scholarly journals Changes in Body Mass Index Among Antiretroviral Therapy Naïve People Living with HIV in Southeastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
John O. Olawepo ◽  
Jennifer R. Pharr ◽  
Chad L. Cross ◽  
Babayemi O. Olakunde ◽  
Chinedu Aniekwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Baseline Bmi

The proportion of people living with HIV (PLHIV) who are overweight or obese is rising, leading to a double epidemic of HIV and obesity. The purpose of this retrospective longitudinal study was to examine changes in body mass index (BMI) among PLHIV who were new to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in two states in Southeastern Nigeria. The BMI at baseline and 12 months were compared and the difference in proportions in each BMI category was tested. The association between the BMI at 12 months and the demographic and/or clinical variables was examined using multiway analysis of covariance. The study included 2,146 participants. After 12 months on ART, the number of participants who were obese increased by 135% (81 to 190), while those who were underweight decreased by 130% (306 to 133). Overall, the BMI increased in 30.2% of the participants. Further analysis showed that age (p=.009; η2=.005), baseline BMI (p<.001; η2=.435), baseline regimen (p<.001; η2=.031), HIV stage (p=.039; η2=.007) and CD4 category (p<.001; η2=.012) were all associated with increased BMI after 12 months of ART. Healthcare providers should be mindful of the likelihood of excess weight gain among PLHIV who are on ART and develop a plan to proactively address it.

scholarly journals 335. Antiretroviral Therapy Anchor-based Trends in Body Mass Index following Treatment Initiation among Military Personnel with HIV

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S177-S178 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Kline ◽  
Colton Daniels ◽  
Xiaohe Xu ◽  
Thankam Sunil ◽  
Anuradha Ganesan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Art Initiation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Baseline Bmi

Abstract Background Weight gain and obesity in people living with HIV have been associated with increased risk for non-AIDS-related comorbidities, and integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)-based regimens may lead to comparatively more weight gain than other regimens. We evaluated body mass index (BMI) following antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation among participants in the US Military HIV Natural History Study (NHS). Methods Of 961 NHS participants started on initial ART between 2006–2017, 496 men who had available baseline BMI data and were virally suppressed (< 200 c/mL) at 1 and 2 years of follow-up were included (Tables 1 and 2). ART was categorized by anchor class to include INSTIs, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and protease inhibitors (PIs). Linear growth-curve modeling was used to predict BMI changes from ART initiation through 2 years of follow-up in participants stratified by baseline BMI (< 25 vs. ≥25 kg/m2) at ART start and anchor drug class. Demographic and HIV-related characteristics were analyzed as independent variables. Results Overall, the predicted BMI increased over 2 years regardless of baseline BMI (Table 3). There was a trend toward decreased BMI on ART for those with BMI ≥ 25 treated with a non-INSTI regimen (−0.63, P = 0.079). In participants with BMI < 25, all regimens were associated with overall gains in BMI except for those with high viral load (>100,000 c/mL) started on PI regimens (−1.61, P = 0.013). For those with BMI ≥ 25, only INSTI- and PI-based regimens were significantly associated with increased BMI (INSTI 0.54, P = 0.000; NNRTI 0.11, P = 0.174; PI 0.39, P = 0.006). Observed BMI increases for INSTI and PI regimens were also associated with increased time from HIV diagnosis to ART initiation (INSTI 0.35, P = 0.003; PI 0.44, P = 0.037). African Americans with BMI ≥ 25 on INSTIs had the greatest predicted gains in BMI (1.84, P = 0.007). Conclusion In our cohort of young military members with HIV infection, those with baseline BMI < 25 experienced BMI gains across all ART classes. Among those with baseline BMI ≥ 25, African Americans on INSTI regimens had the greatest BMI gains. Further studies are needed to determine whether NNRTI regimens should be considered in certain individuals at risk for INSTI-associated weight gain. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals HIV Status and Antiretroviral Therapy as Predictors of Disability among Older South Africans: Overall Association and Moderation by Body Mass Index

