scholarly journals Flammulina Velutipes (Curt.: Fr.) Singer: An Edible Mushroom in Northern Forest of Iran and its Antagonistic Activity Against Selected Plant Pathogenic Fungi

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Borhani ◽  
Susanna M Badalyan ◽  
Narine N Garibyan ◽  
Saied Ali Mosazadeh ◽  
Esmaeil Yasari
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Flammulina Velutipes ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Northern Forest

scholarly journals Antagonism of Some Aquatic Hyphomycetes against Plant Pathogenic Fungi

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 760-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Sati ◽  
P. Arya
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Aquatic Hyphomycetes ◽  
Colletotrichum Falcatum ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Tilletia Indica

The antagonistic activity of five aquatic hyphomycetes, viz.,Heliscus lugdunensis,Tetrachaetum elegans,Tetracladium breve,T. marchalianum, andT. nainitalense, against seven plant pathogenic fungi was studied using a dual culture technique. Inhibitory activity of tested aquatic hyphomycetes was determined by measuring the radial growth of plant pathogenic fungi on dual culture plates.Tetrachaetum elegansshowed antagonistic activity againstColletotrichum falcatum,Fusarium oxysporum,Pyricularia oryzae,Sclerotium sclerotiorum, andTilletia indicaHeliscus lugdunensisshowed antagonism against only two plant pathogenic fungi,Rhizoctonia solaniandColletotrichum falcatum.Tetracladium breve,T. marchalianum, andT. nainitalenseshowed no response towards tested plant pathogenic fungi.

scholarly journals Disease control efficacy of 32,33-didehydroroflamycoin produced by Streptomyces rectiviolaceus strain DY46 against gray mold of tomato fruit

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong Do Kim ◽  
Min Young Park ◽  
Byeong Jun Jeon ◽  
Beom Seok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Cell Extract ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Conidial Suspension ◽  
Postharvest Diseases ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations

Abstract Despite the efficacy of synthetic fungicides in controlling postharvest diseases, public concerns regarding chemical residues in food and an increase in drug-resistant strains of pathogens have led to a need for new agents to control postharvest diseases. The current study was performed to find control agents of microbial origin that are effective on gray mold of tomato fruits. We recently isolated Streptomyces rectiviolaceus DY46, which has antagonistic activity against various plant pathogenic fungi. The incidence of gray mold of tomato fruits was markedly reduced by 80.0% in tomatoes treated with the cell extract of Streptomyces rectiviolaceus DY46 compared with the control tomatoes. The active ingredient was purified from the cell extract of DY46 and identified to be 32,33-didehydroroflamycoin (DDHR). DDHR displayed MICs (minimal inhibitory concentrations) against the mycelial growth of various plant pathogenic fungi at concentrations of 8–64 mg L−1. The incidence of gray mold in tomato fruits inoculated with conidial suspension (104 conidia mL−1) of Botrytis cinerea was markedly reduced by 88.9% in tomatoes treated with DDHR (100 mg L−1) compared with the control. The DDHR residue in tomato fruit was significantly diminished 2 d after treatment. These results show that DDHR would be relatively safe for use as a postharvest fungicide.

scholarly journals Influence of chitinase production on the antagonistic activity of Trichoderma against plant-pathogenic fungi

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1501-1510
Author(s):  
Y.S. Mazrou ◽  
◽  
A.H. Makhlouf ◽  
M.M. Hassan ◽  
A. Baazeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Its Region ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Trichoderma Strain ◽  
Chitinase Production

Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the antagonistic activity of Trichoderma strains with high chitinase production against some plant pathogenic fungi. Methodology: A total of twenty-four Trichoderma isolates were extracted from soil samples collected at different geographical locations in Egypt and Saudi Arabia. These isolates were screened for their chitinase production ability using colloidal chitin media. Six isolates with high chitinase ability were identified as T. harzianum by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region sequencing. These strains were tested for their ability to degrade chitin into N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase. Finally, the biocontrol activities of these Trichoderma strains against pathogenic fungi were tested by dual culture technique. Results: The maximum activity among the chitinolytic enzymes was 0.051 units ml-1 in Trichoderma strain ABSA19, which showed an activity comparable to the control: pure enzyme, (0.047 units ml-1). The lowest activity (0.014 units ml-1) was found in Trichoderma strain MEG2. In dual culture, Trichoderma strain ABSA19 exerted the highest antagonistic activity in addition to hyphal intertwining and degradation using scanning electron microscopy. Finally, 11 inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) primers were used to evaluate the genetic polymorphism among Trichoderma strains, which yielded 133 bands with fragment sizes of 130-3400 bp, 47 (35.3%) of which were polymorphic. Interpretation: The current study confirms the existence of several useful Trichoderma strains with the highest chitinase activity and antagonistic activity against some pathogenic plant fungi that may have a super potential for application in biological control of plant diseases.

scholarly journals Isolation of a New Mexican Strain ofBacillus subtiliswith Antifungal and Antibacterial Activities

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. L. Basurto-Cadena ◽  
M. Vázquez-Arista ◽  
J. García-Jiménez ◽  
R. Salcedo-Hernández ◽  
D. K. Bideshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
New Mexican ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Although several strains ofB. subtiliswith antifungal activity have been isolated worldwide, to date there are no published reports regarding the isolation of a nativeB. subtilisstrain from strawberry plants in Mexico. A native bacterium (Bacillus subtilis21) demonstratedin vitroantagonistic activity against different plant pathogenic fungi. Under greenhouse conditions, it was shown that plants infected withRhizoctonia solaniandFusarium verticillioidesand treated withB. subtilis21 produced augment in the number of leaves per plant and an increment in the length of healthy leaves in comparison with untreated plants. In addition,B. subtilis21 showed activity against pathogenic bacteria. Secreted proteins byB. subtilis21 were studied, detecting the presence of proteases and bacteriocin-like inhibitor substances that could be implicated in its antagonistic activity. Chitinases and zwittermicin production could not be detected. Then,B. subtilis21 could potentially be used to control phytopathogenic fungi that infect strawberry plants.

Fungal Phytotoxins in Sustainable Weed Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Vurro ◽  
Angela Boari ◽  
Francesca Casella ◽  
Maria Chiara Zonno
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Disease Etiology ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Toxic Metabolites

Fungal phytotoxins are natural secondary metabolites produced by plant pathogenic fungi during host–pathogen interactions. They have received considerable particular attention for elucidating disease etiology, and consequently to design strategies for disease control. Due to wide differences in their chemical structures, these toxic metabolites have different ecological and environmental roles and mechanisms of action. This review aims at summarizing the studies on the possible use of these metabolites as tools in biological and integrated weed management, e.g. as: novel and environmentally friendly herbicides; lead for novel compounds; sources of novel mechanisms of action. Moreover, the limiting factors for utilizing those metabolites in practice will also be briefly discussed.

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