scholarly journals Nitrogen Management in Maize Under Rainfed Conditions in the Brazilian Semiarid Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Micaela B. Pereira ◽  
José L. dos S. Gomes ◽  
Vademir R. Cavalcante ◽  
Bruno de S. Oliveira ◽  
Jackson T. Lobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Nitrogen Absorption ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Rainfed Conditions ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Zea mays L. presents socioeconomic and cultural importance for the Northeast region of Brazil, its yield is directly related to the productive system, to the edaphoclimatic conditions and to the soil management. The aim of this work was to evaluate the development and the yield of maize under different nitrogen doses in rainfed conditions in the Brazilian semiarid. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four treatments and five replications, totalizing 20 experimental plots, with 24 plants each. The treatments were: T1 (0 kg ha-1 of N); T2 (40 kg ha-1 of N); T3 (60 kg ha-1 of N) and T4 (80 kg ha-1 of N). Were evaluated: plant height, culm diameter and number of leaves at 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days after emergence; leaf temperature, stomatal conductance, transpiration, liquid photosynthesis and intercellular carbon concentration at 65 days after emergence; yield, shoot dry mass and nitrogen content in the soil after harvest. The different nitrogen doses significantly influenced the plant height, culm diameter and the number of leaves in the different evaluation periods, also influencing the nitrogen levels in the soil after the harvest. There was no difference among treatments for the yield, the registered average was 5,205 kg ha-1. The development of the crop and the nitrogen absorption may have been influenced by the water deficit during the crop cycle. The maize presented better agronomic performance with the dose of 60 kg ha-1 of nitrogen.

scholarly journals Growth of escarole in different seasons of year, RS, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 455
Author(s):  
Daniele Cristina Fontana ◽  
Braulio Otomar Caron ◽  
Denise Schmidt ◽  
Daniela Meira ◽  
Thais Pollon Zanatta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Global Radiation ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Santa Maria

The lack of research about escarole cultivars adapted to each region, as well as technical information on plant growth have been some of the factors related to low yields. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the growth of escarole crop in four seasons of year in Santa Maria, RS. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design, 1 x 4, being a escarole (cultivar Escorola Lisa®) evaluated in four seasons of year (summer, autumn, winter and spring), in six replications. The evaluations were performed in a destructive manner every seven days, from date of transplant to harvest point. The following components were analyzed: number of leaves, number of residues, dry mass of leaves, dry mass of leaves, stem and residue. Thus, it was determined the parameters for growth analysis. With the data obtained, we performed a variance analysis, and presented significant results, and the means of each season of the year submitted to the Tukey test at 5% of error probability. The air temperature and global radiation influence crop cycle. Lower temperatures and lower incidence of radiation result in cycle extended, as observed in autumn. The escarole growth is influenced by seasons of year in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), and summer and spring finish the cycle in advance to others, presenting a larger leaf area. Summer and spring are most indicated season to escarole crop in RS, Brazil.

scholarly journals Use of Senna uniflora as Organic Fertilizer in the Production of Lettuce in the Brazilian Semiarid

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Paulo César Ferreira Linhares ◽  
Roberto Pequeno de Sousa ◽  
Janilson Pinheiro de Assis ◽  
Eudes de Almeida Cardoso ◽  
Joaquim Odilon Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Semi Arid Region

The use of plant resources available on the farm, and of great relevance to the family farmers of the Northeastern semi-arid region, Brazil. The experiment was carried in the experimental area of the agricultural science center, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-árido (UFERSA), Mossoró, Brazil, with the objective of evaluating use of Senna uniflora as organic fertilizer in the production of lettuce in the Brazilian semiarid, from October 2014 to February 2015. The experimental design of randomized complete blocks with the treatments arranged in 4 × 4 factorial scheme, with three replicates. The first factor consisted of amounts S. uniflora (0, 1.8, 3.6, and 5.4 kg m-2 of dry matter) with four incorporation times into the soil (0; 28; 56 and 84 days before transplanting lettuce). The transplanted lettuce cultivar went was the “Elba”. The evaluated characteristics were the following: plant height, diameter plant, number of leaves per plant, green mass production and dry mass production. The best agronomic efficiency was obtained with soil incorporation of 5.4 kg m-2 in the incorporation period of 56 days after transplanting, with phytomass production of 235.2 g plant-1. S. uniflora becomes a viable option to be used as an organic fertilizer in lettuce production.

scholarly journals Biometric and biochemical peculiarities of new M.×giganteus lines with increased ploidy level