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1335-1344
Author(s):  
Stephen B. Asiimwe ◽  
Livia Montana ◽  
Kathleen Kahn ◽  
Stephen M. Tollman ◽  
Chodziwadziwa W. Kabudula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Living With Hiv

Objectives: Among older people living with HIV (PLWH) and comparable individuals without HIV, we evaluated whether associations of HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART) with disability depend on body mass index (BMI). Methods: We analyzed 4552 participants in the “Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa.” (HAALSI) We compared prevalence of disability (≥1 impairment in basic activities of daily living) by HIV status, ART use, and BMI category, adjusting for age, sex, education, father’s occupation, country of origin, lifetime alcohol use, and primary health-care utilization. Results: Among PLWH, those underweight had 9.8% points (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2 to 18.4) higher prevalence of disability than those with normal BMI. Among ART users, those underweight had 11.9% points (95% CI: 2.2 to 21.6) higher prevalence of disability than those with normal BMI. Conclusions: We found no evidence that weight improvement associated with ART use is likely to increase disability.

Obesity in the HIV-infected population in Northeast England: a particular issue in Black-African women

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Ilozue ◽  
B Howe ◽  
S Shaw ◽  
K Haigh ◽  
J Hussey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Local Population ◽  
African Women ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Black African ◽  
Regional Population ◽  
Living With Hiv

People living with HIV are surviving longer on successful antiretroviral therapy and obesity rates are increasing. We sought to determine the prevalence of being overweight or obese in a regional population of people living with HIV and to explore the demographic and clinical characteristics associated with obesity or being overweight. Data on patients attending three Northeast England clinics were collected including body mass index and demographics. The prevalence of being overweight (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2) or obese (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2) was determined and compared with regional population data. Associations between being overweight or obese and demographic and other data were further explored using logistic regression models. In 560 patients studied (median age 45 years, 26% Black-African and 69% male), 65% were overweight/obese and 26% obese, which is similar to the local population. However, 83% and 48% of Black-African women were overweight/obese or obese, respectively, with 11% being morbidly obese (body mass index > 40 kg/m2). In the multivariate analyses, the only factors significantly associated with obesity were Black-African race (adjusted odds ratio 2.78, 95% confidence interval 1.60–4.85) and type 2 diabetes (adjusted odds ratio 4.23, 95% confidence interval 1.81–9.91). Levels of obesity and overweight in people living with HIV are now comparable to the levels in the local population of Northeast England; however, the prevalence is significantly higher in Black-African women. Given the additional risk factors for cardiovascular disease inherent in people living with HIV, better strategies to prevent, identify and manage obesity in this population are needed.

Influence of nutritional status and gastrointestinal symptoms on sleep quality in people living with HIV

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 885-890
Author(s):  
Luciana Fidalgo Ramos Nogueira ◽  
Thais Carvalho da Fonseca ◽  
Patrick Herman Paterlini ◽  
Adriana de Sousa Duarte ◽  
Pollyanna Pellegrino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Sleep problems are frequent among people living with HIV (PLWH). Recent studies have found that inadequate nutritional status and presence of gastrointestinal symptoms are associated with sleep problems. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of nutritional status and gastrointestinal symptoms on sleep quality in PLWH receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). A cross-sectional study evaluating the influence of nutritional and gastrointestinal aspects on the quality of sleep in 307 PLWH (age ≥18 years) receiving ART seen at the Specialized Care Service of Santos (SP, Brazil) was carried out. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), body mass index and three questions from the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) were used. Generalized linear models adjusted for gender, age, time in use of antiretrovirals, viral load, CD4+ T-lymphocyte cell count and CD4/CD8 ratio were built. Results showed that body mass index did not affect sleep quality. However, the interaction between poor appetite and not having poor digestion and uncomfortable feelings in the stomach negatively influenced sleep quality. The interaction of the three symptoms evaluated also affected sleep quality. Gastrointestinal symptoms were associated with reduced sleep quality, but there was no influence of BMI. Although the etiology of this relationship is unclear, there seems to be an important association between sleep quality, immune function and gastrointestinal disorders.

