scholarly journals Generation Mean Analysis in Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] under Flower Thrips infestation

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonné Sobda ◽  
Fonji Maureen Atemkeng ◽  
Ousmane Boukar ◽  
Chistian Fatokun ◽  
Pangirayi Bernard Tongoona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Cowpea Resistance ◽  
Predominant Type ◽  
Screen House

Two sets of six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1, BC1P2) of cowpea were developed from crosses of contrasting inbred lines VYA (susceptible) × SANZI (resistant) and LORI (susceptible) × SANZI (resistant). The aim of this study was to determine the inheritance and elucidate the genetic control of cowpea resistance to thrips. The first set (VYA × SANZI) was evaluated under natural thrips infestation in the field in a completely randomized block design with three replications. The second set (LORI × SANZI) was screened using artificial thrips infestation in the screen house. In each trial, data were recorded on 150 individual plants. These included the score of thrips damages using the scale of one to nine, number of thrips per flower, number of pods per plant, pod weight per plant and grain weight per plant. The generation mean analysis revealed that both additive and non-additive types of gene effects were significant. Dominance × dominance was the most predominant type of gene effects for thrips resistance, suggesting that breeders should delay selection to late generations to allow advancement of as many high-potential recombinants as possible during hybridization. The number of genes that control the expression of number of thrips per flower was three and ranged from three to four, for score of thrips damages. High broad sense and moderate narrow sense heritability were observed ranging from 0.53 to 0.65 and 0.14 to 0.36, respectively for all of the traits measured. 

scholarly journals Evaluating Genetic Parameters and Combining Ability of Starch Viscosity Parameters in Rice Cultivars (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 665
Author(s):  
Alireza Haghighi Hasanalideh ◽  
Mehrzad Allahgholipour ◽  
Ezatollah Farshadfar
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Breeding Methods ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Additive Gene

This study was undertaken to assess the combining ability of 6 rice varieties, for viscosity parameters and determining gene action controlling Rapid Visco Analyser (RVA) characters. F2 progenies derived from a 6×6 half diallel mating design with their parents were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII) in 2015. The diallel analysis by Griffing`s method indicated the involvement of additive and non-additive gene actions controlling RVA traits. For traits PV and FV RI18447-2 and IR50 were the best combiners for increasing and decreasing, respectively. Deylamani and IR50 were the best combiners for increasing and decreasing BV, respectively. Beside, due to more portion of non-additive gene action in controlling trait SV, The Gilaneh × RI18430-46, and Deylamani × RI18430-46 crosses were the best for increasing and decreasing SV, respectively. The high estimates of broad sense heritability and narrow sense heritability for BV and FV, indicated the importance of additive effects in expression of these traits. Therefore, selection base breeding methods will be useful to improve these traits and selection in the early generations could be done to fix the favourable genes. Low estimate of narrow sense heritability for SV revealed that non-additive gene effects play important role in controlling setback viscosity. So, hybrid base breeding methods will be useful to improve this trait.

Evaluation of genetic potential of shoot fly resistant sources in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)

2008 ◽  
Vol 147 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. ARUNA ◽  
P. G. PADMAJA
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Trichome Density ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Shoot Fly ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Sorghum Shoot Fly ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

SUMMARYTwelve sorghum lines resistant to sorghum shoot fly were evaluated for their combining ability for shoot fly resistance and traits associated with resistance, using three male sterile lines in two environments. Using a completely randomized block design with three replications, 36 hybrids and 15 parental genotypes were raised. Considerable genetic variation was observed for all the traits studied. Non-additive gene effects played an important role in governing glossiness, seedling vigour and proportion of plants with deadhearts. For trichome density, both additive and non-additive gene actions were important. Among the lines evaluated, those identified to be good combiners were SFCR 1047 for seedling vigour, deadheart proportion and trichome density, RSE 03 for glossiness, deadheart proportion at 21 DAE and trichome density, and SPSFR 94032 for seedling vigour and shoot fly eggs per plant. Genetic diversity and cluster analysis grouped the 15 parents (12 resistant and 3 susceptible parents) into five clusters. Utilization of the resistant lines belonging to different clusters in improving shoot fly resistance in sorghum is discussed.

