scholarly journals Implementation and Evaluation of a Communication Strategy to Control Ragweed Pollen

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Celine Plante ◽  
Audrey Smargiassi ◽  
Francine Hubert ◽  
Sophie Goudreau
Keyword(s):  
Fold Increase ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Ragweed Pollen ◽  
Communication Intervention ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
The Common

The common ragweed (<em>Ambrosia artemisiifolia</em>) is widespread in southwestern areas of Quebec, Canada. It is known to release large quantities of pollen from July through September, triggering allergic reactions such as rhinitis and generating significant costs for public health. The objective of this study was to implement and evaluate a communication intervention aimed at decreasing ragweed pollen. Selected lands with potential ragweed presence were visited twice, before and after the intervention, on three seasons in the East of the Montreal Island, Quebec. At the first visit done in 2010, 2011, and 2012, ragweed plots were located and measured; at the second visit in 2012, the measures were redone. Various numbers of communications were sent to owners of ragweed-infested lands that included explanations of health impacts of ragweed pollen and the importance of mowing. Mixed logistic regressions were used to test the effect of the number of communications on the mow. In the group that received four notices, a statistically significant three-fold increase in the proportion of land owners that had cut ragweed plots (OR = 3.20; 95 %CI: 1.16-8.84) was noted, compared to the group that received only one notice. For owners of vacant lands, the effect was somewhat more pronounced (OR = 3.82; 95%CI: 1.23-11.67). Nonetheless, the change from one to three communications showed no increase of mowing. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that communications and reminders of the importance of ragweed cut to landowners could be an effective measure to limit ragweed pollen.

Advantages of Complementary Stereo Images as Viewed with the Low-Temperature Field-Emission SEM

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1314-1315
Author(s):  
William P. Wergin ◽  
Eric F. Erbe
Keyword(s):  
Fold Increase ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Stereo Image ◽  
Stereo Pair ◽  
Sem Micrograph ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Pair Analysis

The eye-brain complex allows those of us with normal vision to perceive and evaluate our surroundings in three-dimensions (3-D). The principle factor that makes this possible is parallax - the horizontal displacement of objects that results from the independent views that the left and right eyes detect and simultaneously transmit to the brain for superimposition. The common SEM micrograph is a 2-D representation of a 3-D specimen. Depriving the brain of the 3-D view can lead to erroneous conclusions about the relative sizes, positions and convergence of structures within a specimen. In addition, Walter has suggested that the stereo image contains information equivalent to a two-fold increase in magnification over that found in a 2-D image. Because of these factors, stereo pair analysis should be routinely employed when studying specimens.Imaging complementary faces of a fractured specimen is a second method by which the topography of a specimen can be more accurately evaluated.

scholarly journals A preliminary study on diabetes self-management education and glycemic control among patients with diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kisokanth G. ◽  
Indrakumar J. ◽  
Prathapan S. ◽  
Joseph J. ◽  
Ilankoon I.M.P.S.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Preliminary Study

This study was aimed to assess the effectiveness of diabetes self-management education (DSME) in the improvement of glycemic control among patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Batticaloa District, Sri Lanka. The study was a prospective interventional study and conducted as a preliminary study at medical clinic, Base hospital, Kaluwanchikudy, Batticaloa. Thirty patients with T2DM were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. A structured individual diabetes self-management education for 10 hours (one hour per week) was delivered to diabetic patients by the trained Nurse Health Educator. Glycosylate hemoglobin (HbA1c) was assessed as a main outcome measure and Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Body Mass Index (BMI) of each patient were also measured and recorded before and after the intervention. The respondent rate was 96.7% (n = 29). Majority of them were females (n = 25, 86.2%). A Wilcoxon signed rank test showed that DSME had a statistically significant reduction in HbA1c [8.60 (IQR 2.60) vs. 7.40 (IQR 2.10), p = .000] and FBS level [159.00 (IQR 77.50) vs. 134.00 (IQR 40.50), p = .002] at 3 months of intervention. The mean BMI at baseline was higher compared to 3 months of intervention [24.88 (SD ± 3.06) vs. 24.19 (SD ± 2.79)] which was statistically significant (p = .000). Majority of participants (n = 22, 75.9%) had improved their HbA1c level by ≥ 0.5% in 3 months. The diabetes self-management education is an effective measure in improving glycemic control and other clinical parameters among patients with T2DM. Thus, DSME needs to be implemented among clinic patients with T2DM for the better outcome and the preventions of complications.

