scholarly journals Economic Activities Under Uncertainty: The Difference Between Speculation, Investment and Gambling

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Raphael Max ◽  
Alexander Kriebitz ◽  
Christoph Luetge
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Clear Distinction ◽  
Risk And Uncertainty ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ethical Discourse ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Clear Line

In the ethical discourse about financial markets, the terms “investment”, “speculation” and “gambling” often seem confusing and lack a clear distinction. The inconsistent use of this terminology has concrete consequences for the public perception. We attempt to establish a concept which draws a clear line between these activities and can serve as a baseline for discourse about how to assess investment, speculation and gambling on a normative level. We analyze existing literature and develop a conceptual framework to provide an overview of the differences between investment, speculation and gambling. We conclude that gambling differs structurally from investment and speculation in terms of the classic distinction between risk and uncertainty and the separation between consuming and non-consuming activities. Moreover, we arrive at the conclusion that investment and speculation share too many similarities to be separated in a consistent way.

scholarly journals GET-RICH-QUICK SCHEMES’ IMPACT ON PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF STOCK MARKET INVESTMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (9(73)) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
G. Amanzholova
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The People ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Stock Market Investment ◽  
Investment Fraud

At this moment, only 1% of people in Kazakhstan invest in the stock market. Apart from the lack of financial education, the increasing number of seemingly legitimate fraudulent financial schemes influence the public’s perception of the stock market. This research investigates the public perceptions of investment fraud, the difference between stock market investment and financial schemes, and the consequences of confusing the two concepts. Through a survey and an interview, the research yields qualitative and quantitative data. Although the majority of the people (75%) are aware that the stock market is not a scam, a higher majority (89%) believe it is risky. Fraudsters often capitalize on the victims’ ignorance. Often get-rich-schemes are unlicensed, unregulated, and lacks transparency while offering a high amount of returns for a small investment. Therefore, raising the public's awareness will encourage them to engage in stock market investing and avoid being scammed.

Students' Pre-Election Perceptions of Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan

1981 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine P. Gelineau ◽  
Peter F. Merenda
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Community College ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Ronald Reagan ◽  
Vector Analysis ◽  
Jimmy Carter ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Difference ◽  
One Year ◽  
Activity Vector

As part of a continuing investigation into the public perception of national and international leaders, the Activity Vector Analysis (AVA) was administered to 176 community college students. Instructions were to check those words which are descriptive of Jimmy Carter and his major opponent, Ronald Reagan. The data yielded two distinct clusters, (1) around AVA Pattern 4529 for Carter, which correlated perfectly with an image observed for him one year prior in the same setting and (2) around AVA Pattern 7616 for Reagan, which correlated .81 with the “administrative pattern” of U.S. self-made company presidents. The correlation between the Carter profile and the Reagan profile was .59, suggesting some overlap in their respective public images. It is the difference between the two candidates, however, which serves as the focus for discussion.

Risk, uncertainty and the market: a rethinking of Islamic and Western finance

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Daniele D'Alvia
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Islamic Finance ◽  
Uncertainty Aversion ◽  
Risk And Uncertainty ◽  
Regulation Of Financial Markets ◽  
Money Creation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Legal Frameworks

Abstract This paper aims at providing an account of the Islamic conception of Gharar in contrast to the current Western conceptualisation of risk, using the respective financial legal frameworks of both as the criterion. One of the more decisive stakes of the difference in approach between the Islamic and contemporary Western legal orders today concern the regulation of financial markets; specifically, the definitions of risk and uncertainty – crucial characteristics of modern economies – can be understood as preferentially related to specific features of Islamic law. In the end, according to Knight, money-creation processes are centred on uncertainty. Without uncertainty, there is no profit. This is why, although different at first sight, Islamic finance with its understanding of permissible Gharar and Western finance with its uncertainty-aversion trend have become more resilient, especially since the financial crisis (2007–2010).

scholarly journals A factor analysis of characterization of “Politician” criteria by different generations in Mongolia

2019 ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Ariunsan Gantuya ◽  
Jargalsaikhan Oyunsuren
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Common Factors ◽  
Statistical Result ◽  
Gen Y ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Experience ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Gen X

Based on intergeneration theories, 2721 randomly sampled pollees are classified into 4 generations; namely Gen Z, Gen Y, Gen X and Gen BB. This paper aims to identify the difference between Mongolian generations, especially on subjective criteria to assess politicians. Based on the statistical result of factor analysis, 20 criteria are classified into 5 factors. KMO measurements above .800 and absolute significance value above .30 is used to set the boundaries for criteria grouped in one category and overlapping criteria are examined with ground justifications. Public perception of potential political representatives is researched among each generation, and commonality and discrepancies among generations are explained with quantitative verifications in the following paper. Statistics results reveal that there are common factors between Gen Z and Y, in which they perceive the factors such as the qualification and the public skills in a similar manner. Also, older generations including Gen X and BB have uniform understanding of education and political experience of politicians.

