scholarly journals Analysis of Namibian Main Grain Crops Annual Production, Consumption and Trade—Maize and Pearl Millet

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresia Kaulinawa Shifiona ◽  
Wang Dongyang ◽  
Hu Zhiquan
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Average Annual Rate ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Per Capita Consumption ◽  
United Nation

<p>Cereal grains are the most important source of the world’s total food and staple food for most developing countries. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the Namibian cereal grains by examining trends in annual output, imports and exports as well as consumption volumes for over the period of fifteen years. Due to a variety number of grains being produced and consumed, the main focus is on maize and pearl millet. Data were collected from the Namibian Agronomic Board and from Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation Statistical yearbooks for various years. A combination of descriptive statistics has been applied as the method of analysis of the collected data, providing concise summaries about the observations that have been made. The findings show that the production of both maize and pearl millet has increased over the year reviewed due to relative increase in area harvested and yield. Consumption of pearl millet represents one fifth (20%) of the national cereal consumption, while maize represents one third (33%). On average the per capita consumption of maize is around 44kg per year while millet is about 29kg per year. The consumption of both maize and pearl millet rose at an average annual rate higher than the production rate, particularly for maize. To cover deficits between consumption and production, imports become a viable option, especially for maize.</p>

scholarly journals A Greater Share of Organic Agriculture in Relation to Food Security Resulting from the Energy Demand Obtained from Food—Scenarios for Poland until 2030

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6959
Author(s):  
Anna Kuczuk ◽  
Katarzyna Widera
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Food Wastage

In line with the assumptions of the European Green Deal, it is planned to allocate 25% of agricultural land to organic farming by 2030. However, the question arises: what share of organic farming and under what additional conditions is it able to feed the population of a given country? The aim of the article is to try to answer the above question for the example of Poland. In particular, the authors analyze: the problem of satisfying people’s nutritional needs, reducing food wastage, and finally the relationship between sustainable consumption and increasing the share of organic farming in Poland. Attention was also paid to possible potential changes in the agricultural land area with the growing share of organic farming. The proposed scenarios for the transition to organic farming concern the year 2030. We propose to increase the share in 20%, 40% and 60%, imposing them on changes in sustainable consumption of +/− 25%, +/− 50% and +/− 75%. The available FAOSTAT (Statistic Data of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) and Statistics Poland data from 2008–2018 were used for the analysis. The model scenario analysis showed that the total food demand will be met in most of the scenarios. It has also been shown that with a higher level of transition to organic farming, it becomes necessary to reduce food wastage. Changing the consumption style not only creates opportunities for a wider development of organic farming in Poland but can also generate free areas on arable land (e.g., even more than 26% of free area in the +/− 75% scenario). This may create potential opportunities for their use in the production of consumer crops, but also in the protection of the natural and agricultural environment.

scholarly journals Esculent coating of spider silk enhanced the preservation and shelf life of apricot

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Tahir ◽  
N. Pervez ◽  
J. Nadeem ◽  
A. A. Khan ◽  
Z. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Water Loss ◽  
Spider Silk ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Compelling Evidence ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Fungal Attack ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Preservation Technique

Abstract According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), roughly one-third of the total food produced is lost globally. The major cause of this wastage is the perishability of fruits and vegetables. Therefore, researchers have endeavored to develop an effective preservation technique. Our study explored the potential application of spider silk as an odourless and edible preservative coating for fruits. The spider silk was collected from spiders reared in the laboratory, following by degumming and dissolution to formulate the silk solution. For this study, apricots were selected as the model fruit. The apricots were dip coated with the formulated silk solution and allowed to dry. In order to enhance the beta sheet content of the silk coating, the fruits were exposed to water annealing for varying intervals of time under vacuum condition. The effect of silk coating and water annealing time period on preservation of fruits was then evaluated morphologically and gravimetrically. The results showed that the fruits, which were used as control, exhibited a greater degree of water loss and suffered from fungal attack. In contrast, the silk coated fruits showed less water loss and were protected from fungal attack. Therefore, the study provides compelling evidence regarding the application of spider silk as a preservative coating.

scholarly journals Quantities, Determinants, and Awareness of Households’ Food Waste in Italy: A Comparison between Diary and Questionnaires Quantities’

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Giordano ◽  
Fabrizio Alboni ◽  
Luca Falasconi
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Questionnaire Study ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Total Food

