scholarly journals Development and Fertility Restoration of CMS Eggplant Lines Carrying the Cytoplasm of Solanum violaceum

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Konstantinos S. Krommydas ◽  
Zisis Tzikalios ◽  
Panagiotis Madesis ◽  
Fotios A. Bletsos ◽  
Athanasios Mavromatis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Genetic Locus ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Mt Dna ◽  
Normal Morphology ◽  
Advanced Backcross ◽  
The Past ◽  
Backcross Populations

<p>A functional cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) eggplant line carrying the cytoplasm of <em>Solanum violaceum</em> was developed in the past, but the fertility restoring genes (<em>Rf</em>-genes) were not identified. This work aimed to produce the CMS lines of three Hellenic eggplant cultivars (viz., ‘Langada’, ‘Emi’ and ‘Tsakoniki’) using the cytoplasm of <em>S. violaceum</em> and study the inheritance of the <em>Rf</em>-genes. The respective CMS eggplant lines were developed by the backcross method and examined for their fertility parameters. The results demonstrated that female fertility was not affected by the cytoplasm of <em>S. violaceum</em>. In contrast, the occurrence of three male fertility phenotypes (male sterile, male fertile and potentially male fertile) indicated that male fertility was affected by nuclear/cytoplasmic interactions. Male sterile plants were characterized by indehiscent anthers, low pollen viability and abnormal anther morphology. Male fertile plants formed dehiscent anthers with high pollen viability and normal morphology. Potentially male fertile plants initially formed dehiscent anthers, but in later stages formed exclusively indehiscent anthers. Male fertile plants were obtained in the advanced backcross populations of CMS ‘Tsakoniki’, but not in CMS ‘Langada’ and CMS ‘Emi’. The genetic analysis of fertility restoration indicated that male fertility in the genetic background of cv. ‘Tsakoniki’ is controlled by one essential genetic locus, affected by a secondary modifying locus. Molecular analysis of cp-DNA and mt-DNA in the CMS lines indicated maternal inheritance of the cytoplasm organelles. Our findings demonstrate that the genotype of the eggplant parent can affect the expression of CMS as well as fertility restoration.</p>

scholarly journals Cosegregation of Single Genes Associated with Fertility Restoration and Transcript Processing of Sorghum Mitochondrial orf107 and urf209

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 383-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang V Tang ◽  
Ruying Chang ◽  
Daryl R Pring
Keyword(s):  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Transcript Processing ◽  
Backcross Populations

Abstract Defective nuclear-cytoplasmic interactions leading to aberrant microgametogenesis in sorghum carrying the IS1112C male-sterile cytoplasm occur very late in pollen maturation. Amelioration of this condition, the restoration of pollen viability, involves a novel two-gene gametophytic system, wherein genes designated Rf3 and Rf4 are required for viability of individual gametes. Rf3 is tightly linked to, or represents, a single gene that regulates a transcript processing activity that cleaves transcriptsof orf107, a chimeric mitochondrial open reading frame specific to IS1112C. The mitochondrial gene urf 209 is also subject to nucleus-specific enhanced transcript processing, 5′ to the gene, conferred by a single dominant gene designated Mmt1. Examinations of transcript patterns in F2 and two backcross populations indicated cosegregation of the augmented orf107 and urf209 processing activities in IS1112C. Several sorghum lines that do not restore fertility or confer orf107 transcript processing do exhibit urf209 transcript processing, indicating that the activities are distinguishable. We conclude that the nuclear gene(s) conferring enhanced orf107 and urf209 processing activities are tightly linked in IS1112C. Alternatively, the similarity in apparent regulatory action of the genes may indicate allelic differences wherein the IS1112C Rf3 allele may differ from alleles of maintainer lines by the capability to regulate both orf107 and urf209 processing activities.

scholarly journals The Dynamics of Gynodioecy in Plantago lanceolatu L. II. Mode of Action and Frequencies of Restorer Alleles

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 1317-1328
Author(s):  
Anita A de Haan ◽  
Hans P Koelewijn ◽  
Maria P J Hundscheid ◽  
Jos M M Van Damme
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Allele Frequency ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Male Fertility Restoration

Male fertility in Plantago lanceolata is controlled by the interaction of cytoplasmic and nuclear genes. Different cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) types can be either male sterile or hermaphrodite, depending on the presence of nuclear restorer alleles. In three CMS types of P. lanceolata (CMSI, CMSIIa, and CMSIIb) the number of loci involved in male fertility restoration was determined. In each CMS type, male fertility was restored by multiple genes with either dominant or recessive action and capable either of restoring male fertility independently or in interaction with each other (epistasis). Restorer allele frequencies for CMSI, CMSIIa and CMSIIb were determined by crossing hermaphrodites with “standard” male steriles. Segregation of male steriles vs. non-male steriles was used to estimate overall restorer allele frequency. The frequency of restorer alleles was different for the CMS types: restorer alleles for CMSI were less frequent than for CMSIIa and CMSIIb. On the basis of the frequencies of male steriles and the CMS types an “expected” restorer allele frequency could be calculated. The correlation between estimated and expected restorer allele frequency was significant.

