scholarly journals Drought Stresses on Seed Germination and Early Growth of Maize and Sorghum

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana S. Queiroz ◽  
Carlos E. S. Oliveira ◽  
Fábio Steiner ◽  
Alan M. Zuffo ◽  
Tiago Zoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Effects Of Drought

Seeds of maize (Zea mays L.) and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.] were submitted to different osmotic potential levels induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) with the objective of evaluating the effects of drought stress on seed germination and early seedling growth. Seeds were arranged in paper rolls and soaked in PEG solutions prepared with osmotic potentials 0.0 (control), -0.2, -0.4, and -0.8 MPa and kept into a seed germinator, at 25 °C for 18 days. A completely randomized design in a 2 × 4 factorial scheme with four replications of 50 seeds each was used. The results showed that by increasing of the osmotic potential level, germinated seed number, germination rate index, root and shoot length, shoot and root dry matter, and seedling vigor index (SVI) decreased, while mean germination time (MGT) and root: shoot ratio (RSR) increased in both crops. Additionally, the maize was more susceptible than sorghum to drought stress, with germination response declining more rapidly with decreasing osmotic potential. Sorghum crop tolerates water stress of up to -0.2 MPa, without reducing germination of the seeds; however, the growth of shoots and roots are inhibited. Drought stress limits the process of seed germination and early growth of maize seedlings.

scholarly journals ​Influence of Temperature and Salinity Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Soybean (Glycine max L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Çirka ◽  
Ali Rahmi Kaya ◽  
Tamer Eryiğit
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salt Level ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Lower Temperature

Background: The high salt level of a germinating environment can lead to reduced, delayed, and even complete inhibition of germination and seeding growth due to osmotic action and/or ion toxicity. Based on this viewpoint, the aim of this study was to investigate germination temperature and salinity effects on germination and early seedling growth of soybean, which can be sown as first and second crops. Methods: Soybean seeds were subjected to NaCl induced saline germinating media prepared in petri dishes under two different germination temperatures (20±2 and 25±2oC). Thirty sterilized seeds per petri dish were sown in ten salt treatments (0, 100, 150, 250, 750, 1000, 2250, 5000, 7500 and 10000 ppm NaCl L-1). The study was carried out according to the completely randomized design with four replications. Result: Lower temperature promoted seed germination, while the high temperature significantly inhibited the seed germination at all NaCl doses tested. As a result, 25oC temperatures, which can only be measured at the time of the second sowing, have been found to negatively affect germination and also increase the negative effects of salt. Due to the moderate tolerance of soybeans to salt stress, the germination rate was positively affected up to 750 ppm NaCl L-1 dose and resulted in severe reductions in subsequent doses. Also, the tolerance of soybean was negatively influenced by the interaction of temperature and NaCl concentration.

Seed Germination and Physiological Characteristics of Amaranthus mangostanus L. under Drought Stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 1071-1074
Author(s):  
Yong Dong Sun ◽  
Xiao Hua Du ◽  
Wen Jie Zhang ◽  
Li Sun ◽  
Ran Li
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Effects Of Drought

Effects of drought stress on the seed germination and physiological characteristics of amaranth were investigated. The results were as follows: the germination rate and germination potential of amaranth decreased with the increasing of PEG-6000 concentrations. Meanwhile, the root length, shoot length and peroxidase (POD) activity were significantly increased at lower PEG-6000 concentrations, but then decreased with the increasing of PEG-6000. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, proline content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were all significantly increased under drought stress, and reached the top at 20% PEG-6000. These findings indicated that amaranth tolerates drought stress through increasing the activities of SOD and POD and accumulating proline content.

Effects of drought stress simulated by peg on seed germination of two ecotypes of ceratoides arborescens

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Ge-le ◽  
N Togtokhbayar ◽  
Wang Yu-Zhi ◽  
Sun Jie ◽  
V Enkhchimeg
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Arid Desert

Ceratoides arborescens is widely distributed in arid area of Inner Mongolia. They are fine sand binding plants, and the main feed of livestock in arid desert area in the dry season. Under drought stress, seed germination and seedling root growth is very important to the survival and development of plant seedlings. Therefore our main objective of this study was to determine the effects of drought stress on seed germination and seedling growth of two ecotypes, Wu and Kerqin, of Ceratoides arborescens. The effects of drought stress on seed germination under PEG treatment and germination recovery under optimal conditions after presoaking with PEG solution were studied in a series of laboratory tests. The germination and radical growth of the two ecotype Wu and Kerqin of Ceratoides arborescens were studied to different degrees of inhibition with reduced osmotic potential of a series of PEG solutions. However, slight drought stress promoted the seed germination of the two ecotype Wu and Kerqin of Ceratoides arborescens and improved the germination index of the two ecotypes, simulating the radical growth. The lowest osmotic potential for germination was -2.1MPa for Kerqin and -1.8MPa for Wu. The result shows that the drought resistance of seed germination of Kerqin was stronger than that of Wu.Under optimal conditions, the seeds presoaked with PEG solution recovered their germination after drought stress was relived. The seeds presoaked longer, suffered greater from drought stress and germination was suppressed completely. The radical length of the primary root of the two species had no significant difference between the CK after presoaking with PEG solution in 3d，and then decreased significantly with the increase of days of presoaking.

