scholarly journals Analysis of Consumer Demand and Preference for Rabbit Meat in Benin

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Adanguidi
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Consumer Demand ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
High Price ◽  
Plateau Region ◽  
Dietary Diversification ◽  
Rabbit Meat

The demand for rabbit meat exists and would only be satisfied at 50% and the holiday periods often have quite high demands. This demand is growing rapidly as it is increasingly valued by Beninese with modest incomes in search of dietary diversification and limiting cholesterol average. Rabbits are sold at a relatively high price in the Ouémé/Plateau region compared to other regions of the country, due to the higher demand there. Rabbits produced in South Benin are relatively more competitive compared to imported rabbit meat. Consumers of rabbit meat are mainly active civil servants (50% of cases) and low-income individuals. These consumers believe that locally produced rabbit is of very good quality and tastes very good.

scholarly journals KOLABORASI STAKEHOLDER DALAM PENYEDIAAN PERUMAHAN UNTUK MASYARAKAT BERPENGHASILAN RENDAH DI KOTA SALATIGA

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 455 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sunarti ◽  
Nany Yuliastuti ◽  
I Indriastjario
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Stakeholder Analysis ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Housing Development ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
High Price ◽  
Stakeholder Collaboration ◽  
The Government

Land limitations in urban areas have caused low-income communities unable to easily own a house. The high price of land has become the most influential factor in house prices, not including the costs for the facilities and infrastructure construction. Salatiga as a small city in Central Java in providing housing for civil servants has collaborated with all stakeholders. This study aims to form a stakeholder collaboration model in the provision of affordable housing for low-income communities in Salatiga. The research method used is qualitative, which explores data from the informants involved in the construction of housing for civil servants and the analysis technique used was stakeholder analysis and qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the study formulated that stakeholder collaboration in providing housing for civil servants in the Salatiga City consists of three group of stakeholders, namely, key, main and supporting stakeholders. Key stakeholders were the Mayor as the party who recommended the release of the government land assets to the community, Regional House of Representatives of Salatiga as the party who give agrement of disposal assets, and the civil servant housing development coordination team, namely members of KORPRI who coordinate all housing development implementation activities. The main stakeholders were civil servants as prospective homeowners. Supporting stakeholders were developers and local government agencies that provide construction program in the construction of houses, facilities, and infrastructure in the Prajamulia and Prajamukti housing in the Salatiga.

Dampak Insentif Pajak Perumahan Terhadap Potensi Penerimaan Pajak Negara Dan Peningkatan Pendapatan Masyarakat : Kasus Provinsi Papua

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Towaf Totok Irawan
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
High Price ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Primary Input ◽  
State Revenue ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Until now the government and private sector have not been able to address the backlog of 13.5 million housing units for ownership status and 7.6 million units for residential status. The high price of land has led to the high price of the house so that low-income communities (MBR) is not able to reach out to make a home purchase. In addition to the high price of land, tax factors also contribute to the high price of the house. The government plans to issue a policy for the provision of tax incentives, ie abolish VAT on home-forming material transaction. This policy is expected to house prices become cheaper, so the demand for housing increases, and encourage the relevant sectors to intensify its role in the construction of houses. It is expected to replace the lost tax potential and increase incomes. Analysis of the impact of tax incentives housing to potential state revenue and an increase in people's income, especially in Papua province is using the table IO because in addition to looking at the role each sector can also see the impact on taxes (income tax 21 Pph 25 Pph, VAT), and incomes (wage). Although in the short-term impact is still small, but very rewarding in the long run. Keywords: Backlog, Gross Input, Primary Input, Intermediate Input

scholarly journals Therapies Out of Reach: Anticancer Drugs and Global Trade Regimes

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-387
Author(s):  
Dwaipayan Banerjee ◽  
James Sargent
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
High Price ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
Trade Regimes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Policy Analysts ◽  
The Cost ◽  
New Generation