Food waste at the household level accounts for a significant share of total food waste in developed economies, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization. Studies have shown that this share varies between 0.3 kg to 4.5 kg per person per week, depending on the definitions and methodologies applied. In Italy, quantities, behaviors, and attitudes regarding food waste have been solely explored through the use of questionnaires, typically leading to discrepant values of food waste. In this study, we estimate and analyse the determinants of food waste over a 388 units’ panel spread over the national territory, through a diary and questionnaire study. Moreover, by comparing food waste value that was declared in questionnaires and reported in diaries, we confirm that the awareness of food waste quantities is heavily biased. The results confirm that the average food waste value is significantly higher when gathered through diaries, while questionnaires are able to catch less than one-third of food waste determinants.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN DAN PEMASARAN KOMODITAS KOPI: TRANSFORMASI DARI BUDAYA TRADISIONAL KE BUDAYA PETANI INDUSTRI

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zakki
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Cultural Transformation ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
C Value ◽  
Coffee Farming ◽  
Fruit Harvest ◽  
United Nation

Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nation (FAO) 2017 data shows that Indonesia is the fourth largest coffee producing country. In this research, there is a focus on how coffee development and marketing strategies in East Java when viewed from the aspect of farmers cultural transformation and agricultural governance. The research methodology used in this research is observation, in-depth interview discussions with resource persons who are active and representative to be key informants. They were the speakers besides being industry players, farmers and exporters who were members of national and international coffee associations. From the results of the interview with the interviewees, we produce a finding and we do an analysis. The results are as follows: 1) In developing coffee business and marketing it is necessary to do an alternative and strategy that encourages the development of a national coffee business, especially in East Java, by doing; a) Revitalization of plantations; b) Support issues; c) Value added coffee (value added), d) Increased productivity and quality and quality of human resources. 2) The other efforts undertaken in this study are the importance of a transformation value for coffee farming, the transformation which originally adhered to traditionalist culture, namely stagnating to only produce coffee fruit harvest, it needs to be transformed into a modern farmer that is industrial-based agriculture.

Food and Agriculture Organization

1966 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 646-649 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Director General ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Adequate Diet ◽  
The Third ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Total Food ◽  
The World ◽  
Twentieth Anniversary ◽  
Postwar Decade

Marking the twentieth anniversary of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) the annual report on the state of food and agriculture reviewed the progress achieved during the second postwar decade, 1954/1955–1964/1965. In his foreword Director-General B. R. Sen noted three distinct phases of FAO's history. In the first, covering the postwar decade, FAO played a role in the task of reconstruction. The second phase, coinciding with the second postwar decade, had been marked by a number of significant developments in science and communications, in demography, and in national aspirations which influenced the outlook and work of FAO. Calling attention to the unprecedented rate of population growth and lagging food supply, FAO had warned that this trend implied a grave peril for the future peace and security of the world. The Freedom from Hunger Campaign launched by FAO in 1960 had represented a response to this new awareness of the dimensions of hunger and malnutrition in the world and of the responsibility of the world community to face the problem. The third phase of FAO's work, opening with the third postwar decade, would be a critical period. Mr. Sen referred to FAO studies, contained in the report, which indicated that the total food supplies of the developing countries would have to be increased fourfold in the next 35 years to give their rapidly expanding populations an adequate diet. The task of FAO, which would depend on the willingness of the leaders of the nations to devote a large share of the world's resources to meet the crisis, would be to assist in laying the foundation for this increase.

scholarly journals “A Civilização da Mandioca”

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Rômulo De Paula Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
United Nation

Desde o século XVIII, a mandioca, seu método de plantação (coivara) e seu papel na dieta local têm sido criticados por viajantes e cronistas que estiveram pela região amazônica. De forma geral, era reconhecida sua importância na alimentação dos amazônidas, mas seu uso excessivo teria como consequência a “monotonia alimentar” da Amazônia. Esta comunicação pretende trazer reflexões sobre os usos e “abusos” da mandioca em escritos dos séculos XVIII ao XX, problematizando o enquadramento do tubérculo pela nutrição do pós-Segunda Guerra Mundial. A partir da institucionalização e do desenvolvimento da nutrição nos anos 1940, a mandioca sofreu diversos estudos e análises, sendo considerada, em alguns casos, um elemento que impediria o desenvolvimento da “civilização” da Amazônia. Além disso, serão expostas ações de organizações nacionais e internacionais na região que tinham como prioridade a mudança na dieta local, com destaque para o Serviço de Saúde Pública e a Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation (FAO).

scholarly journals Determinants of Sustainability Reporting in Food and Agriculture Sectors

