scholarly journals Microdialysis Sampling of Renal Interstitial Fluid in Acute Studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wael Alanazi ◽  
Selim Fakhruddin ◽  
Keith E. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Minimal Invasive ◽  
Microdialysis Sampling ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Microdialysis Probe ◽  
Site Of Action ◽  
Hemodynamic Function ◽  
Current Report

<p class="1Body">The microdialysis technique has been applied extensively during the last three decades where most of the research has focused primarily on the site of action. The microdialysis probe was developed for collection of interstitial fluid as well as delivering drugs to the target site. In comparison with other methods, the microdialysis technique has delivered more accurate results with minimal invasive procedures. Initially, the microdialysis technique was designed to quantitate dopamine levels in cerebral tissues, which facilitated the applications of this technology as a sampling tool. Presently the microdialysis technique has been applied to various organs such as the heart, kidney, and liver. In the current report, we describe the principle of the microdialysis technique and its application in <em>in-vivo</em> studies. Specifically, the present review provides the adaptation of this method in renal acute studies. However, the rationale for this report is to demonstrate that the microdialysis technique can be used to collect renal interstitial fluid in real time with no effect on the hemodynamic function.</p>

Confocal laser microscopy as novel approach for real-time and in-vivo tissue examination during minimal-invasive surgery in colon cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1811-1817 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Benjamin Ellebrecht ◽  
Christiane Kuempers ◽  
Marco Horn ◽  
Tobias Keck ◽  
Markus Kleemann
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Invasive Surgery ◽  
Minimal Invasive Surgery ◽  
Minimal Invasive ◽  
Confocal Laser Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Laser Microscopy ◽  
Novel Approach

In vivo real-time ethanol vapor detection in the interstitial fluid of a Wistar rat using piezoresistive microcantilevers

2007 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 013901 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Parks Cheney ◽  
A. Wig ◽  
R. H. Farahi ◽  
A. Gehl ◽  
D. L. Hedden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Ethanol Vapor ◽  
Vapor Detection

Effects of Ellagic Acid upon the Rabbit Fibrinolytic System

1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 063-071
Author(s):  
S. G Iatridis ◽  
P. G Iatridis
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Infusion ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Animal Experimentation ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Hageman Factor ◽  
Lysis Activity ◽  
Site Of Action

SummaryThe present investigation deals with in vivo studies of possible relations of active Hageman factor (HFa) to the problems of thrombolysis. The study is based upon animal experimentation in which 40 normal, 5 dicumarolized and 5 heparinized rabbits each received ellagic acid (Elac 10-2 M) by intravenous continuous infusion at a rate of 1 ml/min for a period of 25 min. The data suggest that the Elac infusion induced in vivo activation of HF. Streptokinase (SK) injection 25 min from the start of Elac i. v. infusion failed to induce clot lysis in blood drawn one min after its injection. The phenomenon was more prominent with low (SK 250 U or 500 U) concentrations of SK. With higher concentrations, SK-induced clot lysis activity was not affected by Elac infusion.In dicumarolized and heparinized rabbits Elac infusion still counteracted the fibrinolysis activating effect of low concentration of SK. The possibility that the above described phenomenon was due to either hypercoagulability or to a non-specific inhibitory effect of Elac upon SK was explored and excluded.It is concluded that HFa and SK have the same site of action. Thus it seems that HFa may block the precursor upon which SK acts by forming a complex with it. It is stressed that activation of this precursor by HFa requires a suitable surface.

THYROID STIMULATORS AND THYROID STIMULATION

1971 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 558-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Burke
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory System ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Thyroid Cell ◽  
Primary Control ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Site Of Action ◽  
Long Acting

ABSTRACT A long-acting thyroid stimulator (LATS), distinct from pituitary thyrotrophin (TSH), is found in the serum of some patients with Graves' disease. Despite the marked physico-chemical and immunologic differences between the two stimulators, both in vivo and in vitro studies indicate that LATS and TSH act on the same thyroidal site(s) and that such stimulation does not require penetration of the thyroid cell. Although resorption of colloid and secretion of thyroid hormone are early responses to both TSH and LATS, available evidence reveals no basic metabolic pathway which must be activated by these hormones in order for iodination reactions to occur. Cyclic 3′, 5′-AMP appears to mediate TSH and LATS effects on iodination reactions but the role of this compound in activating thyroidal intermediary metabolism is less clear. Based on the evidence reviewed herein, it is suggested that the primary site of action of thyroid stimulators is at the cell membrane and that beyond the(se) primary control site(s), there exists a multifaceted regulatory system for thyroid hormonogenesis and cell growth.

Voltammetric Detection of Tetrodotoxin Real-Time In Vivo of Mouse Organs using DNA-Immobilized Carbon Nanotube Sensors

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-574
Author(s):  
Huck Jun Hong ◽  
Suw Young Ly
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Takifugu Rubripes ◽  
In Vivo Detection ◽  
Voltammetric Detection

Background: Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a biosynthesized neurotoxin that exhibits powerful anticancer and analgesic abilities by inhibiting voltage-gated sodium channels that are crucial for cancer metastasis and pain delivery. However, for the toxin’s future medical applications to come true, accurate, inexpensive, and real-time in vivo detection of TTX remains as a fundamental step. Methods: In this study, highly purified TTX extracted from organs of Takifugu rubripes was injected and detected in vivo of mouse organs (liver, heart, and intestines) using Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and Square Wave Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (SWASV) for the first time. In vivo detection of TTX was performed with auxiliary, reference, and working herring sperm DNA-immobilized carbon nanotube sensor systems. Results: DNA-immobilization and optimization of amplitude (V), stripping time (sec), increment (mV), and frequency (Hz) parameters for utilized sensors amplified detected peak currents, while highly sensitive in vivo detection limits, 3.43 µg L-1 for CV and 1.21 µg L-1 for SWASV, were attained. Developed sensors herein were confirmed to be more sensitive and selective than conventional graphite rodelectrodes modified likewise. A linear relationship was observed between injected TTX concentration and anodic spike peak height. Microscopic examination displayed coagulation and abnormalities in mouse organs, confirming the powerful neurotoxicity of extracted TTX. Conclusion: These results established the diagnostic measures for TTX detection regarding in vivo application of neurotoxin-deviated anticancer agents and analgesics, as well as TTX from food poisoning and environmental contamination.

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