scholarly journals GENERATION MEAN ANALYSIS USING GENERATION VARIANCE IN DURUM WHEAT TRAITS (Triticum durum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 1308-1313
Author(s):  
H. S. Ali Askander
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Additive Variance ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Gene Effect ◽  
Engineering Sciences

The present investigation was conducted to estimate the gene action effects in some traits of durum wheat by using crosses two generation of wheat (Albit-9 X omgenil-3) through generation mean analysis during growing season 2016-2017, at Field Crops Department, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Duhok. The analysis of variance showed significant differences between generations mean for studied traits except spike length which did not significant. The mean value of F1 generation was higher than the respect parents (P1 and P2) F2, Bc1 and Bc2 for most of studied traits in wheat crosses. The results of gene effect shown that the dominance gene effects were significant and positive with all studied traits, whereas additive gene effect did not significant for all traits except plant height and number of grain per spike, also The results exhibited that the dominance and additive X additive variance was positive for all traits this mean complementary gene effect controlling these traits, regarding of broad and narrow sense heritability. The results indicate that broad sense value was more than the narrow sense heritability. Heterosis in F1 cross over mid parents was recorded a positive value (9.672, 8.112) for plant height and grain yield per plant, while inbreeding depression was measured as reduction in performance of F2 generation a positive results were obtained for all traits.   

scholarly journals KETAHANAN DELAPAN KULTIVAR TEMBAKAU LOKAL BONDOWOSO TERHADAP TIGA PATOGEN PENTING (Ralstonia solanacearum, Pectobacterium carotovorum, DAN Phytophthora nicotianae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
TITIEK YULIANTI ◽  
NURUL HIDAYAH ◽  
SRI YULAIKAH
Keyword(s):  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Pectobacterium Carotovorum ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Stalk Rot ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Tobacco Production ◽  
Screen House