scholarly journals Bioregulators on seed germination and seedling growth of sweet basil

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. e3324
Author(s):  
Larissa Santos Castro ◽  
Danúbia Aparecida Costa Nobre ◽  
Daniel Andrés Villegas Hurtado ◽  
Willian Rodrigues Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) plants have multiple uses, ranging from spice to cosmetic purpose, besides being a source of essential oil and aromatic. These plants were commonly propagated by seed, however, few agrotechnologies are used to enhance the seed germination and initial growth in this crop. For this reason, our research aimed to evaluate aspects of seed germination of Ocimum basilicum L. cv. Limoncino, subjected to different bioregulators applied via substrate imbibition. The experiment was carried out in completely randomized design, with four treatments, as follows: T1: control (distilled water), T2: T13 a solution of a product formulated based on indolbutyric acid + naphthalene acetic acid + gibberellic acid (0.2 mL L-1, Liko Química), T3: gibberellic acid (0.5 mM L-1, progibb-400®) and T4: brassinosteroids (0.1 mM L-1). We evaluated: germination rate, germination speed index (GSI), first count, root and shoot length and chlorophyll a, b, total and carotenoids. The bioregulators did not influence germination, first count, GSI and photosynthetic leaf pigment, but application of gibberellic acid and brassinosteroids improve the shoot and root length, respectively. The gibberellic acid and brassinosteroids are promising bioregulators for stimulating initial basil growth.

scholarly journals Effects of Exogenous Calcium on Datura Seed Germination under Drought Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongji Wang
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Moisture Condition ◽  
Moderate Drought ◽  
Exogenous Calcium ◽  
Effects Of Drought

With polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000), of 0% (CK), 5%, 10%, 15%, 25% used to simulate drought stress, and CaCl2 concentration 0 (CK), of 15, 20, 25 and 30mmol/L as ion gradient of exogenous calcium, the effects of drought, exogenous calcium and the interaction between the two on the Datura seed germination, so as to explore the optimal application amount of exogenous calcium to ease the suppression of drought stress on Datura seed germination. The results showed that the germination rate, germination potential and germination index of the Datura seeds were significantly lower than those of the control group. Under the normal moisture condition, exogenous calcium of moderate and low concentration had no significant effect on the Datura seed germination, while that of high concentration showed an inhibitory effect on the seed germination. Under drought stress, with the increasing concentration of exogenous calcium, the three indicators of Datura seeds showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. When the exogenous calcium had the concentration of 20 mmol/L, all the indicators of seed germination reached the maximum value, while showed a downward trend when exogenous calcium concentration was 25-30 mmol/L, and even increasingly sharp with drought intensifying. Therefore, in the production and utilization of Datura, 20 mmol/L of exogenous calcium can be used to soak seeds before sowing to improve the emergence rate under low and moderate drought conditions.

scholarly journals Poor seed quality, reduced germination, and decreased seedling vigor in soybean is linked to exposure of the maternal lines to drought stress

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chathurika Wijewardana ◽  
K. Raja Reddy ◽  
L. Jason Krutz ◽  
Wei Gao ◽  
Nacer Bellaloui
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Soil Moisture Stress ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
F1 Generation

AbstractEffects of environmental stressors on the parent may be transmitted to the F1 generation of plants that support global food, oil, and energy production for humans and animals. This study was conducted to determine if the effects of drought stress on parental soybean plants are transmitted to the F1 generation. The germination and seedling vigor of F1 soybean whose maternal parents, Asgrow AG5332 and Progeny P5333RY, were exposed to soil moisture stress, that is, 100, 80, 60, 40, and 20% replacement of evapotranspiration (ET) during reproductive growth, were evaluated under controlled conditions. Pooled over cultivars, effects of soil moisture stress on the parents caused a reduction in the seed germination rate, maximum seed germination, and overall seedling performance in the F1 generation. The effect of soil moisture stress on the parent induced an irreversible change in the seed quality in the F1 generation and the effects on seed quality in the F1 generation were exasperated when exposed to increasing levels of drought stress. Results indicate that seed weight and storage reserve are key factors influencing germination traits and seedling growth. Our data confirm that the effects of drought stress on soybean are transferable, causing reduced germination, seedling vigor, and seed quality in the F1 generation.

scholarly journals Effect of cadmium stress on seed germination, plant growth and hydrolyzing enzymes activities in mungbean seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumera Anwar ◽  
Fahad Shafiq ◽  
Zaib-un- Nisa ◽  
Uzma Usman ◽  
Muhammad Yasin Ashraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Hydrolyzing Enzymes