Inheritance and gene tagging of male fertility restoration of cytoplasmic-nuclear male-sterile line NJCMS1A in soybean

2007 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Yang ◽  
M. P. Duan ◽  
Q. C. Meng ◽  
J. Qiu ◽  
J. M. Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Gene Tagging ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Male Sterile Line ◽  
Male Fertility Restoration

scholarly journals Identification of Ms2, a Novel Locus Controlling Male-fertility Restoration of Cytoplasmic Male-sterility in Onion (Allium Cepa L.), and Development of Tightly Linked Molecular Markers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nari Yu ◽  
Sunggil Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Male Fertility Restoration

Abstract Cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS) has been exclusively used to produce F1 hybrid seeds of onion (Allium cepa L.). A single nuclear locus, Ms, is known to restore male-fertility of CMS in onions. Unstable male-sterile onions producing a small amount of pollen grains have been identified in a previous study. When such unstable male-sterile onions were crossed with stable male-sterile onions containing CMS-T cytoplasm, male-fertility was completely restored, although genotypes of the Ms locus were homozygous recessive. Inheritance patterns indicated that male-fertility restoration was controlled by a single locus designated as Ms2. A combined approach of bulked segregant analysis and RNA-seq was used to identify candidate genes for the Ms2 locus. High resolution melting (HRM) markers were developed based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) detected by RNA-Seq. Comparative mapping of the Ms2 locus showed that Ms2 was positioned at the end of chromosome 2 with a distance of approximately 70 cM away from the Ms locus. Although 38 contigs containing reliable SNPs were analyzed using recombinants selected from 1,344 individuals, no contig showed perfect linkage to Ms2. Interestingly, transcription levels of orf725, a CMS-associated gene in onions, were significantly reduced in male-fertile individuals of segregating populations. However, no significant change in its transcription level was observed in individuals of a segregating population with male-fertility phenotypes determined by the Ms locus, suggesting that male-fertility restoration mechanism of Ms2 might be different from that of the Ms locus.

scholarly journals CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY IN BARLEY. XI. THE msm2 CYTOPLASM

Genetics ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-295
Author(s):  
H Ahokas
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Restorer Gene ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Partial Restoration ◽  
Restoration Ability ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT A new cytoplasmic male sterility in barley (Hordeum vulgare s.l.) is described and designated as msm2. The cytoplasm was derived from a selection of the wild progenitor of barley (H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum). This selection, 79BS14-3, originates from the Southern Coastal Plain of Israel. The selection 79BS14-3 has a normal spike fertility in Finland. When 79BS14-3 was crossed by cv. Adorra, the F1 displayed partial male fertility and progeny of recurrent backcrosses with cv. Adorra were completely male sterile. Evidently 79BS14-3 is a carrier of a recessive or semidominant restorer gene of fertility. The dominant restorer gene Rfm1a for another cytoplasmic male sterility, msm1, is also effective in msm2 cytoplasm. The different partial fertility restoration properties of msm2 and msm1 cause these cytoplasms to be regarded as being distinct. Seventy spontaneum accessions from Israel have been studied for their capacity to produce F1 restoration of male fertility both in msm1 and in msm2 cytoplasms with a cv. Adorra-like seed parent (nuclear gene) background. The msm2 cytoplasm shows partial restoration more commonly than msm1 in these F1 combinations. The mean restoration percentage per accession for msm2 is 28, and for msm1 4. Most of the F1 seed set differences of the two cytoplasms are statistically significant. When estimated with partially restored F1 combinations, msm2 cytoplasm appeared to be about 50 times more sensitive to the male fertility-promoting genes present in the spontaneum accessions. The spontaneum sample from Central and Western Negev, which has been found to be devoid of restoration ability in msm1 cytoplasm, had only low partial restoration ability in msm2 (mean 0.3%). The female fertility of msm2 appears normal. The new msm2 cytoplasm could be useful in producing hybrid barley.

scholarly journals The Dominant Ms Allele in Onion Shows Reduced Penetrance

2010 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Melgar ◽  
Michael J. Havey
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Reduced Penetrance ◽  
Male Fertility Restoration

The most commonly used source of cytoplasmic male sterility in onion (Allium cepa) is controlled by the interaction of the cytoplasm [male-sterile (S) or normal male-fertile (N)] and one nuclear male-fertility-restoration locus (Ms). Scoring of genotypes at Ms is generally done by testcrossing male-fertile to male-sterile (S msms) plants, followed by scoring of testcross progenies for male-fertility restoration. We identified two N-cytoplasmic families, one that was homozygous dominant and the other segregating at Ms. Plants from each of these two families were individually testcrossed to male-sterile onion. Nuclear restoration of male fertility in testcross progenies was evaluated in the field over 4 years. For male plants homozygous dominant at Ms, we expected testcross families to show 100% male-fertility restoration, but observed mean values between 46% and 100%. For plants segregating at Ms, we again observed lower than expected frequencies of male-fertility restoration. These results demonstrate that the dominant Ms allele shows reduced penetrance, requiring that male-fertility restoration be scored over years to more confidently assign genotypes at Ms.