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 281-286
Author(s):  
O. V. Melnychuk ◽  
S. P. Ozheredov ◽  
D. B. Rakhmetov ◽  
S. O. Rakhmetova ◽  
O. О. Bayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Ploidy Level ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Biochemical Traits ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Miscanthus Giganteus ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Aim. The aim of the work was to study biometricl and biochemical traits of new M. × giganteus lines obtained from polyploidization with the use of new antimitotic compounds of dinitroanilines class. Methods. The study has been conducted based on biological and biochemical parameters such as: plant height, number of rhizomes, number of leaves per stalk, ratio of leaves to stems, vegetative mass, dry mass and ash content; total sugars and monosugars content; energy value of biomass. Results. It has been established that all studied lines significantly differed for all biological and biochemical parameters. The best results for majority of parameters has been observed in lines 108 and 202, and namely, vegetative mass of plants, plant height, number of rhizomes and number of leaves per stalk. Conclusions. Some lines of M.×giganteus with increased ploidy level appeared to be significantly superior to triploid forms in most biometric and biochemical parameters and require further study. Keywords: dinitroanilines, polyploids, Miscanthus × giganteus, biofuel.

scholarly journals Effects of plant growth regulators in heliconia ‘Red Opal’

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Ana Cecilia Ribeiro de Castro ◽  
Fernando José Hawerroth ◽  
Carlos Alberto Kenji Taniguchi ◽  
Tiago Freitas Silva ◽  
Nazaré Suziane Soares
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
One Year

The objective of this study was to evaluate growth regulators with purpose of reducing the size of heliconia ‘Red Opal’ potted plants. The experiment was carried out in randomized block design with five treatments (trinexapac-ethyl and paclobutrazol at rates of 37.5 and 75.0 mg of active ingredient per pot and control without growth regulator) and five replicates. The treatments were applied 40 days after planting the rhizomes in pots filled with soil. Thirty and 150 days after the growth regulator application, plant height, number of leaves and shoots, petioles length and leaf area were evaluated. One year after planting the rhizomes in pots the number of inflorescence and leaves (leaves, sheathing leaf bases and inflorescences) and rhizomes (rhizomes and roots) dry mass were determined. Trinexapac-ethyl had no differences compared to the control in any of the variables evaluated. Paclobutrazol proved effective in reducing plant height, leaf area and petiole length and increase in number of leaves and shoots but the effect was temporary. Also, it did not affect the inflorescences production and leaves and rhizomes dry mass. Paclobutrazol is efficient to promote height reduction and to increase the number of shoots in heliconia ‘Red Opal’ potted plants without affect the inflorescence formation but its effects is temporary.

scholarly journals CRESCIMENTO DE GIRASSÓIS ORNAMENTAIS SOB ESTRESSE SALINO EM HIDROPONIA DE BAIXO CUSTO

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 591 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Amilton Santos Júnior ◽  
Hans Raj Gheyi ◽  
Antônio Ramos Cavalcante ◽  
Anna Hozana Francilino ◽  
Aldrin Martin Perez-Marin
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Growth Parameter ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
E Mail