Medical policy analysts and oncologists have cautioned against the high price of anticancer drugs. They argue that the current drug development model that relies on patents and short-term shareholder value is proving unsustainable, since the cost of the new generation of drugs puts many of them out of reach for the average consumer. The high price of cancer drugs is especially troubling in the context of middle- and low-income countries, where the burden of cancer carries disproportionate impact. To analyse the pricing of anticancer drugs, we examined legal controversies, regulatory treaties and documents, as well as the history of pricing data in India. We also conducted interviews with policy consultants and surveyed financial data filings of major global and Indian pharmaceutical corporations. Our research revealed that global trade agreements have become key barriers to lowering anticancer drug prices. This article argues that in the shadow of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and with Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) imminent, serious policy changes are necessary to ensure the survival of generic production in the market for anticancer drugs.

scholarly journals Emerging Frontier of Prehistory and Burning Issues of its Study in Developing Countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Som Prasad Khatiwada
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
High Price ◽  
Great Loss ◽  
National Budget ◽  
Research Journal ◽  
The People ◽  
The One

Many more prehistoric locations and material remains of man’s past are identified from different part of the world from the scholars of developed countries. In the one hand great amount of facilities and resources provided by their governments and related institutions, scholars of developed countries are working continuously in the field of archaeology and prehistory. Besides this the developing countries are struggling for physical development of the country with low amount of resources and they are incapable to allocate national budget for such studies and the scholars and researchers are badly suffered with low income level and high price for livelihood resulting low level of research capabilities. In this context research work on archaeology and prehistory is far away for them and many more prehistoric sites are still hidden under the geological strata of developing countries. There is a great danger of manipulation in data, possibility of forgery like Piltdown forgery and possible damage of megalithic graves for finding antiquities by tomb hunters. Damage of prehistoric sites, tombs and shelters is a great loss for human being not only for related countries, but for the people of the whole world. Therefore, need of collaborative research among the scholars of developed and underdeveloped countries is must for the development of anthropology in global context. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/researcher.v1i1.8375   Researcher: A Research Journal of Culture and Society Vol.1(1) 2013

Price, Scarcity, and Consumer Willingness to Purchase Pirated Media Products

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony D. Miyazaki ◽  
Alexandra Aguirre Rodriguez ◽  
Jeff Langenderfer
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
High Price ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Consumer Decisions ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Willingness To Purchase ◽  
Constraint Effects ◽  
Main Effects

Worldwide purchases of pirated media products continue to rise despite various industry and government efforts to quell their growth. Academic research examining consumer decisions underlying the purchase of pirated media has been limited in its approach by focusing almost exclusively on main-effects relationships and by using noncausal research designs. This article addresses these shortcomings by examining how various factors that consumers may perceive as constraining their ability to purchase genuine products (e.g., high price, stockouts, low income, lack of channel access, government restrictions) lead them to acquire pirated products and to condone such behavior in others. The authors report the results of three studies (two of which are experimental) that test three moderators of the consumption constraint effects using various settings, stimuli, and consumer types. The findings support the hypotheses that factors that may be perceived as limiting consumption can lead to higher piracy-related activity and are moderated by ethical beliefs, interpersonal social influence, and trait psychological reactance. The authors discuss the results in terms of implications for policy makers, managers, and future research opportunities.

Design Exploration of Affordable Refreshable Braille Display Technology for Low-Income Visually Impaired Users

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony S. Walker ◽  
Shraddha Sangelkar
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Tactile Display ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
High Price ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Braille Display

People with visual disability need assistance in reading and writing by converting text to braille. Braille allows tactile display of the information for the visually impaired. Refreshable braille displays are commonly available in developed countries for a high price with the number of cells the display contains being the most influential factor on that price. Low-income blind individuals from developing countries cannot afford an expensive refreshable braille display, which in turn limits their access to digital information. The purpose to this paper is to explore design options for reducing the cost of refreshable braille displays. The paper begins with a summary of currently available refreshable braille displays on the market and their features. Next, the design requirements are explored for developing a low-cost device for visually impaired users in the developing countries. The paper also explains the state-of-the-art technologies for actuating the braille dots that may reduce the cost of the device. Finally, the recommendations for reducing the cost of these displays are presented.

