scholarly journals Plant Components of Agroforestry System Have Different Contributions to Soil Fertility

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Danielle Vasconcelos Do Nascimento ◽  
Mirian Cristina Gomes Costa ◽  
Raul Shiso Toma ◽  
Miguel Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Agrosilvopastoral System ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Tree Component ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Plant Components

The objective was to evaluate soil fertility in agrosilvopastoral system in an area influenced by plant components. The study was carried out in the semi-arid region, in the municipality of Sobral (Ceará State, Brazil). The studied treatments were three plant components: shrub (Leucaena leucocephala), tree (Poincianera pyramidalis), crop (Zea mays) and an area of natural regeneration, all at four soil depths. The main chemical attributes were evaluated in the soil samples. The plant components contribute differently to the chemical attributes, especially the tree component, promoting improvements even without the addition of inputs.

scholarly journals Natural Regeneration of the Mangrove Vegetation on Abandoned Salt Ponds in Ceará, in the Semi-Arid Region of Northeastern Brazil

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando Reis-Neto ◽  
Antonio Meireles ◽  
Marília Cunha-Lignon
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Ecosystem Dynamics ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Mangrove Vegetation ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

The development of the mangrove in Ceará state, northeastern Brazil, is limited by local environmental and climatic factors, associated with the variables that determine the region’s semi-arid climatic conditions. The same conditions also contribute to the installation of artisanal saltworks in estuarine environments. The artisanal production of salt peaked in the 20th century, but with the decline of this activity, the salt evaporation ponds were abandoned, and have been incorporated back into the natural marine-estuarine environment and colonized by mangrove forests. In the early 2000s, however, the expansion of shrimp farming operations impacted this same environment. The present study was based on a spatiotemporal analysis of the natural regeneration of the mangrove vegetation in abandoned salt pond areas in the Brazilian semi-arid region between 1968 and 2009. The integrated analysis of mangrove ecosystem dynamics and the legislation that regulates the licensing of these economic activities identified a number of technical problems in the formulation and execution of the COEMA resolution 02/2002, which permits the installation of shrimp farms in areas dominated by the mangrove. The findings of the present study reinforce the need for a careful reformulation of the Ceará state environmental legislation, in order to guarantee the maximum possible conservation of the coastal zone.

A new species of Mucor (Mucoromycotina, Mucorales) isolated from an enclave of Upland Atlantic Forest in the semi-arid region of Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 351 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
CARLOS A.F. DE SOUZA ◽  
KERSTIN VOIGT ◽  
LUCIANA SARTORI GURGEL ◽  
THALLINE R.L. CORDEIRO ◽  
RAFAEL J.V. OLIVEIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Semi Arid

During a survey of Mucorales in fragments of an Atlantic Upland Forest inserted in the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Brazil, a specimen of Mucor was isolated from soil samples. The specimen was characterized based on morphological, physiological and molecular data (ITS and LSU rDNA regions). The isolate produces intensely branched sporangiophores commonly with between one and several septa with mostly applanate columellae. The sporangiophores were smooth-walled and varied in shape and size, while some were subglobose. The best growth was at 25°C but there was also good growth at 30°C. Based on the evidence of the analyzed datasets a new species of Mucor is proposed. A detailed description of the new specimen of Mucor from the Brazilian semi-arid region are provided.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF BORDER VEGETATION AND EDAPHIC-CLIMATOLOGY OF CLEARINGS IN AN AREA OF CAATINGA IN THE SEMI-ARID REGION OF BRAZIL.

FLORESTA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 523
Author(s):  
Azenate Campos Gomes ◽  
Jacob Silva Souto ◽  
Alecksandra Vieira de Lacerda
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Climatic Parameters ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

The use and unsustainable occupation in the semi-arid areas have resulted throughout its historical process in strong negative impacts by opening clearings in the areas of Caatinga, which need to be identified and studied to reverse this situation. The objective of this work was to analyze the dynamics of border of vegetation and edaphic-climatological clearings in a Caatinga area in the municipality of Sumé, state of Paraíba, Brazil. The study was conducted in the Experimental Area Reserved for Ecology and Dynamic Studies of the Caatinga of LAEB/CDSA/UFCG (7°39'38.8'' S and 36°53'42.4'' W, with 538 m of altitude). The clearings were isolated, and monitored between 2013 and 2015, soil and agrometeorological data were collected. Shrubs and live trees with diameter at ground level and height >0.03 and >1.0 m respectively were considered as border individuals. The highest values of soil density were observed for the clearings that presented the lowest levels of organic matter. 62% of the clearings had an increase in their area due to the high mortality of Croton blanchetianus Baill. and 38% had their area reduced due to the colonization of young, mainly Jatropha mollissima (Pohl) Baill. The floristic composition of the border comprised six species distributed in six genera and four families, being Fabaceae and Euphorbiaceae the most representative. The number of border individuals and recorded mortality were fully correlated with climatic parameters. Therefore, although the clearings are in the process of natural regeneration, climatic factors have strongly influenced the delay of this process. 

