scholarly journals Toxicity of Andira paniculata (Fabaceae) Extracts to Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 264
Author(s):  
Maurilio de Sousa Neto ◽  
Franciele Cristina da Silva ◽  
André Cirilo De Sousa Almeida ◽  
Antônio Carlos Severo Menezes ◽  
Márcio Da Silva Araujo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Larval Period ◽  
Pupal Weight ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Helicoverpa armigera is one of the most important pests of soybean crop in Brazil. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of organic Andira paniculata extracts on its biology, feeding and the attractiveness of soybean plants to H. armigera. Hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and hydroalcoholic fractions at concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 0.5 and 1% were evaluated. For the biological parameters the period and viability of larval stage, caterpillar weight at ten days, period, viability and pupal weight at 24 hours, total longevity, LC50 and deterrence were evaluated. The non-preference for feeding and attractiveness, the number of caterpillars and the dry matter consumed in each fraction of the extracts were evaluated. The extract of A. paniculata in hexane (0.01%) resulted up to 85% mortality of H. armigera. The A. paniculata extract did not affect the larval period, weight, pupal period and mortality or the consumption of H. armigera. The hydroalcoholic extracts obtained the better results for deterrence. The A. paniculata extract in dichloromethane fraction had the lowest LC50. The A. paniculata extracts in the hexane fractions (0.1%), ethyl acetate (0.01 and 0.5%) and hydroalcoholic (0.01 and 0.5%) were fagodeterrents for H. armigera. Thus, A. paniculata extract in hexane fraction is the most promising for use in the control of H. armigera in soybean.

scholarly journals Sublethal effects of different fungal isolates on Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamires Doroteo de Souza ◽  
Fabricio Oliveira Fernandes ◽  
Ariadne Costa Sanches ◽  
Ricardo Antônio Polanczyk
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Pupal Weight ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract Background Broad-spectrum pesticides and Bt crops have been used against the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), but their effect on the environment and the development of resistance are the main limitations for these control measures. The use of mycobiopesticides is an ecofriendly and efficient alternative. Fungicides have a wide distribution and a high genetic variability, which allows their screening for more virulent isolates. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the interactions of H. armigera larvae with Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana, on mortality, virulence, sublethal effects, and life table aspects. Main body The isolates that caused mortality rates of H. armigera above 80% were selected for further assays. Virulence was measured by LC50 estimates, using Probit analysis to sublethal effects, and the bootstrap procedure to estimate the biological parameters: time for development, fertility, longevity, pre-ovipositional period, egg viability, and sex ratio. The H. armigera mortality rates caused by B. bassiana and M. anisopliae ranged from 45 to 100% and from 40 to 90%, respectively. Longevity, fertility, and survival rates are affected in all treatments. The pupal weight of individuals treated with fungi was lower than in the control. Deformations were observed in H. armigera pupae developed from larvae treated with B. bassiana. Conclusion The use of sublethal concentrations of isolates of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana resulted in an adverse effect on the biological parameters of H. armigera.

scholarly journals Biological parameters of three Trichogramma pretiosum strains (Riley, 1879) (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) on eggs Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner, 1805) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel dos Santos Carvalho ◽  
Luciana Barbosa Silva ◽  
Maisa Sousa Veras ◽  
Eliane Carneiro Bueno dos Santos ◽  
Mayra Layra dos Santos Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Trichogramma Pretiosum ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

scholarly journals Comparative Performance of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Chickpea and Faba Bean

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Tarekegn Fite ◽  
Tadele Tefera ◽  
Mulugeta Negeri ◽  
Tebekew Damte ◽  
Waktole Sori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Larval Period ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Prepupal Stage ◽  
Suitable Host ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one of the most economically important agricultural pests of chickpea in Asia and Africa. Though most of the H. armigera biology was studied on chickpea, yet better understanding on fababean was still important. The present study was conducted to better understand the life cycle of H. armigera reared on chickpea and faba bean under laboratory conditions via the development of age-stage life tables. The results of life table study indicated that the highest survival rate was during the late larval instar on both hosts followed by early instars. High mortality was during prepupal stage on chickpea and during the 5th larval instar on faba bean. Total larval period was 15.8 days on chickpea and 15.1 days on faba bean. Larvae reared on chickpea exhibited the longest (14.9 days) period of mean total pupal and pre-oviposition durations. Maximum fecundity and eggs viability were recorded from insect reared on chickpea. The current result revealed that chickpea was the more suitable host for reproduction and survival of H. armigera than faba bean under laboratory condition.