Abstract: Both protein and starch hydrolysis contribute to the effective mobilization of seed reserves to trigger seed germination. We studied the activities of hydrolytic enzymes in germinating seeds of mung bean (Vigna radiata) exposed to cadmium stress at 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 mg.L-1. Exposure to Cd stress decreased the seed germination rate and early seedling growth traits, including root and shoot length and plant fresh and dry biomass compared to control. The adverse effects of Cd were more prominent in terms of shoot length than root length. Seedling α-amylase and protease activities exhibited significant reductions with increasing Cd dose. We also recorded Cd-induced reduction in total soluble proteins and sugars while the concentration of free amino acids exhibited an increase. Above all, a decrease in the hydrolysis process of reserve carbohydrates, proteins and impaired reserve translocation contributed to the inhibition of seedlings’ germination and early growth traits.

scholarly journals Raw and Fermented Alfalfa Brown Juice Induces Changes in the Germination and Development of French Marigold (Tagetes patula L.) Plants

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1076
Author(s):  
Döme Barna ◽  
Szilvia Kisvarga ◽  
Szilvia Kovács ◽  
Gábor Csatári ◽  
Ibolya O. Tóth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Tagetes Patula ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Horticultural Practice ◽  
Brown Juice

Organic and ecological farming programs require new and efficient biostimulants with beneficial properties for the sustainable and safe production of seedlings and ornamental plants. We examined the effect of non-fermented and lacto-fermented alfalfa brown juice (BJ) on seed germination and the vegetative, physiological, and anatomical properties of French marigold (Tagetes patula L. ‘Csemő’) plants which were treated with 0.5–10% fermented and non-fermented BJ, with tap water applied as a control. Applying 0.5% fermented BJ significantly improved seed germination compared with non-fermented BJ, resulting in an increase of 9.6, 11.2, 10.9, and 41.7% in the final germination percent, germination rate index, germination index, and vigor index, respectively. In addition, it increased the root and shoot length by 7.9 and 16.1%, respectively, root and shoot dry mass by 20 and 47.6%, respectively, and the number of leaves by 28.8% compared to the control. Furthermore, an increase in contents of water-soluble phenol, chlorophyll a and b, and carotenoid was reported upon the application of 0.5% fermented BJ, while peroxidase activity decreased. Our results prove that alfalfa BJ can be enrolled as a biostimulant as part of the circular farming approach which supports the sustainable horticultural practice.

Effect of Environmental Factors on Germination and Emergence of Shortawn Foxtail (Alopecurus aequalis)

Weed Science ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Zhao ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Wenlei Guo ◽  
Lele Zhang ◽  
Lu’an Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Wide Range

Shortawn foxtail is an invasive grass weed infesting winter wheat and canola production in China. A better understanding of the germination ecology of shortawn foxtail would help to develop better control strategies for this weed. Experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions to evaluate the effects of various abiotic factors, including temperature, light, pH, osmotic stress, salt concentration, and planting depth, on seed germination and seedling emergence of shortawn foxtail. The results showed that the seed germination rate was greater than 90% over a wide range of constant (5 to 25C) and alternating (15/5 to 35/25C) temperatures. Maximum germination occurred at 20C or 25/15C, and no germination occurred at 35C. Light did not appear to have any effect on seed germination. Shortawn foxtail germination was 27% to 99% over a pH range of 4 to 10, and higher germination was obtained at alkaline pH values ranging from 7 to 10. Seed germination was sensitive to osmotic potential and completely inhibited at an osmotic potential of −0.6 MPa, but it was tolerant to salinity: germination even occurred at 200 mM NaCl (5%). Seedling emergence was highest (98%) when seeds were placed on the soil surface but declined with the increasing burial depth. No seedlings emerged when seeds were buried 6-cm deep. Deep tillage could be an effective measure to limit seed germination from increased burial depth. The results of this study will lead to a better understanding of the requirements for shortawn foxtail germination and emergence and will provide information that could contribute to its control.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN Trichoderma Koningii PADA PERKECAMBAHAN SIRSAK (Annona muricata linn)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Erida Derita Dalame ◽  
Bertje Richard Albert Sumayku ◽  
Jeany Polii - Mandang
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
The North ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Trichoderma Koningii ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Two Factors

This study aims to determine the dose of Trichoderma koningii which can induce soursop germination; know the best soaking time that can affect the induction of soursop germination; to know the interaction between soaking time and Trichoderma koningii dose on soursop germination. This research was conducted in April - June 2019 at the Green House of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado. The material used in this study was soursop seed obtained from Lota Village, Pineleng Tomohon Subdistrict, Trichoderma koningii with 106 solids obtained from the North Sulawesi Province Plant Protection Center Collection, Aquadest, 70% Alcohol, 80% Acetone, sandalready sifter and sterilized. This research was arranged in factorial with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of two factors, namely 5 treatments of Trichoderma koningii dose and 4 immersion treatments repeated three times (3x) so that a total of 60 treatment units. Each treatment unituses 10 seeds. The results of this study indicated that the dose of Trichoderma koninggi 200 g without soaking can increase the germination power by 86.67% and the vigor index by 32.96%; Immersion with Koninggi Trichoderma suspension has not been able to induce soursop seed germination rate; Theinteraction between Trichoderma koningii dose and soaking time did not affect the speed of soursop seed germination.*eprm*

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