectively different depending on a wide range of factors. The complexities of migration are explored as a traumatic, tripartite process. These three salient components of migration may act as precursors, often resulting in psychological sequelae such as: post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression. Of all migrant groups, URM are more likely to develop psychiatric symptoms. Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT), Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Trauma in Schools (CBITS), and Mental Health for Immigrants Program (MHIP) are among the most effective interventions in the treatment of PTSD, anxiety, and depression in refugee minors. Social workers in schools are in unique positions to provide mental health services to URM. A case example illustrating a cultural adaptation of TF-CBT in an urban public high school is included. Clinical implications of culturally responsive and trauma-informed treatment of URM in schools will be discussed. Additionally, this article will emphasize the importance of bridging the gap between research and culturally responsive, trauma-informed interventions for URM in schools.

Mental health in a conflict area: Migration, economic stress and religiosity in the three southernmost provinces of Thailand

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Ford ◽  
Aree Jampaklay ◽  
Aphichat Chamratrithirong
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Economic Stress ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
World Health ◽  
Thai Government ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Aim: Three southern provinces of Thailand, Pattani, Yala and Narathiwat, have been involved in a long period of unrest due to differences between the population in the provinces and the Thai government with regard to language, culture and governance. The objectives of this article are to examine the effects of everyday stressors due to the conflict, including economic stress and migration, as well as the effect of religiosity on the reporting of psychiatric symptoms among adults in the three provinces. Methods: Data were drawn from a survey conducted in 2014. The survey included a probability sample of 2,053 Muslim adults aged 18–59 years.Mental health was assessed using World Health Organization’s (WHO) Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) of 20 questions. Multilevel models were estimated to examine the influence of economic stress due to the conflict, as well as community and individual aspects of migration and religion on mental health. Results: The data showed that migration from the household and the community and the economic effects of the unrest were associated with reporting of more psychiatric symptoms among adults in the southern provinces. Religion was related to reporting of fewer psychiatric symptoms at the individual and the community levels. Conclusion: The study documented increased reporting of psychiatric symptoms among persons reporting perceived household economic stress due to the conflict and the migration of family members.

The Practice of Community Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health Social Work in Salford Some Implications for Community Care

1988 ◽  
Vol 152 (6) ◽  
pp. 783-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Wooff ◽  
D. P. Goldberg ◽  
T. Fryers
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Nurses ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Mental Health Staff ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Community Psychiatric ◽  
Wide Range

The context and content of work undertaken with individual clients by community psychiatric nurses (CPNs) and mental health social workers (MHSWs) in Salford were found to be significantly different. Although there were some areas of overlap, the ways in which the two professions worked were quite distinct. MHSWs discussed a wide range of topics and were as concerned with clients' interactions with family and community networks as they were with symptoms. Their interviews with schizophrenic clients followed a similar pattern to those with other groups, and they worked closely with psychiatrists and other mental health staff. CPNs, on the other hand, focused mainly on psychiatric symptoms, treatment arrangements, and medications, and spent significantly less time with individual psychotic clients than they did with patients suffering from neuroses. They were as likely to be in contact with general practitioners as they were with psychiatrists, and had fewer contacts with other mental health staff than the MHSWs. There was evidence that the long-term care of chronic psychiatric patients living outside hospital required more co-ordinated long-term multidisciplinary input.

Parasitic infection and chronic energy deficiency in adults

Parasitology ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 107 (S1) ◽  
pp. S159-S167 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Shetty ◽  
N. Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Critical Determinant ◽  
Energy Deficiency ◽  
Chronic Energy Deficiency ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Relationship Of

Interactions between infection and nutrition have been well recognized for several years now since they contribute directly to the health of individuals and communities. Malnourished individuals are specially prone to developing infections while infections themselves can lead to profound changes in the nutritional status of the individual. Health workers in developing countries in the tropics have long recognized the mutually aggravating interactions of malnutrition and infection. The importance of this synergistic relationship between infection and nu-tritional status has been studied extensively in the case of young children. The nutritional status of a young child is a critical determinant of both c morbidity and mortality resulting from a wide range of infections: bacterial, viral, or parasitic. Chandra (1983), in his review on the relationship of nutrition, immunity and infection has categorized the wide range of infectious agents (bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic) into those that are definitely, variably or minimally influenced by the nutritional status of the child.

scholarly journals The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Julia Budzyńska ◽  
Magdalena Leśniewska ◽  
Ilona Kozioł ◽  
Joanna Milanowska
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Past Infection ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: The outbreak of a coronavirus pandemic in 2019 posed a serious threat to the global population. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has not only been a public health emergency, but has also affected mental health worldwide. Patients were exposed to a number of significant stressors during COVID-19 infection by which it appears that it may have had a major impact on mental health. Little is known about changes in levels of psychological affect, stress, anxiety and depression during this pandemic.AIM OF THE STUDY: The purpose of this study was to analyze the most recent available literature on the association of pandemic COVID-19 with psychiatric disorders occurring both as a result of past infection and in response to stress associated with the new situation of a global epidemic of Sars-CoV-2 virus.RESULTS: The psychological effects of the epidemic are clearly noticeable. The study identified groups particularly vulnerable to developing symptoms of anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. Risk factors were also identified in people working in health care as having direct contact with the effects of infection with the new virus.SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS: Key elements of preventing psychological impact are the creation of a mental health organization. Another important task for governments is to create the conditions for economic security, as financial problems or job losses can also be the cause of mental crises.