Errors in Force Generation and Changes in Controlling Patterns Following Agonist Muscle Fatigue

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ming Huang ◽  
Ya-Ju Chang ◽  
Miao-Ju Hsu ◽  
Chia-Ling Chen ◽  
Chia-Ying Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Constant Error ◽  
Antagonist Muscle ◽  
Activation Level ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Agonist And Antagonist ◽  
Common Drive ◽  
The Common ◽  
Possible Cause ◽  
Related Increase

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether agonist muscle fatigue changed the coactivation time and the co-contraction magnitude of the agonist and antagonist muscle, and if the agonist muscle fatigue produced bias (constant error: CE) and inconsistency (variable error: VE) of the force. Subjects are 10 healthy people and one person with impaired proprioception. EMG and force for fast (0.19 ± 0.06 s) and slow (1.20 ± 0.44 s) targeted isometric dorsiflexions were recorded before and after fatigue of the dorsiflexors. The results revealed that the coactivation time increased after fatigue only in the slow contractions but the co-contraction magnitude did not change. The postfatigue increment of the CE was greater in the fast contractions than in the slow ones. We conclude that the postfatigue compensatory strategy can reduce the fatigue-induced bias. The change of muscles activation level after fatigue might be under the influence of the common drive. Impaired proprioception is a possible cause of the fatigue-related increase in bias and inconsistency.

scholarly journals Patient and Therapist In-Session Cortisol as Predictor of Post-Session Patient Reported Affect

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1483
Author(s):  
Eyal Levi ◽  
Susanne Fischer ◽  
Hadar Fisher ◽  
Roee Admon ◽  
Sigal Zilcha-Mano
Keyword(s):  
Positive Affect ◽  
Stress Hormone ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Retrospective Reports ◽  
The Social ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Common ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

The importance of the role of affect in psychotherapy for major depressive disorder (MDD) is well established, but the common use of self-reported measures may limit our understanding of its underlying mechanisms. A promising predictor of patient affect is the stress hormone cortisol. To date, no studies have studied in-session changes in cortisol in psychotherapy for MDD. We investigated whether an increase in patient cortisol over the course of a session correlated with higher negative and lower positive affect. Given previous findings on healthy individuals on the contagious nature of stress, an additional aim was to examine whether these relationships are moderated by therapist cortisol. To this end, 40 dyads (including 6 therapists) provided saliva samples before and after four pre-specified sessions (616 samples). After each session, the patients provided retrospective reports of in-session affect. We found no association between patient cortisol and affect. However, increases in patient cortisol predicted negative affect when the therapists exhibited decreases in cortisol, and increases in patient cortisol predicted positive affect when the therapists showed increases. Our study provides initial evidence for the importance of the social context in the cortisol–affect relationship in MDD.

scholarly journals Mosca-Branca, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) em feijoeiro: Características gerais, bioecologia e métodos de controle

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-08
Author(s):  
Anderson Gonçalves da Silva ◽  
Arlindo Leal Boiça Junior ◽  
Bruno Henrique Sardinha de Souza ◽  
Eduardo Neves Costa ◽  
James da Silva Hoelhert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
De Se ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Common