IDEAS in AGORA: Decision-Making Risk: The Difference Between Risk And Uncertainity In Economic Activities

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-46
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Vasilcovschi ◽  
Gabriela Munteanu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Utility Function ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Short Description ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Risk And Uncertainty ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Economic activities are always supposed to carry with them the risk of market. Our area of research is concerned with what is known as the model of risk decisions at the level of economic activity; a model that can be valuable at any point of economic development. In our research, we present important aspects of risk in taking decisions in the previous and current dynamics of the market. The conditions of taking decisions with potential risks provide decision-makers with the possibility to analyze and calculate risk in order to know what can be gained and lost. In our paper, we present a short description of a different model of risk in economic activity and of decision-making risk, providing examples that have been offered by various authors. For example, Friedman and Savage present the utility function of an economic agent and its availability to accept the risk, while Markowitz defines utility in terms of winning or losing. Our paper starts with a presentation of the quantification of risk in economic activity. In the second part, we present a model of decision-making risk that is applied in economic activities and the difference between risk and uncertainty.

scholarly journals Exploring the Motive and Effect between Altruistic and Strategic Corporate Giving: An Experimental Design Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Quey-Jen Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
The Other ◽  
Consumer Attitude ◽  
The Public ◽  
Corporate Giving ◽  
Social Cause ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Study Designs

Corporate giving has evolved into more than altruistic actions to include strategic considerations. Drawing on attribution and signaling theory, this study designs two social giving scenarios with one designed to be more sales related, tending to take the advantage of social cause than the other. Our goal is to examine whether the public recognize the difference between the two and how they interpret such a signal in relation to the firm’s standing in reputation, consumer attitude and purchase intention. The results support largely the conceptual framework in that corporate giving strategy could be more beneficial when it is designed to be more altruistic.

Motivasi dan kepuasan kerja pegawai puskesmas BLUD dan non-BLUD Kabupaten Semarang

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Aswindar Adhi Gumilang ◽  
Tri Pitara Mahanggoro ◽  
Qurrotul Aini
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
P Value ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Demand For Health ◽  
Public Demand

The public demand for health service professionalism and transparent financial management made some Puskesmas in Semarang regency changed the status of public health center to BLUD. The implementation of Puskesmas BLUD and non-BLUD requires resources that it can work well in order to meet the expectations of the community. The aim of this study is to know the difference of work motivation and job satisfaction of employees in Puskesmas BLUD and non-BLUD. Method of this research is a comparative descriptive with a quantitative approach. The object of this research are work motivation and job satisfaction of employees in Puskesmas BLUD and non-BLUD Semarang regency. This Research showed that Sig value. (P-value) work motivation variable was 0.019 smaller than α value (0.05). It showed that there was a difference of work motivation of employees in Puskemas BLUD and non-BLUD. Sig value (P-value) variable of job satisfaction was 0.020 smaller than α value (0.05). It showed that there was a difference of job satisfaction of BLUD and non-BLUD. The average of non-BLUD employees motivation were 76.59 smaller than the average of BLUD employees were 78.25. The average of job satisfaction of BLUD employees were 129.20 bigger than the average of non-BLUD employee were 124.26. Job satisfaction of employees in Puskesmas BLUD was higher than non-BLUD employees.

Evaluation of the impact of public investment programs on social and economic performance of territories

2019 ◽  
pp. 109-123
Author(s):  
I. E. Limonov ◽  
M. V. Nesena
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Modeling ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Export Activity ◽  
Regional Investment ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Development Institution

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of public investment programs on the socio-economic development of territories. As a case, the federal target programs for the development of regions and investment programs of the financial development institution — Vnesheconombank, designed to solve the problems of regional development are considered. The impact of the public interventions were evaluated by the “difference in differences” method using Bayesian modeling. The results of the evaluation suggest the positive impact of federal target programs on the total factor productivity of regions and on innovation; and that regional investment programs of Vnesheconombank are improving the export activity. All of the investments considered are likely to have contributed to the reduction of unemployment, but their implementation has been accompanied by an increase in social inequality.

Peran Bank Syariah: Menuju Perekonomian Masyarakat Madani

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-144
Author(s):  
Dini Maulana Lestari ◽  
M Roif Muntaha ◽  
Immawan Azhar BA
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Financial Service ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Free Society ◽  
The Public ◽  
Turn On ◽  
The People ◽  
Strategic Role

Islamic banks are present in the community as financial institutions whose activities are based on the principles of Islamic law for the benefit of the people. This study aims to determine the strategic role of Islamic Banks as financial service institutions, the importance of the existence of Islamic Banks and Islamic-based markets and financial instruments in them. In its development, Islamic banks have a role as institutions that turn on public funds, channel funds to the public, transfer assets, liquidity, reallocation of income and transactions. In the Indonesian economic system, the existence of Islamic Banks is important as an alternative solution to the problem of conflict between bank interest and usury. Islamic financial markets and instruments provide a free society of interest and follow a different set of principles. Distribution of profit/ loss according to evidence of participation in the management fund. The division of rental income in the form of musharaka.

Lecturas posibles sobre la construcción del actor económico

2017 ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Nicolás Gómez Núñez
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Endogenous Development ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Basic Ideas

En tres breves capítulos, el artículo pone a disposición las ideas básicas que cruzan la reflexión sobre las actividades económicas que las personas realizan en condiciones de pobreza, destacándose la preocupación sobre si estos desempeños pueden constituirse en alternativas de crecimiento económico a nivel local o si ellas son actores que inciden en las políticas públicas que organizan los supuestos del desarrollo.Palabras clave Actividades Económicas Autogestionadas / Autonomía / Capacitación / Desarrollo Endógeno.Abstract:In three brief chapters, the article displays the basic ideas that intersect the reflection on the economic activities that people perform in conditions of poverty, standing out the concern whether these performances can constitute in alternatives of economic growth at the local level or whether they are activities that affect the public policies which organize the theories of development.Key words Self-managed economic activities / Autonomy / Training / Endogenous Development

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