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 539-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Hřebíček ◽  
Oldřich Faldík ◽  
Edward Kasem ◽  
Oldřich Trenz
Keyword(s):  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Sustainability Reporting ◽  
Global Reporting Initiative ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Relevant Topic ◽  
United Nation

Since the end of the 1990s, sustainability reporting (SR) has become an increasingly relevant topic in business and academia. However, it is still limited in food and agriculture sector in the Czech Republic and the European Union and only little information of the latest developments have thus far been presented. This paper provides current information dating from 2010 to 2014 from publications related to food and agriculture sector. The objective of the paper is to identify what determinants of SR are examined in the world initiatives to identify (in) consistencies, gaps, and opportunities for our future research of this field. The paper focuses to new G4 Guidelines of the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) and the Sustainability Assessment of Food and Agriculture (SAFA) systems of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nation. Finally, possible future research of SR including SR information systems are discussed by illuminating gaps and underexposed themes in the area of regulation and governance as well as stakeholder perception.

Food waste and dynamic complex systems: The case of Peru and a solution model proposal Part 1: Peruvian Anchoveta (Engraulis ringens)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A Almenara
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Revenue Management ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Solution Model ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Engraulis Ringens ◽  
The United Nations

[THE MANUSCRIPT IS A DRAFT] According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO, 2020), food waste and losses comprises nearly 1.3 billion tonnes every year, which equates to around US$ 990 billion worldwide. Ironically, over 820 million people do not have enough food to eat (FAO, 2020). This gap production-consumption puts in evidence the need to reformulate certain practices such as the controversial monocropping (i.e., growing a single crop on the same land on a yearly basis), as well as to improve others such as revenue management through intelligent systems. In this first part of a series of articles, the focus is on the Peruvian anchoveta fish (Engraulis ringens).

To the Empire and Beyond

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Barton
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
Southern Rhodesia ◽  
The Government ◽  
Second World

This chapter traces the expansion of industrial agricultural methods after the Second World War. Western governments and the Food and Agriculture Organization pushed for increased use of chemical fertilizers to aid development and resist Soviet encroachment. Meanwhile small groups of organic farmers and gardeners adopted Howard’s methods in the Anglo-sphere and elsewhere in the world. European movements paralleled these efforts and absorbed the basic principles of the Indore Method. British parliament debated the merits of organic farming, but Howard failed to persuade the government to adopt his policies. Southern Rhodesia, however, did implement his ideas in law. Desiccation theory aided his attempts in South Africa and elsewhere, and Louise Howard, after Albert’s death, kept alive a wide network of activists with her publications.

scholarly journals Ensuring Agricultural Sustainability through Remote Sensing in the Era of Agriculture 5.0

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 5911
Author(s):  
Vanesa Martos ◽  
Ali Ahmad ◽  
Pedro Cartujo ◽  
Javier Ordoñez
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Information Acquisition ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
World Population ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Zero Hunger

Timely and reliable information about crop management, production, and yield is considered of great utility by stakeholders (e.g., national and international authorities, farmers, commercial units, etc.) to ensure food safety and security. By 2050, according to Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) estimates, around 70% more production of agricultural products will be needed to fulfil the demands of the world population. Likewise, to meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially the second goal of “zero hunger”, potential technologies like remote sensing (RS) need to be efficiently integrated into agriculture. The application of RS is indispensable today for a highly productive and sustainable agriculture. Therefore, the present study draws a general overview of RS technology with a special focus on the principal platforms of this technology, i.e., satellites and remotely piloted aircrafts (RPAs), and the sensors used, in relation to the 5th industrial revolution. Nevertheless, since 1957, RS technology has found applications, through the use of satellite imagery, in agriculture, which was later enriched by the incorporation of remotely piloted aircrafts (RPAs), which is further pushing the boundaries of proficiency through the upgrading of sensors capable of higher spectral, spatial, and temporal resolutions. More prominently, wireless sensor technologies (WST) have streamlined real time information acquisition and programming for respective measures. Improved algorithms and sensors can, not only add significant value to crop data acquisition, but can also devise simulations on yield, harvesting and irrigation periods, metrological data, etc., by making use of cloud computing. The RS technology generates huge sets of data that necessitate the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data to extract useful products, thereby augmenting the adeptness and efficiency of agriculture to ensure its sustainability. These technologies have made the orientation of current research towards the estimation of plant physiological traits rather than the structural parameters possible. Futuristic approaches for benefiting from these cutting-edge technologies are discussed in this study. This study can be helpful for researchers, academics, and young students aspiring to play a role in the achievement of sustainable agriculture.

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