Resumo. A cultura do feijoeiro pode ser infestada por insetos que afetam a produção antes e após a colheita, tendo como estimativa de perdas causadas nos rendimentos pelas pragas variando de 33 a 86%. Dentre essas pragas a mosca-branca Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) Autor merece destaque. Esta ocasiona danos diretos decorrentes de sua alimentação e indiretos que ocorrem por meio da excreção açucarada de honeydew ou “mela” e simbiose com a fumagina. No entanto, o dano mais sério causado pela B. tabaci é a transmissão de viroses como o mosaico-dourado-do-feijoeiro, provocando perdas econômicas que podem variar de 30% a 100%. Desse modo, o objetivo do presente estudo é disponibilizar informações a respeito de aspectos importantes de B. tabaci, como: histórico e distribuição geográfica, bioecologia e dinâmica populacional, plantas hospedeiras, métodos de controle adotados, dentre outros, a fim de se fornecer subsídios para futuras pesquisas sobre a mosca-branca em feijão.Whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in common beans: General characteristics, bioecology, and methods of controlAbstract. Common bean plants are infested by insects, which can ultimately affect the crop production before and after harvest, with estimated losses ranging from 33 to 86%. Among the insect pests infesting the common beans the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) stands out. This species cause direct injury by feeding on the plants and indirect injury by excreting sugary honeydew that is after colonized by the sooty mold. In addition, the most serious damage caused by B. tabaci is the transmission of virus diseases, especially the common bean golden mosaic, responsible for economic losses varying from 30 to 100%. This review aims at providing information on important aspects of B. tabaci including its geographical distribution, bioecology, population dynamics, host plants, and methods of pest control. We expect that this review can provide valuable subsidies for future studies on the whitefly in common beans.

scholarly journals Impact of earthquake-triggered landslides on catchment sediment yield

2015 ◽  
Vol 367 ◽  
pp. 291-296
Author(s):  
M. Vanmaercke ◽  
F. Obreja ◽  
J. Poesen
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Seismic Activity ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sediment Export

Abstract. This study explores the role of seismic activity in explaining spatial and temporal variation in sediment export from the Siret basin in Romania. Based on long-term (>30 years) sediment export measurements for 38 subcatchments, we found that spatial variation in sediment yield (SY) is strongly correlated to the degree of seismic activity and catchment lithology. Combined, these factors explain 80% of the variation in SY. To investigate the role of earthquake-triggered landslides in explaining these correlations, we studied the temporal variability in sediment concentrations before and after the 7.4 Mw earthquake of 1977 for ten subcatchments. Despite the fact that this earthquake triggered many landslides, only one subcatchment showed a clear (3-fold) increase in sediment concentration per unit discharge after the earthquake. This shows that, although prolonged seismic activity strongly controls average SY, individual earthquakes do not necessarily affect sediment export at short timescales.

scholarly journals Identyfikacja sposobów implementacji II filaru WPR w krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej

2018 ◽  
pp. 109-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Pawłowski ◽  
Wawrzyniec Czubak
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Time Range ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Rural Development Program ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact

The 2nd pillar of the Common Agricultural Policy plays a very significant role in shaping the image of a modern, European village. It’s impact on the development of agriculture and rural areas seems to be obvious, for example because of the place it occupies in the structure of the European Union budget. However, it’s very important to precisely determine the effects of its implementation. Therefore, in this article the main goal was to show the reasons for diversifying the implementation of the Rural Development Program 2007–2013 in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Against the background of differences in the economic and production situation of the agricultural sector, the design of the Programs was evaluated and it’s impact on changes in the agricultural sectors of these countries was compared. To show the impact of the funds of the second pillar of the CAP, the time range presenting changes in agriculture covers the years before and after integration. Based on them, a comparison of the implemented activities and the structure of their financing has been made.

scholarly journals Evaluation of The Role and Position of Dispute Resolution Councils In Iran's Criminal Policy In Comparison with Similar Institutions In The French Judiciary

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-258
Author(s):  
Hassan Vahedi ◽  
Abdolvahid Zahedi ◽  
Firooz Mahmoudi Janaki
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Criminal Justice Policy ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
The People ◽  
The Common

