Optimal treatment of unligated side branch of internal mammary artery: Coil, amplatzer vascular plug or graft stent? A case report and literature review

Author(s):  
Ferhat Ozyurtlu
Vascular ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 170853812110251
Author(s):  
Umberto M Bracale ◽  
Anna Petrone ◽  
Michele Provenzano ◽  
Nicola Ielapi ◽  
Liborio Ferrante ◽  
...  

Objectives The Amplatzer Vascular Plug (AVP) is a vascular occlusion device designed to provide optimal embolization in several fields of the endovascular surgery. A full literature review was conducted to analyze AVPs in comparison with coils for the prevention of endoleaks during endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Methods A systematic review was designed under PRISMA statement guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The results were updated with a subsequent electronic search using Medline and Scopus databases up to December 2019. Results Eighteen articles making this comparison were found. In 79.7% of the cases, the target vessel was the internal iliac artery; in 1.6%, the common iliac artery; and in 16.7%, the inferior mesenteric artery. Risk of complications (buttock claudication, groin hematoma, endoleaks, and erectile dysfunction) after AVP was low. A cost comparison revealed that the mean cost for coils was around US$2262, while the average cost for the AVP was US$310. Conclusions The AVP is an effective and safe device for occluding peripheral vessels, proved to have lower complications rates. Compared with coil embolization, the AVP technique is potentially associated with lower procedural costs.


Author(s):  
Zachary Oman ◽  
Lucas Gu ◽  
Nauman Khalid ◽  
Rahil Rafeedheen ◽  
Hassan Alkhawam ◽  
...  

Coronary artery disease (CAD) has become a common diagnosis. Managing the symptoms of CAD continues to be an ongoing dilemma requiring optimal medication management or potential revascularization with either percutaneous coronary interventions or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). We present a case of debilitating refractory angina in a patient with severe CAD after optimal medical therapy and CABG secondary to coronary steal phenomenon via the left internal mammary artery conduit supplying a large unligated side branch to the internal chest wall. While current data are inconclusive on this phenomenon, our patient had complete resolution of angina following coil embolization of unligated side branch of the internal mammary artery.   


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