scholarly journals Yield Potential, Nutrient Uptake, Metal Fractionation and Effect on Soil Properties under Integrative Use of Varied C:N Ratio Composts, Fly Ash and Inorganic Fertilizer Nitrogen in Rice Grown on Inceptisol

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Dar ◽  
T. Thomas ◽  
J. C. Dagar ◽  
Hidayatullah Mir ◽  
Asima Amin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Metal Fractionation ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen

Soybean and soil responses to biochar amendment in controlled environments with elevated temperature and carbon dioxide

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runshan W. Jiang ◽  
Mae Galo ◽  
Maren Oelbermann
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Available N ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Climate Effects ◽  
Elevated Atmospheric Co2

Warmer atmospheric temperatures (eT) will increase plant nutrient uptake and elevated atmospheric CO2 (eCO2) is expected to enhance plant growth, while a multicomponent eTeCO2 effect should also be beneficial for agroecosystems. Our goal was to understand if single (eT, eCO2) or multicomponent (eTeCO2) climate effects, predicted for southern Ontario, Canada will affect soybean and soil properties differently when soil is amended with manure and biochar (MB) or with manure, nitrogen (N) fertilizer and biochar (MNB) compared to the addition manure and N fertilizer (MN). We hypothesized that biochar regulates climate effects and causes soybean and soil properties to be similar to ambient climate conditions than soil without biochar. However, soil amended with biochar functioned independently of single or multicomponent climate effects. Soybean pod and shoot biomass, shoot height and shoot:root ratio were greater (p<0.05) with eT. eCO2 increased (p<0.05) shoot biomass coinciding with an increase (p<0.05) in nutrient uptake and uptake efficiency. All climate effects decreased (p<0.05) soluble carbon (C), available N (NH4+ and NO3-) and the C:N ratio but increased (p<0.05) orthophosphate. Amendment type MNB decreased (p<0.05) SMB-C but climate effects did not affect microbial biomass (p<0.05). However, climate effects influenced how C and N were accessed by microbes in all amendment types, shifting (p<0.05) microbial community structure, species richness and diversity. We rejected our hypothesis and concluded that biochar amended soil does not strongly influence soybean and soil properties and it does not provide a greater ability for soybeans and soil to cope with climate effects.

scholarly journals How does agro-pastoralism affect forage and soil properties in western Serengeti, Tanzania?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-133
Author(s):  
Pius Yoram Kavana ◽  
Ephraim J. Mtengeti ◽  
Anthony Sangeda ◽  
Christopher Mahonge ◽  
Robert Fyumagwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Grazing Pressure ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Herbaceous Plants ◽  
Standing Biomass ◽  
Grazing Lands

The impacts of agro-pastoral activities on soil properties, plus nutritive value and residual standing biomass of herbaceous plants in areas of different land uses in western Serengeti, were evaluated. Vegetation and soil were sampled along 4,000 m transects laid across fallow land, areas grazed only by livestock, mixed grazing (livestock and wildlife) and wildlife grazing only. A total number of 123 plant species were encountered during sampling. Analyses of soil and vegetation samples were conducted at Sokoine University of Agriculture laboratories. The estimated average density of grazing animals encountered was 160 TLU/km2 on transects within livestock-dominated grazing lands, 129 TLU/km2 for mixed grazing and 83 TLU/km2 for wildlife grazing only. Results indicated that ADF, IVDMD, IVOMD, ME and TDN in residual herbaceous forage at flowering were significantly (P<0.05) affected by land use type but CP, NDF and ADL were not affected. Soil pH, OC, CEC, C:N ratio and Ca differed significantly (P<0.05) between land use types. An overall evaluation indicated that regardless of climatic conditions, residual biomass of herbaceous plants in western Serengeti is determined by intensity of grazing, soil C:N ratio and concentrations of Ca and P in the soil. We conclude that agro-pastoral practices conducted in western Serengeti affected residual standing biomass of herbaceous plants and soil properties. We recommend that grazing pressure in communal grazing lands be reduced by either reducing number of grazing animals or duration of grazing in a particular grazing area, and specific studies be conducted to establish stocking rates appropriate for specific communal grazing lands in villages.

