scholarly journals Limiting Factors on Speed and Load of Diesel Engines Vehicle Urban Air Quality Management in Thailand

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Kritchai Kongkratoke ◽  
Surat Bualert ◽  
Kasem Chunkao
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Particulate Matter Emission ◽  
Traffic Jam ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
The City

Speed and load of diesel engine vehicles are the important factors affected on the fine particulate matter emission in Thailand.<strong> </strong>This study aimed to study the relation of speed and load of diesel engine vehicles affected on the emission of fine particulate matter in Thailand and also related to the emission of the exhaust from diesel engine vehicles. The experiment was designed into a x b Factorial Experiment in Completely Randomized Design. It was divided into 2 experiments as follows: 1) to study the emission of fine particulate matter in Euro 4 diesel engine vehicles, and 2) to study the emission of fine particulate matter in Euro 3 diesel engine vehicles. Moreover, it was to study 3 levels of speed in the driving form of diesel engine vehicles under Bangkok Driving Cycle, 3 levels of load, and 3 replications by using the experiment in Chassis Dynamometer System, and demonstrating the driving similarly to the actual driving. The samples of fine particulate matter from the exhaust were from the speed and load by using Micro-Orifice Uniform Deposition Impactors; MOUDI which had the size from 0.056-18 microns with the flow rate at 30 liter/ minute. The result from this study was found that the experiment of Euro 4 diesel engine vehicles had the factors of speed and load which affected on the emission of fine particulate matter at the level of 0.05, and F-value was 240.03 and 4.60 respectively. About the experiment of Euro 4 diesel engine vehicles, it had the factors of speed and load which affected on the emission of fine particulate matter at the level of 0.05, and F- value was 796.92 and 18.46 respectively. At the speed of 7.8 km/hr, the loads of empty vehicle and 1,000 kg of Euro 3 diesel engine vehicles were different at the level of 0.05. While the speed of 7.8 km/hr was at empty vehicle and 1,000 kg of Euro 4 diesel engine vehicles, it was not different in statistical significance. Therefore, there should be the regulations to control the load of the Euro 4 diesel engine vehicles lower than standard in the city with high traffic jam.

The Impact of The Pico Y Placa Policy On Fine Particulate Matter In Lima, Peru

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yovitza Romero ◽  
Priyanka deSouza ◽  
Fabio Duarte ◽  
Patrick Kinney ◽  
Carlo Ratti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Vehicular Emissions ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Particulate Matter Concentration ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Matter Concentration

Abstract Lima has been ranked among the top most polluted cities in the Americas. Vehicular emissions are the dominant source of pollution in the city. In order to reduce congestion and pollution levels during the XVIII Pan- and Parapan-American Games, Lima government officials enacted the pico y placa policy to restrict the number of vehicles on certain heavily trafficked roads in the city at rush hours between Monday to Thursday based on the last digit of their license plates. This policy was retained after the Games. In this paper we evaluate the impact of this policy on fine particulate matter concentration levels (PM2.5) at a background site in the city using a difference-in-difference approach. We find that the policy resulted in increases on PM2.5 levels on Monday-Thursday compared to Friday-Sunday levels after the policy was enacted, compared to previous years. However, such an increase was not significant. These results suggest the need for additional policies to reduce pollution due to traffic in Lima. It also suggests the need to track the response to this policy over time to evaluate its efficacy.

scholarly journals Spatial analysis of air masses backward trajectories in order to identify distant sources of fine particulate matter emission / Analiza przestrzenna wstecznych trajektorii mas powietrza w celu rozpoznania odległych źródeł emisji pyłu drobnego

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Godłowska ◽  
Monika J. Hajto ◽  
A. Monika Tomaszewska
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Backward Trajectories ◽  
Particulate Matter Emission ◽  
Aggregate Information ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The paper presents a method of identifying distant emission sources of fine particulate matter PM2.5 affecting significantly PM2.5 concentrations at a given location. The method involves spatial analysis of aggregate information about PM2.5 concentrations measured at the location and air masses backward trajectories calculated by HYSPLIT model. The method was examined for three locations of PM2.5 measurement stations (Diabla Góra, Gdańsk, and Katowice) which represented different environmental conditions. The backward trajectories were calculated starting from different heights (30, 50, 100 and 150 m a. g. l.). All points of a single backward trajectory were assigned to the PM2.5 concentration corresponding to the date and the site of the beginning of trajectory calculation. Daily average concentrations of PM2.5 were used, and in the case of Gdańsk also hourly ones. It enabled to assess the effectiveness of the presented method using daily averages if hourly ones were not available. Locations of distant sources of fine particulate matter emission were determined by assigning to each grid node a mean value of PM2.5 concentrations associated with the trajectories points located within the so-called search ellipse. Nearby sources of fine particulate matter emission were eliminated by filtering the trajectories points located close to each other (so-called duplicates). The analyses covered the period of January-March 2010. The results indicated the different origin of air masses in the northern and southern Poland. In Diabla Góra and Gdańsk the distant sources of fine particulate matter emission are identified in Belarus and Russia. In Katowice the impact of the Belarusian PM2.5 emission sources was also noted but as the most important fine particulate matter emission sources were considered those located in the area of Romania, Hungary, Slovakia and Ukraine.

Investigation of ultra fine particulate matter emission of rubber tires

Wear ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 394-395 ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael-Jan Foitzik ◽  
Hans-Joachim Unrau ◽  
Frank Gauterin ◽  
Johannes Dörnhöfer ◽  
Thomas Koch
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Particulate Matter Emission ◽  
Fine Particulate

scholarly journals Characterization of particulate matter in iron ore mining region of Itabira, Minas Gerais, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Vasques Freitas ◽  
Rose-Marie Belardi ◽  
Henrique de Melo Jorge Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Opencast Mining ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Particulate Matter Emission ◽  
The City

Itabira has in its territory the largest complex of opencast mining in the world, which is located close to residential areas of the city. The air quality-monitoring network installed in the city is the main source of particulate matter emission data. However, these air quality stations only cover the areas near the mines and does not measure fine particulate matter. Thus, a first field campaign was carried out to characterize the particulate matter in the city and to compare the Hi-Vol data from air quality stations with the dichotomous air sampler data. Results of trajectories cluster analysis showed a long-range transport of aerosols during the sampling days from northeast (84% of the trajectories), east-southeast (12%) and south-southwest (3%) directions. Regarding to the meteorological conditions during the sampling days, negative correlations were seen between coarse particulate matter from mostly air quality stations and all meteorological parameters (but temperature). Results of the X-ray fluorescence and principal component analyses showed that the main trace elements in the coarse and fine modes are Iron and Sulfur, associated with emissions from mining activities, air mass transport from regional iron and steelmaking industry activities, vehicle emissions, local and regional biomass burning and natural biogenic emissions. This work represents the first assessment of source apportionment done in the city. Comparisons with other studies for some Brazilian larger cities showed that Itabira has comparable contributions of sulfur, iron and elements, such as copper, selenium, chromium, nickel, vanadium and lead.

Risk assessment to health of schoolchildren on exposure to ozone and fine particulate matter from biomass burning in the city of Rio Branco – AC.

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (1) ◽  
pp. 5227
Author(s):  
Pãmela Rodrigues de Souza Silva ◽  
Beatriz Fátima Alves de Oliveira ◽  
Washington Leite Junger ◽  
Sandra Hacon ◽  
Eliane Ignotti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
The City
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