CRESCIMENTO DE GIRASSÓIS ORNAMENTAIS SOB ESTRESSE SALINO EM HIDROPONIA DE BAIXO CUSTO  JOSÉ AMILTON SANTOS JÚNIOR1; HANS RAJ GHEYI2; ANTÔNIO RAMOS CAVALCANTE3; ANNA HOZANA FRANCILINO1 E ALDRIN MARTIN PEREZ-MARIN4 1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. Recife-PE. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; 2Núcleo de Engenharia de Água e Solo, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia. Cruz das Almas-BA. E-mail: [email protected]; 3Licenciado em Ciências Agrárias. E-mail: [email protected]; 4Instituto Nacional do Semiárido. Campina Grande-PB. E-mail: [email protected]  1 RESUMO A busca por alternativas que viabilizem o aproveitamento de águas salobras na região semiárida é de suma importância, isto por que possibilita a produção agrícola em regiões de escassez de água e a geração de renda para comunidades difusas. Baseado nestas premissas, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi analisar o comportamento do crescimento de flores de corte de girassóis ornamentais (cv. Sol Noturno, cv. Anão de Jardim e cv. Bonito de Outono) sob níveis crescentes de salinidade da solução nutritiva (1,7 – testemunha; 4,3; 6,0 e 9,0 dS m-1) cultivadas em um módulo hidropônico de baixo custo. Distribuíram-se estes tratamentos em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, analisado em esquema fatorial 4x3, com três repetições, totalizando 36 unidades experimentais. Verificou-se que o número de folhas foi o parâmetro de crescimento mais resiliente ao incremento salino até 9 dS m-1, com 35% de perdas acumuladas, seguido do diâmetro do caule com 41%, do comprimento do caule com 51% e da área foliar com 66% aos 49 dias após o semeio. Palavras-chave: Produção de flores, salinidade, semiárido brasileiro.  SANTOS JÚNIOR, J.A.; GHEYI, H. R.; CAVALCANTE, A. R.; FRANCILINO, A. H.; PEREZ-MARIN, A. M.GROWTH OF ORNAMENTAL SUNFLOWERS UNDER SALINE STRESS IN HYDROPONIC SYSTEM OF LOW COST  2 ABSTRACT The search for alternatives that enable the use of brackish water in the semiarid region is of great importance, because it permits agricultural production in areas of scarcity and income generation for diffuse communities. Based on these assumptions, the aim of this study was to analyze the behavior of ornamental sunflowers growth to cut flowers (cv. Sol Noturno, cv. Anão de Jardim e cv. Bonito de Outono) under increasing levels of salinity of the nutrient solution (1.7 – control, 4.3, 6.0 and 9.0 dS m-1) grown in a low cost hydroponic module . These treatments were distributed in a completely randomized design, in a factorial scheme 4x3, with three repetitions, totaling 36 experimental units.  It was found that the number of leaves was the most resilient growth parameter to increment of salinity until 9 dS m-1, with 35% of cumulative losses, followed by stem diameter with 41%, the plant height with 51%, and leaf area with 66%, at 49 days after sowing. Keywords: Flowers production, salinity, Brazilian semiarid.

scholarly journals Initial growth of zucchini irrigated with saline water in soil with biofertilizers

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juvenaldo Florentino Canjá ◽  
Josimar De Azevedo ◽  
Geocleber Gomes de Sousa ◽  
Clarissa Lima Magalhães ◽  
Thales Vinícius De Araújo Viana
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Zucchini culture is slightly sensitive to salinity and is among the ten vegetables of highest economic value, with characteristics of precocity and easy cultivation. These characteristics are some of the reasons for the expansion of its cultivation among small producers. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the effect of different levels of salinity in the irrigation water and biofertilizer types on the initial growth of the zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) culture. The experiment was carried out in the full sunlight in a randomized block design, in a 5x2 factorial arrangement. The treatments consisted of a combination of five types of biofertilizers (quail, sheep, mixed, bovine, and crab) and two salinity levels of the irrigation water (0.8 and 2.5 dS m-1), with five replicates. At 30 days after transplanting, the following variables were evaluated: electrical conductivity of the substrate, plant height, number of leaves, roots length, stem diameter, leaf area, chlorophyll content, dry mass of the aerial part, root dry mass, and total dry mass. Salt stress negatively interferes with the accumulation of zucchini plant biomass. Quail, bovine, and sheep biofertilizers are more efficient about plant height, number of leaves, and stem diameter. The sheep biofertilizer attenuates the salt stress for the dry mass of the aerial part, the root, and the total dry mass.

scholarly journals Cultivo da cenoura submetida à aplicação de doses de biofertilizante

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
José Lucas Guilherme Santos ◽  
Ancélio Ricardo de Oliveira Gondim ◽  
Joaquim Vieira Lima Neto ◽  
Erivan Alves da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Over Time