Topsoil replacement depth and organic amendment effects on plant nutrient uptake from reclaimed natural gas wellsites

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 859-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Zvomuya ◽  
Francis J Larney ◽  
Olalekan O Akinremi ◽  
Reynald L Lemke ◽  
Vasile E Klaassen
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Organic Amendment ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
South Central ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Cattle Feedlot

Sustained plant nutrient a vailability on reclaimed wellsites is critical to the successful restoration of crop productivity. This study evaluated topsoil replacement depth (TRD) (0, 50, 100, and 150% of mandatory TRD) and organic amendment [beef cattle feedlot manure, compost derived from straw-bedded cattle feedlot manure, wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) straw, alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.) hay, and unamended control] effects on nutrient uptake by a wheat crop at three abandoned gas wellsites in south-central Alberta. Grain N uptake increased by 0.055 kg ha-1 for each percent increase in TRD, reflecting the corresponding linear increase in grain N concentration. Low carbon to nitrogen (C:N) ratio amendments, particularly compost and alfalfa, were the most effective for improving grain N concentration and uptake. Conversely, N concentration and uptake were lowest for the high C:N (53:1) wheat straw amendment. Reclamation programs should, therefore, consider incorporation of the low C:N alfalfa or compost in order to safeguard against N deficiency in the first 1–2 yr following reclamation. Our results also show that high P amendments, such as manure and compost, are better choices for improving P uptake by spring wheat. These results emphasize the importance of topsoil replacement and amendment quality (C:N ratio and P concentration) in ensuring adequate N and P supply in the 1–2 yr following reclamation. Based on this, compost appears to be the best single amendment for ensuring enhanced uptake of both N and P on reclaimed wellsites in the short term. Key words: Topsoil replacement; organic amendments; reclamation; nitrogen; phosphorus

scholarly journals Changes in Soil Properties and Productivity under Different Tillage Practices and Wheat Genotypes: A Short-Term Study in Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shokoofeh Khorami ◽  
Seyed Kazemeini ◽  
Sadegh Afzalinia ◽  
Mahesh Gathala
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Tillage Practices

Natural resources are the most limiting factors for sustainable agriculture in Iran. Traditional practices are intensive tillage that leads to a negative impact on crop productivity and soil properties. Conservation agriculture including tillage reductions, better agronomy, and improved varieties, showed encouraging results. The goal of this study was to test combined effect of tillage practices and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes on soil properties as well as crop and water productivity. The experiment was conducted at Zarghan, Fars, Iran during 2014–2016. Experimental treatments were three-tillage practices—conventional tillage (CT), reduced tillage (RT), and no tillage (NT)—and four wheat genotypes were randomized in the main and subplots, respectively using split-plot randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed NT had higher soil bulk density at surface soil, thereby lower cumulative water infiltration. The lowest soil organic carbon and total nitrogen were obtained under CT that led to the highest C:N ratio. Reduced tillage produced higher wheat yield and maize (Zea mays L.) biomass. Maximum irrigation water was applied under CT, which leads lower water productivity. The findings are based on short-term results, but it is important to evaluate medium- and long-term effects on soil properties, crop yields and water use in future.

scholarly journals Assessing wheat spatial variation based on proximal and remote spectral vegetation indices and soil properties

2017 ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Barbanti ◽  
Josep Adroher ◽  
Júnior Melo Damian ◽  
Nicola Di Virgilio ◽  
Gloria Falsone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Spectral Vegetation Indices

Assessing the spatial variation of soil and crop properties is the basis for site specific management of crop practices in precision agriculture applications. To this aim, proximal and remote spectral vegetation indices are increasingly replacing soil analysis. In this study the spatial variation of soil properties, proximal and remote spectral vegetation indices were compared in a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop grown in a 4.15 ha field in northern Italy. Soil analysis (particle size distribution, pH, carbonates, C, total N, available P, exchangeable cations and electrical conductivity) was geo-referentially carried out; the proximal indices chlorophyll content by N-Tester and normalised difference vegetation index through GreenSeeker were determined in three dates during stem elongation; the remote indices PurePixelTM chlorophyll index and PurePixelTM vegetation index were determined through the Landsat 8 satellite in three dates during the same wheat stage. Dry biomass yield (DBY), grain yield (GY) and yield components were determined at harvest. Soil, proximal and remote data were submitted to principal component analysis (PCA), and the retained PCs were clustered to delineate areas at low, intermediate and high yield potential, based on soil parameters (CLUsp), proximal (CLUpi), and remote vegetation indices (CLUri). DBY and GY were significantly correlated with several soil parameters and vegetation indices. Spatial distribution of soil and crop data consistently depicted a low performing area (GY<3 Mg ha–1) and a high performing one (GY>8 Mg ha–1). CLUsp determined a lower GY difference between low and high performing area (+60%), compared to CLUpi and CLUri (almost +100%). In CLUsp and CLUpi the low and high performing area were of similar size (25 and 29% for the two respective areas in CLUsp; 25 and 33% in CLUpi), whereas in CLUri they were quite different (16 and 46%). Lastly, yield potential levels determined by vegetation indices (CLUpi and CLUri) exhibited a better degree of agreement with DBY and GY levels, than soil parameters (CLUsp). In exchange for this, the above referred soil parameters are quite consistent in time, allowing soil data to be used for more years. On concluding, PCA followed by clustering resulted in a robust delineation of field areas at different yield potential. This is the premise for developing research driven strategies of practical use.

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