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Tembakau bondowoso merupakan tembakau lokal rajangan yang<br />berkembang di Kabupaten Bondowoso, Jawa Timur. Saat ini ada delapan<br />kultivar dengan karakter produksi, mutu, dan ketahanannya terhadap<br />penyakit yang berbeda. Layu bakteri (Ralstonia solanacearum), busuk<br />batang berlubang (Pectobacterium carotovorum), dan lanas (Phytophthora<br />nicotianae) merupakan penyakit yang sering menyebabkan turunnya<br />produksi tembakau bondowoso. Evaluasi ketahanan delapan kultivar<br />tembakau bondowoso (Samporis, Serumpung, Marakot, Samporis Lokal,<br />Samporis AH, Samporis CH, Samporis B. Disbun, dan Deli) terhadap<br />ketiga patogen tersebut dilaksanakan di laboratorium dan rumah kasa Balai<br />Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat (Balittas) mulai bulan April sampai<br />dengan Oktober 2011. Penelitian terhadap ketiga patogen tersebut<br />dilakukan secara terpisah. Masing-masing kultivar ditanam sebanyak 10<br />tanaman, 1 tanaman/polibag. Setiap perlakuan (kultivar) diulang 3 kali dan<br />disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK). Inokulasi R.<br />solanacearum dan P. carotovorum dilakukan secara terpisah 24 jam<br />sebelum transplanting. Inokulasi P. nicotianae dilakukan dengan dua cara,<br />yaitu melalui akar dan pangkal batang. Inokulasi akar sama dengan cara<br />inokulasi bakteri. Inokulasi pangkal batang dilakukan pada tanaman<br />berumur 2 minggu setelah transplanting. Pengamatan intensitas penyakit<br />dilakukan setiap minggu selama 11 minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan<br />bahwa kultivar Samporis CH, Samporis, dan Deli tahan terhadap P.<br />carotovorum, R. solanacearum, dan P. nicotianae. Kultivar Samporis CH.,<br />Samporis, dan Deli ketahanannya lebih tinggi terhadap ketiga patogen,<br />dengan intensitas penyakit berkisar antara 3,3%-6,7%. Kultivar Marakot<br />sangat rentan terhadap ketiga patogen tersebut dengan tingkat keparahan ≥<br />50%. Demikian pula kultivar Samporis AH yang rentan terhadap R.<br />solanacearum, P. nicotianae dan P. carotovorum dengan intensitas<br />penyakit 23,3-53,3%. Oleh karena itu, kultivar Samporis CH, Samporis,<br />dan Deli cocok dikembangkan pada lahan endemik penyakit tular tanah di<br />Kabupaten Bondowoso.<br />Kata kunci: tembakau  bondowoso, Pectobacterium  carotovorum<br />Phytophthora  nicotianae, Ralstonia  solanacearum,<br />ketahanan</p><p>ABSTRACT<br />Bondowoso tobacco is a local type of sliced tobacco which is<br />restrictedly cultivated in Bondowoso Regency, East Java. There are eight<br />cultivars known, ie. Samporis, Serumpung, Marakot, Samporis Lokal,<br />Samporis AH, Samporis CH, Samporis B. Disbun, and Deli with their own<br />distinctive characters on their production, quality, and resistance to<br />diseases. Bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum), hollow stalk rot<br />(Pectobacterium carotovorum), and blackshank (Phytophthora nicotianae<br />are the main cause of bondowoso tobacco production loss. Evaluation on<br />the resistance level of the cultivars to the three pathogens above has been<br />conducted at a laboratory and screen house scale in Indonesian Sweetener<br />and Fibre Crops Research Institute from April to October 2011. The<br />evaluation of each pathogen was conducted separately. Each evaluation of<br />the pathogen per cultivar used 10 plants planted individually in a polybag.<br />The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with 3<br />replicates. R. solanacearum and P. carotovorum were separately<br />inoculated on the test plants 24 h before transplanting. The inoculation of<br />P. nicotianae was done twice via the root and stem. Disease intensity was<br />observed weekly for 11 weeks. The results showed that Samporis CH,<br />Samporis, and Deli cultivars were resistant to P. carotovorum, R.<br />solanacearum and P. nicotianae, whereas Samporis and Deli cultivars<br />were more resistant to the pathogens (disease intensity ranged 3.3-6.7%).<br />Marakot cultivar was very susceptible to all of the three pathogens (disease<br />intensity ≥ 50%). Similarly, Samporis AH cultivar was also susceptible to<br />the pathogens with disease intensity ranged 23.3-53.3%. The study<br />indicated that Samporis CH, Samporis, and Deli cultivars are suitable to be<br />cultivated in the endemic soil born pathogen areas of Bondowoso<br />Regency.<br />Key words: bondowoso  tobacco, Pectobacterium  carotovorum,<br />Phytophthora  nicotianae, Ralstonia  solanacearum,<br />resistance</p>

scholarly journals Pengaruh perlakuan ethyl methanesulphonate terhadap perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan kentang granola (biji)

Kultivasi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanifah Nuraeni Suteja ◽  
Neni Rostini ◽  
Suseno Amien
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Ethyl Methanesulphonate ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
True Potato Seed ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Screen House