scholarly journals 641 Consumer Demand for Organic Foods

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 558B-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Consumer Demand ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
High Price ◽  
Organic Foods ◽  
Price Premiums ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
Organic Fruit

Sales of organic foods at retail have grown at rates from 20% to 35% in many countries throughout Europe, Asia, and the Americas during the 1990s. Yet market shares of organic foods remain quite small, less than 5%of retail value in all countries throughout the world. As mainstream retail outlets have begun to carry and promote organic foods, lack of availability of organic foods has become less of an impediment to consumer demand. The major impediment to continued growth in organic food demand is high price premiums for organic foods over conventional food counterparts. Some of the highest price premiums at retail are displayed by fresh and frozen vegetables and fruit; premiums as high as 250% for frozen green peas in the United States have been recorded. Indirect evidence in the form willingness-to-pay studies and retail pricing experiments indicate that the majority of consumers will not pay such high price premiums for organic fruit and vegetables. Small market shares at retail tend to corroborate consumers' willingness to pay such high prices. How much prices of organic fruit and vegetables would have to be reduced relative to conventional produce in order to increase market shares of organic produce is not clear.

scholarly journals Appropriate Green Materials for Affordable Building Construction in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 986-991
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
High Price ◽  
North Central ◽  
Green Materials

There are severe issues for the deficiency of affordable house for low-income earners in developing countries such as Nigeria. The high cost of conventional materials has been established to be one the major factors that heightened the cost of building in recent times. However the integration of green building materials that are relevant and sustainable for building construction in the present dispensation will provide excellent solutions to overcome high price of construction. The study was carried out on all the available green materials in north-central Nigeria. Surveyed instrument was prepared and distributed to building professional experts that are registered member of various professional bodies in the building sector. Four hundred questionnaires were distributed in the north-central zone. Three hundred five questionnaires that were filled correctly was used for the data analyses. Analysis of moments (AMOS) software through the structural equation model (SEM) was used to analysis and generated a model for the study. The result discloses that earth bricks, stone/rocks, timber, Bamboo, thatches, straw fibre, and rice husk are very relevant green materials that can be used to achieve affordable building construction. Therefore, the use and integration of green materials in building construction will produce low cost housing units

scholarly journals Inflation experiences of retirees

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-109
Author(s):  
ADRIAAN KALWIJ ◽  
ROBERTUS ALESSIE ◽  
JONATHAN GARDNER ◽  
ASHIK ANWAR ALI
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Relative Price ◽  
High Price ◽  
Price Inflation ◽  
Expenditure Patterns ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Percentage Points

AbstractThe inflation experience of people depends on their expenditure patterns and price developments. This paper identifies groups of retirees that have experienced relatively high price inflation over the last few decades and could thus be considered most vulnerable when income decreases, as has been the case in the Netherlands in recent years. For this we use household budget survey data from 1978 to 2004 supplemented with price information from 1978 to 2012. A methodological contribution to the literature is that an empirical framework based on the theory of consumer demand is used that explicitly makes the link between expenditure patterns and inflation experiences of households. We find that retired couples aged 65–69 have experienced about average inflation over the past few decades. Differences in inflation experiences between households result from relative price increases in goods, such as rent and utilities, on which single, low-income and older households spend relatively more of their budget, and relative price decreases in goods, such as leisure activities (including vacations), on which these households spend relatively less. The estimated differences over the 1978–2012 period in annual inflation experience are about 0.14 percentage points between single and married retirees, 0.06 percentage points between retired couples in the age groups 65–69 and 75–79 and 0.19 percentage points between retirees with low and high expenditures. Although these differences are statistically significant, they could be considered too small to be of economic significance compared with an average household having experienced 2.4% annual inflation.

scholarly journals Ar-Rahnu Scheme Among Low-Income Civil Servants in Malaysian Public Universities

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Anith Farhana Mohd Indra ◽  
Norlida Mahussin ◽  
Kamarulzaman Ismail ◽  
Hasri Mustafa ◽  
Mohd Daud Awang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Civil Servants
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