scholarly journals DISCORDANCE BETWEEN BODY MASS INDEX AND ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS AMONG HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS ON ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY AND WITH LIPOATROPHY/LIPOHYPERTROPHY SYNDROME

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lismeia Raimundo SOARES ◽  
Daniela Cardeal da SILVA ◽  
Claudio R. GONSALEZ ◽  
Felipe G. BATISTA ◽  
Luiz Augusto M. FONSECA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction: Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) has improved and extended the lives of thousands of people living with HIV/AIDS around the world. However, this treatment can lead to the development of adverse reactions such as lipoatrophy/lipohypertrophy syndrome (LLS) and its associated risks. Objective: This study was designed to assess the prevalence of self-reported lipodystrophy and nutritional status by anthropometric measurements in patients with HIV/AIDS. Methods: An observational study of 227 adult patients in the Secondary Immunodeficiencies Outpatient Department of Dermatology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (3002 ADEE-HCFMUSP). The sample was divided into three groups; Group 1 = 92 patients on HAART and with self-reported lipodystrophy, Group 2 = 70 patients on HAART without self-reported lipodystrophy and Group 3 = 65 patients not taking HAART. The nutritional status of individuals in the study sample was determined by body mass index (BMI) and percentage of body fat (% BF). The cardiovascular risk and diseases associated with abdominal obesity were determined by waist/hip ratio (WHR) and waist circumference (WC). Results: The prevalence of self-reported lipoatrophy/lipohypertrophy syndrome was 33% among women and 59% among men. Anthropometry showed depletion of fat mass in the evaluation of the triceps (TSF) in the treatment groups with HAART and was statistically independent of gender; for men p = 0.001, and for women p = 0.007. Similar results were found in the measurement of skin folds of the upper and lower body (p = 0.001 and p = 0.003 respectively). In assessing the nutritional status of groups by BMI and % BF, excess weight and body fat were more prevalent among women compared to men (p = 0.726). The WHR and WC revealed risks for cardiovascular and other diseases associated with abdominal obesity for women on HAART and with self-reported LLS (p = 0.005) and (p = 0.011). Conclusions: Anthropometric measurements were useful in the confirmation of the prevalence of LLS. BMI alone does not appear to be a good parameter for assessing the nutritional status of HIV-infected patients on HAART and with LLS. Other anthropometric measurements are needed to evaluate patients with the lipoatrophy/lipohypertrophy syndrome.

scholarly journals The effects of nutritional supplementation on body mass index and CD4 count among adult people living with HIV AIDS on antiretroviral treatment in Conakry, Guinea

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidikiba Sidibé ◽  
Alexandre Delamou ◽  
Mohamed Lamine Kaba ◽  
Aboubacar Sidiki Magassouba ◽  
Amara Tabaouo Samake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Nutritional Supplementation ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Average Current ◽  
Nutrition Assistance ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Living With Hiv

Whereas the HIV prevalence in Guinea is among the lowest in Africa, many PLHIV in Guinea are malnourished. This study assessed the effect of a nutritional supplementation program on body mass index and CD4 count among adult PLHIV on ART. Study participants were PLHIV who came for consultation in the study sites between May and July 2016. The data came from two sources: retrospectively from participants’ medical records and interviews at the time of recruitment into the study. About six months before they were recruited into the study, some of the PLHIV started to receive a monthly nutritional supplementation consisting of Corn-Soy Blend and oil. Analytic methods included bivariate and multivariable methods. The intervention increased the mean BMI by 7.4% and the average current CD4 count by 4.7% compared to nonintervention (P<0.001). Programs in low resource settings should consider nutrition assistance as part of a comprehensive strategy to ensure optimal metabolic and immunological functions among PLHIV.

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