scholarly journals Evaluation of AFLPs as Tags for the MS Locus in Onion

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 596c-596
Author(s):  
Yutaka Sato ◽  
Michael J. Havey
Keyword(s):  
Fragment Length ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Chromosome Region ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Maintainer Line ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Random Amplification ◽  
Onion Seed

The production of hybrid-onion seed depends on cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) systems. The male-sterile line is seed propagated using a normal (N) cytoplasmic maintainer line homozygous recessive at the nuclear male-fertility restoration locus (MS). Because of onion's biennial generation time, 4 to 8 years are required to establish the genotype at the MS locus. The development of maintainer lines would benefit greatly from a genetic marker linked to the MS locus. Such a marker would allow breeders to establish the nuclear genotype in seedlings and flower only those plants that are maintainers (N msms) or plants that can be used to develop maintainers (N MSms), reducing the number of plants to be testcrossed or backcrossed to a sterile line. We evaluated restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPDs), and amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) to tag the chromosome region carrying the MS locus. No RAPDs or RFLPs cosegregated with MS. AFLP markers were identified that phenotypically correlated with restoration of male fertility.

Genetic Resources for Fertility Restoration Lines and Maintainers of Capsicum annuum L.

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-115
Author(s):  
Maneechat Nikornpun ◽  
Danai Boonyakiat
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Selected Lines ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Restorer Genes ◽  
Male Sterile Cytoplasm ◽  
The Government

Male fertility reactions of one hundred and forty-one accessions of chilies were classified. Three groups were found. Some accessions maintained male sterility and were determined to carry a non-sterile cytoplasm and to lack fertility restoration genes or N rfrf genotype. Some accessions segregated for the ability to restore male sterile cytoplasm and were determined to be heterozygous in restorer genes with genotype N/SRfrf. Some accessions restored fertility of CMS and had the genotype N/SRfRf. A few maintainers with good horticultural characteristics were selected. They were selfed and selected for a few generations and then their progeny were evaluated. There were differences in the genetic stability of cytoplasmic male-sterility among the selected lines. Some lines were good maintainers, but a few lines were discarded. The stable maintainers were distributed to 10 seed companies and the government of China. Some F1 hybrid chilies produced using these lines have been commercially sold both in China and Thailand. Fruit physio-chemical qualities of maintainer accessions, restorers and heterozygous accessions were also recorded. The level of capsaicin of the accessions varied from 3,250 to 8,850 Scoville units. The level of vitamin C showed a range of 4.43 to 103.16 mg./100g.fw. Horticultural characteristics of the accessions were recorded and the fruit physio-chemical qualities of the accessions were reported.

MALE STERILITY-FERTILITY RESTORATION SYSTEMS IN TRITICUM DURUM

1978 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuo Sasakuma ◽  
S. S. Maan
Keyword(s):  
Male Fertility ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Alloplasmic Line ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Plant Vigor ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Triticum Durum Desf ◽  
Lower Plant ◽  
Male Fertility Restoration

Triticum durum Desf. selection 56-1 (2n = 28,AABB) genomes were introduced into the cytoplasms of six species of Triticum, 14 of Aegilops, and one each of Secale and Haynaldia by the backcross method. Of the 22 alloplasmic lines, 14 were completely male sterile, four were partially fertile, and the remaining four, having cytoplasms of T. dicoccoides Körn, Ae. kotschyi Boiss., Ae. variabilis, Eig. or H. villosa L., were of normal fertility. Eleven of these lines headed late and 14 had lower plant height than the control euplasmic T. durum. The 14 male-sterile lines were crossed with five R-lines derived from crosses involving T. nudiglumis Nabalek and T. durum, and male-fertility restoration in F1 hybrids was examined. All five R-lines restored male fertility to six of the male-sterile lines having cytoplasms of Ae. speltoides Tausch., Ae. bicornis Forsk., T. nudiglumis, T. araraticum Jakubz., T. timopheevi Zhuk., or T. zhukovskyi Men. &Er. The male fertility of the alloplasmic line having rye (secale cereale L.) cytoplasm was completely restored by RE 5 and partially by RE 2. Also, RE 5 restored plant vigor to durum plants having rye cytoplasm. None of the five R-lines restored male fertility or plant vigor to any of the six male-sterile lines having cytoplasms of T. boeoticum Boiss., Ae. caudata L., Ae. umbellulata Zhuk., Ae. heldreichii Holzm., Ae. sharonensis Eig., or Ae. triaristata Willd. In general, F2 data from crosses involving four of the male-sterile lines and five R-lines indicated that male fertility restoration was simply inherited.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document