Sari. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengevaluasi pengaruh ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kentang Granola dari biji botani dan memperoleh konsentrasi efektif untuk mendapatkan mutan berdaya hasil tinggi. Percobaan dilakukan dalam dua tahap. Tahap pertama dilakukan di laboratorium kultur jaringan BALITSA, Lembang, yang terdiri dari tahap perlakuan EMS pada biji dengan konsentrasi  0,01%; 0,03%; 0,05%; 0,07%; 0,10%; 0,13%; 0,15%; 0,17%; dan 0,20%; selama 3 dan 6 jam, penanaman biji pada media kultur MS, perbanyakan planlet dan pengamatan planlet. Tahap kedua dilakukan di rumah kasa di Pangalengan yang terdiri dari tahapan aklimatisasi menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 14 perlakuan EMS yang diulang 3 kali dan pengamatan pertumbuhan tanaman. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa EMS menyebabkan penurunan pada daya kecambah. Pengamatan pertumbuhan di rumah kasa menunjukkan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, indeks kandungan klorofil, dan berat ubi pertanaman hasil perlakuan memiliki hasil yang lebih rendah dibandingkan kontrol. Konsentrasi EMS 0,07% dengan perendaman 3 jam dan konsentrasi 0,01% dengan perendaman 6 jam menghasilkan genotipe 3D12 dan 6A8 yang memiliki hasil panen tinggi. Kata kunci: kentang, EMS, mutasi, pertumbuhan. Abstract. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) on true potato seed germination and growth of potato Granola also obtained effective concentrations of EMS to produce mutants with high yield. Experiment was conducted in two stages. The first stage was carried out in BALITSA tissue culture laboratory, Lembang which consisted of EMS treatment steps in seeds with concentrations of 0.01%, 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.07%, 0.10%, 0.13%, 0.15%, 0.17%, and 0.20% for 3 and 6 hour; seeds planting on MS culture media; planlet propagation and plantlets observations. The second stage was carried out in screen house in Pangalengan which consisted of acclimatization stages using a randomized block design with 14 EMS treatment repeated 3 times and observations of plant growth, and yield. The results showed that EMS caused a decrease in germination. Growth observation results at screen house showed plant height, number of leaves, chlorophyll content index, and weight of tubers from treatment had lower than controls. Treatment with 0.07% EMS concentration for 3 hours and 0.01% consentration for 6 hours produced 3D12 and 6A8 mutan genotypes which had high yields.  Keywords: potato, EMS, mutation, growth.

scholarly journals Expression of Heterosis for Productive Traits in Bottle Gourd Hybrids

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
AKM Quamruzzaman ◽  
M.M.R. SALIM ◽  
L. AKHTER ◽  
M.M. RAHMAN ◽  
M.A. Z. CHOWDHURY
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Bottle Gourd ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Productive Traits

A study was conducted in bottle gourd to estimate the magnitude of heterosis for yield and its thirteen yield related components. Twenty one bottle gourd hybrids generated from 7 × 7 diallel cross (excluding reciprocals) along with their seven parents evaluated in a Randomized Block Design with three replication at at the Olericulture Division of Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh during 2018-19. Most of the crosses showed significant heterobeltiosis for earliness. The highest heterobeltiotic effect was observed in the cross P2XP7 and P4XP7. The best heterotic cross for fruit length was P4XP5. Maximum heterotic effect in respect of fruit number per plant was found in the cross P1XP6 and P4XP6. In terms of yield per plant the highest heterobeltiosis was shown by the crosses P3XP4, P3XP5, P4XP5 and P4XP7. In the overall analysis, both additive and non-additive gene actions were found important with predominance of the additive gene effects in the inheritance of bottle gourd.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Limbah Organik Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Mentimun (Cucumis Sativus L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Widiya Satriawi ◽  
Etik Wukir Tini ◽  
Achmad Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Pineapple Peel ◽  
Washing Water ◽  
Screen House

Cucumber is one of the choices of horticultural commodities for farming activities. To increase the production of cucumber can be done by using organic waste fertilizers, such as pineapple peel waste and rice washing water. This research aims: 1) to know the best concentration of liquid organic fertilizer of pineapple peel waste for growth and yield of cucumber; 2) to know the best concentration of liquid organic fertilizer of rice washing water for growth and yield of cucumber; and 3) to know the best combination of concentration of liquid organic fertilizer of pineapple peel waste and liquid organic fertilizer of rice washing water for growth and yield of cucumber. The research was conducted at screen house located in Tambaksogra Village, Sumbang Sub-district, Banyumas Regency and the Laboratory Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University, on Januari until June 2019. The experiment design used was Completely Randomized Block Design with 2 factors and 3 replication. The first factor was the concentration of liquid organic fertilizer of pineapple peel waste, namely 0, 10, 20, and 30 ml/l. The second factor was the concentration of liquid organic fertilizer of rice washing water, namely 0, 10, 20, and 30 ml/l. The results showed that: 1) the concentration 30 ml/l of liquid organic fertilizer of pineapple peel waste increased fruit weight per plant compared to the control treatment of 606,02 g : 45,48%, fruit length 15,99 cm : 9,22%, and fruit volume 163,87 ml : 13,37%; 2) the concentration liquid organic fertilizer of rice washing water did not increased the growth and yield of cucumber plants; and 3) the combination of concentrations liquid organic fertilizer of pineapple peel waste and rice washing water gave the same response to plant growth and yield.