Natural regeneration of the vegetation of an abandoned agricultural field in a semi-arid region: a focus on seed bank and above-ground vegetation

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Pedro Arthur do Nascimento Oliveira ◽  
Josiene Maria Falção Fraga dos Santos ◽  
Elcida de Lima Araújo ◽  
Danielle Melo dos Santos ◽  
André Mauricio Melo Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Soil Structure and Porous System in Response to Plant Components of an Agrosilvopastoral System

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Carla Danielle Vasconcelos do Nascimento ◽  
Mirian Cristina Gomes Costa ◽  
Raul Shiso Toma ◽  
Jaedson Cláudio Anunciato Mota ◽  
Ademir Silva Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Pore Distribution ◽  
Porous System ◽  
Intrinsic Permeability ◽  
Plant Component ◽  
Agrosilvopastoral System ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Shape And Size ◽  
Plant Components

Production systems of agroecological nature, such as agrosilvopastoral systems, have been considered as beneficial in various regions of the world. In semi-arid regions, these systems can contribute not only to food production, but also to soil conservation. Considering the specificities of each plant component, it is supposed that there is a different influence on soil structure, so that some components can be more efficient than others in the improvement of this structure. In the present study, the objective was to evaluate physical attributes with emphasis on the pore distribution, shape and size of a Luvisol in the influence area of different plant components of an agrosilvopastoral system in the semi-arid region of the Ceará state. The study was carried out in an agrosilvopastoral system established in the municipality of Sobral (Ceará, Brazil), with a completely randomized strip-plot design and four replicates. The treatments corresponded to three plant components: arbustive (Leucaena leucocephala), arboreal (Poincianella pyramidalis) and agricultural (Zea mays); and four soil layers: 0.0-0.05, 0.05-0.18, 0.18-0.25 and 0.025-0.41 m. For physical and micromorphometric analyses, undisturbed soil samples were collected in profiles in the areas covered by the plant components. The following attributes were analyzed: soil density, soil-air intrinsic permeability, soil-water characteristic curve, total porosity and pore distribution by shape and size. The soil under the influence of the components L. leucocephala and P. pyramidalis showed better structure, represented by the lower values of density, higher intrinsic permeability to the air and larger total area of pores, in comparison to the soil under the influence of Zea mays. The unfavorable result of the annual crop is due not only to the plant component, but also to the grazing of crop residues in the management system.

scholarly journals Soil sampling optimization using spatial analysis in irrigated mango fields under brazilian semi-arid conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kátia Araújo da Silva ◽  
Marcos Sales Rodrigues ◽  
Filipe Bernard Ramos Moreira ◽  
Aíris Layanne Ferreira Lira ◽  
Augusto Miguel Nascimento Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Porosity ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
Crop Field ◽  
Fuzzy C Means Clustering ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Sampling Optimization ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract Soil sampling is a fundamental procedure in the decision making regarding the management of the soil, thus, a sampling plan should represent as accurately as possible the evaluated crop field. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to suggest a soil sampling approach and soil sampling point allocation using spatial analyses and compare to the classic statistic method in irrigated mango orchards in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The experiment was carried out in three commercial mango orchards located in the region of the São Francisco Valley, Brazil. Soil samples were collected in 0-0.2 m and 0.2-0.4 m depths following regular grids where the number of samples varied from 50 to 56. Soil texture, soil bulk density, soil total porosity, microporosity, macroporosity, pH, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Al, P, potential acidity, and the sum of basis were evaluated. Classical and geostatistical statistics were used to determine the ideal number of soil samples. Fuzzy c-means clustering technique was used to separate the areas into homogeneous zones and to allocate the sampling points. The wide method of 20 individual soil samples proved to be inefficient. On the other hand, the use of geostatistics proved to be efficient and is required for each crop field. The c-means clustering was adequate to separate the areas into homogeneous zones and, thus, to assist the sampling point allocation.

scholarly journals Organic fertilizer and irrigation in changes the chemical properties of a Fluvent and okra production

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Evandro Franklin de Mesquista ◽  
Lúcia |Helena Garófalo Chaves ◽  
Emanuela Candida Melo ◽  
Lourival Ferreira Cavalcante ◽  
Anailson Sousa Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Semi Arid

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of organic fertilization on changes of chemical properties of a “Neossolo Flúvico Eutrófico” (Fluvent) and okra production, cultivated with and without mulching and irrigation depths. The experiment was installed in the Agroecology sector at Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. The treatments were designed in a randomized blocks using the 2 x 5 x 2 factorial, which  corresponding to two irrigation depths (100 and 50% of the crop evapotranspiration - ETc), five doses of cattle manure to increase the level from 1.8 % to 2.8; 3.8; 4.8 and 5.8%, in soil with and without mulching (plant residues), with four replications, totaling 80 plots with 27 plants per plot. 140 days after planting okra, soil samples were collected at each plot and chemical analyses were performed. The okra production was evaluated based on the number of green fruits and crop yield. The data were submitted to analysis of variance. The application of cattle manures to the soil between 4.8 and 5.8% and irrigation with 100% of crop evapotranspiration - Etc, with and without mulching, was suitable for the cultivation of okra under semi-arid climatic conditions, which provided increases in the chemical attributes of a Fluvent and in the okra production.

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