<p>O modelo de produção agrícola convencional é economicamente viável, no entanto, é responsável por inúmeros impactos negativos ao meio ambiente e aos indivíduos que o compõe. Baseado neste contexto surge a necessidade à adoção de novas tecnologias que permitam uma produção equiparável, de tal forma que conserve os recursos naturais e que diminua os impactos negativos ao meio ambiente. Com isto objetivou-se neste trabalho estudar o cultivo da cenoura sob a aplicação de biofertilizante. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação. Os tratamentos resultaram da combinação dos fatores tempo de fermentação do biofertilizante, 10, 20, 30 e 40 dias e quatro concentrações do biofertilizante, 25, 40, 55 e 70%. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, no esquema fatorial 4 x 4, com quatro repetições. As características avaliadas foram altura das plantas e número de folhas a cada 10 dias após o desbaste até a colheita, após a colheita foi avaliado número de folhas, altura das plantas, massa seca das folhas e massa fresca e seca da raiz. Para as características avaliadas ao longo do tempo observou-se que o tempo de fermentação do biofertilizante de 26 dias e a concentração do biofertilizante de 47% promoveu maior crescimento das plantas. Na colheita, observou-se que em média, o tempo de fermentação do biofertilizante de 30 dias e a concentração do biofertilizante de 50% promoveram maior crescimento e produção das plantas.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Growing carrot submitted the application of doses of biofertilizer</em></strong></p><p><strong>A</strong><strong>bstract: </strong>Conventional agricultural production model is economically viable, however, is responsible for numerous negative impacts on the environment and the individuals who compose it. Based on this context there is a need to adopt new technology providing equivalent production in such a way that conserves natural resources and to decrease the negative impacts on the environment. With this objective of this work was to study the cultivation of carrots under the application of biofertilizers. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse. The treatments resulted from the combination of factors fermentation time of biofertilizers, 10, 20, 30 and 40 days and four bio-fertilizer concentrations, 25, 40, 55 and 70%. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial 4 x 4, with four replications. The characteristics were plant height and number of leaves every 10 days after thinning and harvesting, post-harvest was estimated number of leaves, plant height, dry mass of leaves and fresh and dry root. For the characteristics evaluated over time was observed that the biofertilizer fermentation time of 26 days and the concentration of 47% biofertilizer promoted greater plant growth. At harvest, it was observed that on average the biofertilizer fermentation time of 30 days and the concentration of 50% biofertilizer promoted enhanced growth and yield of plants.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>

scholarly journals Desempenho da rúcula sob condições de sombreamento e níveis de salinidade da água de irrigação

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Rilbson Henrique Silva dos Santos ◽  
Mirandy dos Santos Dias ◽  
Francisco de Assis da Silva ◽  
João Paulo de Oliveira Santos ◽  
Saniel Carlos dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Family Farming ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The City

Arugula is a crop of fast vegetative growth and short cycle, widely accepted worldwide. In Brazil, its production generates jobs and income for family farming. However, the use of saline water in the cultivation of this plant is one of the main factors that limit production. Given this situation, the objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of Apreciatta arugula cultivated under conditions of shading and salinity levels of irrigation water. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in the experimental area of the Agricultural Sciences Center of the Federal University of Alagoas, in the city of Rio Largo, AL. The treatments were obtained from the combination of two shading conditions (with shading and without shading) and five levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water (0.5; 2.0; 3.5; 5.0 and 6.5 dS m-1). The experimental design used was completely randomized in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme. Combined, the factors resulted in 10 treatments with four replications and one plant per plot, totaling 40 experimental units. Arugula plants were evaluated for leaf number, plant height, leaf area and dry matter of the aerial part. Increasing levels of salinity in the irrigation water, lead to a reduction in the number of leaves, plant height and dry mass of the aerial part of arugula plants cultivar Apreciatta. However, the use of shading together with the salinity of irrigation water up to 1.4 dS m-1does not affect the leaf area of arugula plants, being possible to cultivate without considerable losses.

scholarly journals Influence of weed infestation on morphological parameters of maize (Zea mays L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 371-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Fuksa ◽  
J. Hakl ◽  
D. Kocourková ◽  
M. Veselá
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Silage Maize ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Yield Depression

The influence of various ways of regulation in weed infestation of silage maize stands was studied in 1999&ndash;2001. Four variants of stands were compared: 1. without weed eradication (check), 2. mechanically weeded throughout the whole vegetation period, 3. mechanically weeded from the beginning of vegetation till the phase of 5<sup>th</sup> leaf and later on without protection, 4. chemical weeding. The yield of dry mass and morphological characters (height of plants, stem diameter, number of ears per plant etc.) show the substantial negative effect of weed infestation upon the studied parameters. The yield from the check variant reached 8.09 t/ha, from the 2<sup>nd</sup> variant 13.24 t/ha, from the 3<sup>rd</sup> variant 11.46 t/ha and from the 4<sup>th</sup> variant 12.34 t/ha. The decrease of mass in individual parts of plants were observed but their percentage portions were not affected by the level of weed infestation. A high dependence ( = 0.01) between the mass of the whole plant and the ear mass (r = 0.98) was proved. The total number of leaves was not affected by the level of treatment. The results show that the mechanical cultivation of stands at the beginning of vegetation cannot prevent the yield depression cost by weed infestation and the studied parameters cannot reach the level of fully weeded variants.

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