scholarly journals Uji Infektifitas dan Efektifitas Rhizobia sp. terhadap Tanaman Kedelai di Rumah Kasa pada Tanah Ultisol dengan pH yang Berbeda

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-87
Author(s):  
M. Reza Alfikri ◽  
Hardy Guchi ◽  
Asmarlaili Sahar Hanafiah
Keyword(s):  
Root Nodule ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
Fixed Nitrogen ◽  
N Level ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Plant Level ◽  
Biology Laboratory ◽  
Screen House ◽  
Infectivity Test

Rhizobia fixed nitrogen from the air and supplied legume and effected to soil fertility. The research was conducted in May 2017 until November at Soil Biology Laboratory and Screen House of Agriculture Faculty University of Sumatera Utara. This research was carried out with 2 stages: growth test at various pH with isolate tested (TJA 1, TJA 2, TJA 3, BGR 1, BGR 2, BGR 3, BGR 4, BALAI 1, BALAI 2, BALAI 3, LP 1, LP 2, LP 3, LP 4 and LAB) and the infectivity test and the effectivity of Rhizobia. The research used Randomized Block Design with 2 treatment: Lime (Without Lime and Lime 1 x Aldd) and Isolate Rhizobia (TJA 1, TJA 3, BGR 1, BGR 3, BGR 4, BALAI 2, BALAI 3, LP 1, LP 2, LP 4 and LAB). The application of Rhizobia’s isolate BGR 3 showed the infektively with root nodule amount criteria(124,00). The isolate Rhizobia’s BGR 3 effectively increased N plant level and N absorption (3,80 %; 31,08mg/plant). Application of isolate Rhizobia was not able to increase the level of P plants and P plant uptake. The best interaction was shown (Plant height 85.00 cm, stem diameter 3.93 mm, root nodule 127.50, N level of 3.80%, N absorption 30.16 mg / plant) by treatment of BGR 3 and Lime 1 x Aldd.

scholarly journals Genetic control of resistance to gray leaf spot of maize in tropical germplasm

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Humberto de Brito ◽  
Livia Maria Chamma Davide ◽  
Renzo Garcia Von Pinho ◽  
Rafael Pelloso de Carvalho ◽  
Matheus Costa dos Reis
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Gray Leaf Spot ◽  
Cercospora Leaf Spot ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Tropical Germplasm ◽  
Plant Level

The main goal of this study was to assess the nature and magnitude of gene effects for resistance to Cercospora leaf spot. A randomized block design with three replications was used. The data were obtained at the plant level by assessing the disease severity. The data were analyzed per experiment, using the average data per plot. A dominant-additive genetic model without epistasis was considered, with estimation of the components of means and variance. The genetic control of resistance to gray leaf spot is polygenic with predominance of the additive effects. Dominance was observed in a few small-effect loci and high heritability values.

scholarly journals Estimation of genetic parameters and verification of early selection efficiency in baru (Dipteryx alata)

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisson Moura Santos ◽  
Sebastião Carlos da Silva Rosado ◽  
Adelson Nascimento Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Early Selection ◽  
Selection Efficiency ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Brazilian Savannah ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Dipteryx Alata

This study aimed at verifying the efficiency of early selection, and estimating the genetic parameters in Dipteryx alata. The 66 half-sib families were obtained from three seed provenances at the Brazilian Savannah of the state of Minas Gerais. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with 3 replications and 5 plants per plot. Data diameters at breast height (DBH) and total height (TH) were taken at the ages of 64, 125 and 138 months. REML/BLUP methodology was applied in the D. alata different provenances and progenies. Analysis indicated significant genetic variability (P < 0.01) between and within provenances. Both traits, DBH and TH, presented high narrow sense heritability for the ages analyzed. High genetic correlation occurred between DBH and TH traits, and between ages (age-age); thus, it allowed indirect selection, as well as early selection with high genetics gains.

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