scholarly journals Potential of Predator Podisus nigrispinus Dallas (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in the Control of Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Juliana Simonato ◽  
Harley N. de Oliveira ◽  
José F. J. Grigolli ◽  
Mirian M. Kubota Grigolli ◽  
Ivana F. da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Instar Nymph ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Previous Phase ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Managing Helicoverpa armigera is still a major challenge for Brazilian farmers, due to limited information available about chemicals and biological control of this pest in Brazil. This study focused on evaluating the biological aspects of Podisus nigrispinus fed with H. armigera, under laboratory conditions, as well as verifying the capacity of the P. nigrispinus in preying on caterpillars of H. armigera in the field, in soybean crops. The experiments were conducted in laboratory under controlled temperature conditions of 25±2 ºC, relative humidity (RH) 60±10% and 14-hour photophase, as well as in the field, at the experimental station of Fundação MS in Maracaju, MS. In the laboratory, second instar nymphs of P. nigrispinus were placed in plastic jars and fed with H. armigera larvae or Tenebrio molitor larvae throughout the nymphal phase. When they reach adulthood, 15 couples were formed, remaining with the same prey of the previous phase. For the field trial, soybean plants were caged, and inside these cages were released eight quarter-instar H. armigera caterpillars. Subsequently, in each cage were released an adult female or a fifth instar nymph, and after 24 hours, the number of prey caterpillars were assessed. Predator nymphal duration was shorter in treatment with H. armigera than with T. molitor. Nymphal viability was similar between treatments. Adult females and males fed with H. armigera presented greater body mass than those fed with T. molitor. The number of postures per female and the number of eggs per female were similar between treatments. The incubation period of eggs was longer for treatment with H. armigera, differing statistically from treatment with T. molitor. Eggs from treatment with H. armigera showed similar viability to treatment with T. molitor, not differing statistically. Females and males under treatment with H. armigera showed longer longevity compared to treatment with T. molitor. Adult females preyed on average 2.26 caterpillars within 24 hours and fifth instar nymphs preyed on 1.73 caterpillars/day. P. nigrispinus showed better development when fed with H. armigera, demonstrating that it can be used as an alternative host for breeding this predator. The predator showed satisfactory performance for predation rate/day. Release of fifth instar nymphs and adult females of P. nigrispinus may reduce the pest population in relation to the absence of the predator under field conditions, an important alternative to be used in H. armigera integrated management programs.

Incidence of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its natural enemies on smallholder crops in Kenya

1993 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. van den Berg ◽  
M. J. W. Cock ◽  
G. I. Oduor ◽  
E. K. Onsongo
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Heliothis Armigera ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Larval Parasitoid ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Experimental Plots

AbstractSmallholder crops (sunflower, maize, sorghum and cotton) were grown in experimental plots at seven sites, representing different agricultural zones of Kenya, over four seasons. Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (formerly Heliothis armigera) only occasionally achieved population densities sufficient to cause obvious damage to the crops, and was virtually absent from the coastal sites. At the inland sites, infestation and mortality levels varied greatly. Information is presented on the incidence of H. armigera, and the identity, distribution and frequency of its common parasitoids and (potential) predators, sampled in the experimental plots. Trichogrammatoidea spp., egg parasitoids, and Linnaemya longirostris (Macquart), a tachinid late-larval parasitoid, were the most common parasitoid species, but total percentage parasitism was rather low. Of the large complex of predators, only anthocorids and ants (predominantly Pheidole spp., Myrmicaria spp. and Camponotus spp.) were sufficiently common and widespread to be of importance in suppressing H. armigera. The abundance of predators fluctuated widely between sites, but anthocorids were most abundant at the western sites.

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