Psychiatric Assessment in Remote Aboriginal Communities

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Sheldon
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Remote Area ◽  
Mental Health Workers ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Psychiatric Assessment ◽  
Senior Registrar ◽  
Aboriginal Communities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Kinship Ties

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the psychiatric assessment of Aboriginal patients from remote Aboriginal communities in Central Australia. Method: The method consisted of a summary of the experiences gained during a dissertation year placement as senior registrar with the Northern Territory Remote Area Mental Health Team. Results: Remote area Aboriginal psychiatry entails learning a whole new set of skills in terms of history taking and the mental state examination, a knowledge of the importance of extended kinship ties and cultural issues, the use of Aboriginal mental health workers as partners in assessing and managing patients via their families and accepting referrals from a wide range of sources. Conclusions: Working on a service providing psychiatric care to remote area Aboriginal communities can be a deeply rewarding personal and professional experience.

scholarly journals Public Safety Personnel’s interpretations of potentially traumatic events

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Ricciardelli ◽  
S Czarnuch ◽  
T O Afifi ◽  
T Taillieu ◽  
R N Carleton
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Occupational Culture ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Potentially Traumatic Events ◽  
Public Safety Personnel ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background Many public safety personnel (PSP) experience trauma directly or indirectly in their occupational role, yet there remain barriers to accessing care or seeking help. Aims To understand how PSP interpret different potentially traumatic events and how perceived eligibility for being traumatized is determined among PSP. Methods We analysed open-ended comments provided by over 800 PSP in a survey designed to assess the prevalence of post-traumatic stress injuries and other mental disorders. Results We found evidence that a trauma hierarchy may exist among PSP. Certain experiences may be interpreted as more traumatic, based on both the event and the PSP role in the actual event. For example, involvement in a shooting may be interpreted as more traumatic than arriving on the scene later. Similarly, a single event may be deemed more traumatic than an accumulation of events. The role of the individual and social context in shaping experiences and interpretations of trauma may be largely ignored in line with confirmation biases. Conclusions The role that individuals and social contexts play in shaping experiences and interpretations of trauma appear suppressed by perceptions of a trauma hierarchy, facilitating systematic discrediting or valuation of some experiences, therein evidencing that trauma is subjective and reinforcing barriers to care seeking. A trauma hierarchy may also propagate stigma and legitimize discrimination regarding mental health. We argue that recognizing, engaging with, and dismantling the perception of a trauma hierarchy may help create a respectful and open occupational culture supportive of mental health needs.

scholarly journals Addressing the psychological impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers: learning from a systematic review of early interventions for frontline responders

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e044134
Author(s):  
Jasmine Jean Hooper ◽  
Lisa Saulsman ◽  
Tammy Hall ◽  
Flavie Waters
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Clinical Issue ◽  
Frontline Workers ◽  
Healthcare Settings

ObjectivesProtecting healthcare workers from psychological harm is an urgent clinical issue within the current COVID-19 pandemic. Research on early psychological programmes that aim to prevent or reduce mental health symptoms and that have been tested in frontline responders may assist service providers with choosing a suitable intervention for rapid dissemination in healthcare settings.Design and outcome measuresFirst, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO and Google Scholar were searched through a systematic literature review of early psychological interventions administered to frontline responders in the last 15 years. Interventions were included if they were designed to prevent or reduce psychological impact and had outcome measures of psychological distress (eg, general psychopathology, post-traumatic stress disorder and stress) and/or positive mental health domains (eg, resilience, self-efficacy and life satisfaction). Second, the suitability of these programmes for the healthcare workforce was evaluated according to the criteria of effectiveness, content applicability and feasibility.ResultsOf 320 articles retrieved, 12 relevant studies were included that described six early psychological interventions. Although the evidence base is limited, psychological first aid, eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing, and trauma risk management showed effectiveness across at least two studies each with frontline workers. Resilience and coping for the healthcare community; anticipate, plan, and deter; and resilience at work programmes found promising results in single studies. Concerning other suitability criteria, all programmes appear applicable to healthcare settings and have acceptable feasibility for rapid implementation.ConclusionsDespite the limited evidence, several interventions were identified as potentially suitable and useful for improving psychological functioning of healthcare workers across a variety of disaster situations. Service providers should continue to implement and evaluate early psychological interventions in frontline workers in order to refine best practices for managing the psychological impact of future disasters.

scholarly journals Automated Assessment of Psychiatric Disorders Using Speech: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Mark Low ◽  
Kate H. Bentley ◽  
Satrajit S Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
Acoustic Features ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Health Assessments

Objective: There are many barriers to accessing mental health assessments including cost and stigma. Even when individuals receive professional care, assessments are intermittent and may be limited partly due to the episodic nature of psychiatric symptoms. Therefore, machine learning technology using speech samples obtained in the clinic or remotely could one day be a biomarker to improve diagnosis and treatment. To date, reviews have only focused on using acoustic features from speech to detect depression and schizophrenia. Here we present the first systematic review of studies using speech for automated assessments across a broader range of psychiatric disorders.Methods: We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. We included studies from the last 10 years using speech to identify the presence or severity of disorders within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–5). For each disorder we describe sample size, clinical evaluation method, speech-eliciting tasks, machine learning methodology, performance, and other relevant findings. Results: 1395 studies were screened of which 127 studies met the inclusion criteria. The majority of studies were on depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder, and the remaining on post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety disorders, and eating disorders. 63% of studies built machine learning predictive models, and the remaining 37% performed null-hypothesis testing only. We provide an online database with our search results and synthesize how acoustic features appear in each disorder.Conclusion: Speech processing technology could aid mental health assessments, but there are many obstacles to overcome, especially the need for comprehensive transdiagnostic and longitudinal studies. Given the diverse types of datasets, feature extraction, computational methodologies, and evaluation criteria, we provide guidelines for both acquiring data and building machine learning models with a focus on testing hypotheses, open science, reproducibility, and generalizability.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document