The Dispute Resolution Council was established as a public institution in the last few decades to reduce the number of cases sent to the judiciary in Iran and strengthen public participation and increase the role of the people in criminal justice policy. Although the activities of this institution in recent years have led to a decrease in the number of cases sent to judicial institutions, but its public aspect was not fulfilled as intended. In addition, the law of this council has many contradictions with the constitution with limitations and problems in the legal and structural field that have affected its functions. However, the role of the people is significant in similar institutions in the legal system of the Common Law and France, while strengthening the participatory aspect. This issue has been an effective measure in strengthening participatory criminal policy in these countries. The purpose of this research was to investigate the criminal policy of the Dispute Resolution Council and similar institutions in France.Keywords: Dispute Resolution Council, French Law, Iranian Criminal Justice Policy Evaluasi Peran dan Kedudukan Dewan Penyelesaian Sengketa Dalam Kebijakan Pidana Iran Dibandingkan dengan Institusi Serupa di Peradilan Prancis AbstrakDewan Penyelesaian Sengketa didirikan sebagai lembaga publik dalam beberapa dekade terakhir untuk mengurangi jumlah kasus yang dikirim ke peradilan di Iran dan memperkuat partisipasi publik dan meningkatkan peran masyarakat dalam kebijakan peradilan pidana. Meskipun kegiatan lembaga ini dalam beberapa tahun terakhir telah menyebabkan penurunan jumlah kasus yang dikirim ke lembaga peradilan, tetapi aspek publiknya tidak terpenuhi sebagaimana dimaksud. Selain itu, undang-undang dewan ini memiliki banyak kontradiksi dengan konstitusi dengan keterbatasan dan masalah di bidang hukum dan struktural yang mempengaruhi fungsinya. Namun, peran masyarakat cukup signifikan dalam lembaga sejenis dalam sistem hukum Common Law dan Perancis, sekaligus memperkuat aspek partisipatif. Isu ini telah menjadi langkah yang efektif dalam memperkuat kebijakan kriminal partisipatif di negara-negara tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kebijakan kriminal dari Dispute Resolution Council dan lembaga sejenis di Perancis.Kata Kunci: Dewan Penyelesaian Sengketa, Hukum Prancis, Kebijakan Peradilan Pidana Iran Оценка роли и позиции советов по решению спорных вопросов В уголовной политике ирана по сравнению с аналогичными учреждениями во французской судебной системе  АннотацияСовет по решению спорных вопросов был создан как государственное учреждение в последние десятилетия для сокращения количества дел, передаваемых в судебные органы в Иране, и расширения участия общественности и повышения роли общественности в политике уголовного правосудия. Хотя деятельность этого учреждения в последние годы привела к уменьшению количества дел, направляемых в судебные органы, общественный аспект не выполняется должным образом. Кроме того, закон этого совета имеет много противоречий с конституцией с ограничениями и проблемами в правовой и структурной областях, которые влияют на его функционирование. Тем не менее, роль сообщества весьма значительна в аналогичных учреждениях в системе общего права и правовой системы Франции, а также в усилении аспекта участия. Этот вопрос стал эффективным шагом в укреплении совместной уголовной политики в этих странах. Целью данного исследования является определение уголовной политики Совета по разрешению спорных вопросов и аналогичных учреждений во Франции.Ключевые Слова: Совет по решению спорных вопросов, Французское право, политика в области уголовного правосудия в Иране 

scholarly journals PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF VENOUS THROMBOSIS AND THROMBOEMBOLISM IN SURGICAL TREATMENT PELVIC NEOPLASMS

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
A. V. Chikin
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Pelvic Neoplasms ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Before And After

Summary. Venous thromboembolic complications — a collective concept that combines thrombosis of the saphenous and deep veins, as well as pulmonary thromboembolism. In the clinical practice of a doctor of any specialty, especially surgical, the possibility of timely diagnosis, treatment and preventive measures for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism are extremely important. Purpose. To study the most informative measures for the prevention and treatment of venous thrombosis and thromboembolism in the surgical treatment of pelvic neoplasms. Materials and methods. The analysis of the results of the examination and treatment of 112 patients observed for tumors of the pelvic organs and tumors of the retroperitoneal space is presented. Results and discussion. When studying the initial state of the hemostasis system in 48 patients, a significant shortening of activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), a 1.5-fold increase in the concentration of fibrinogen, which indicates activation of the procoagulant link, as well as an increase in platelet aggregation by 20.0 %, were established. Studies of the hemostatic system showed that surgical interventions and injuries contribute to increased hypercoagulation. Conclusions. The most informative methods for determining thrombosis in the system of the inferior vena cava and the optimal examination algorithm are: ultrasonic dynamic angioscanning, determination of the amount of D-dimer, computer, magnetic resonance bolus venography and retrograde ileocavagography. The use of unfractionated and low molecular weight heparins effectively prevents the development of thrombosis and thromboembolism before and after surgery and does not cause bleeding. Nonspecific and specific prophylaxis of venous thrombosis and embolism allowed a 2.8-fold reduction in their number in patients of the main group.

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