scholarly journals Synthetic Pyrethroids Pesticide Residues in Soils and Drinking Water Sources from Cocoa Farms in Ghana

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedicta Y. Fosu-Mensah ◽  
Elvis D. Okoffo ◽  
Michael Mensah
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Synthetic Pyrethroids ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Cocoa Farm ◽  
Soil And Water

The contamination of pesticides in 32 soils and 64 drinking water samples was investigated from cocoa farms in the Dormaa West District of Ghana to assess pollution status. A total of nine synthetic pyrethroids pesticides were measured with a high resolution Varian CP-3800 Gas Chromatograph equipped with <sup>63</sup>Ni electron capture detector (ECD). Eight synthetic pyrethroid residues namely fenvalerate, deltamethrin, cypermethrin, bifenthrin, permethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, allethrin and cyfluthrin were detected with lambda-cyhalothrin and allethrin occurring most frequently in soil and water respectively. The concentrations of synthetic pyrethroids residues in the soil samples were in the ranges of; 0.02-0.03 mg/kg for lambda-cyhalothrin, 0.010-0.02 mg/kg for allethrin, 0.010-0.04 mg/kg for cyfluthrin, &lt;0.01-0.04 mg/kg for cypermethrin, 0.02-0.06 mg/kg for deltamethrin, and &lt;0.01-0.03 mg/kg for bifenthrin. Similarly, the synthetic pyrethroids residues in the water samples were in the ranges of; 0.01-0.05 µg/L for allethrin, 0.01-0.04 µg/L for fenvalerate, 0.01-0.04 µg/L for cypermethrin and 0.01-0.05 µg/L for deltamethrin. The concentrations of synthetic pyrethroids pesticide residues recorded in the soil samples analysed were generally below and within their respective US MRLs for agricultural soils, except the mean concentration values recorded for pesticides such as lambda-cyhalothrin at Diabaa (S2) and Krakrom (S3), allethrin at Diabaa (S2) and deltamethrin at Kwakuanya (S4), which were above their respective US MRLs for agricultural soils. The trends of synthetic pyrethroids pesticide residues in the water samples analysed from the various distances to cocoa farms decreased with an increase of water source to cocoa farm (ranking; 0-15m&gt;16-30m&gt;above 30m). All synthetic pyrethroids pesticide residues recorded in the water samples were below and within their respective WHO MRLs for drinking water except for deltamethrin, which exceeded the WHO MRL at Kwakuanya (S4) at distance 0-15m from a cocoa farm. The presence of synthetic pyrethroids residues in the soil and water samples analysed is an indication of the use of the pesticide by cocoa farmers in the study area. The routine monitoring of pesticide residues in the study area is necessary for the control and reduction of environmental pollution.

scholarly journals NIVEAU DE CONTAMINATION DUNE EAU DE SURFACE PAR LES PRODUITS PHYTOSANITAIRES: CAS DE LA RETENUE DEAU DU BASSIN VERSANT DE LA LOBO(CENTRE-OUEST DE LA COTE DIVOIRE)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
Diarra Moussa ◽  
◽  
Leonce David Kouadio ◽  
Soro Donafologo Baba ◽  
Roland NGuettia Kossonou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
The State ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
International Standard ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Bassin Versant ◽  
Phytosanitary Products

The Lobo is the source of drinking water for SODECI in the department of Daloa. The strong agricultural activity around it can lead to the dissipation of phytosanitary products into the environment. However, the transfer of pesticide residues from agricultural plots to this aquatic environment is little studied or even non-existent. The objective of this work is to determine the state of contamination of the Lobo River by phytosanitary products. The HPLC assays were carried out on water samples taken at the exit of the agricultural plots (upstream) and in the Lobo (downstream). These analyzes revealed the presence of residues of pesticides such as glyphosate, mancozeb 2,4-D and lambda-cyhalothrin at various concentrations. Indeed, at the exit of the agricultural plots (upstream) and in the Lobo (downstream), the average concentrations detected were respectively 0.89µg / L to 0.35 µg / L for glyphosate, 0.81µg / L at 0.38 µg / L for mancozeb, 0.5 µg / L at 0.39 µg / L for 2,4-D, and 0.06 µg / L at 0.02 µg / L for lambda-cyhalothrin. However, these values are higher than the international standard (WHO) which is 0.1µg / L at the exit of the plantations and in the waters of the Lobo except the values ​​of 2,4-D.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical quality of drinking water in the Njoro sub-county in Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-507
Author(s):  
Philip Ruciaka Kirianki ◽  
Edward Muchiri ◽  
Natasha Potgieter
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Water Source ◽  
World Health ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Storage Container ◽  
Standard Assessment ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Njoro sub-county in Kenya suffers from constant water shortages causing the residents to rely on both improved and unimproved water sources in the area. The households in the sub-county also use different household storage containers to store drinking water in times when water is not readily available. This study was therefore undertaken to assess selective physico-chemical parameters of water used by the population for drinking purposes using standard assessment methods. A total of 372 water source samples and 162 storage container water samples were tested over a period of three months. Turbidity (0.70–273.85 NTU), iron (0.7–2.10 mg/L), fluoride (0.15–4.01 mg/L), manganese (0.01–0.37 mg/L), and nitrate (0.09–27.90 mg/L) levels in water samples were generally higher than the Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) and/or the World Health Organization (WHO) water quality recommendations for safe drinkable water. The results from this study support the need for continuous monitoring and treating drinking water at the points of collection and of consumption to minimize the long-term health effects on communities consuming this water.

scholarly journals Diversity ofLeptospiraspp. in Rats and Environment from Urban Areas of Sarawak, Malaysia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chai Fung Pui ◽  
Lesley Maurice Bilung ◽  
Kasing Apun ◽  
Lela Su’ut
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Soil And Water

Various prevalence studies onLeptospirain animals and humans, as well as environmental samples, had been conducted worldwide, including Malaysia. However, limited studies have been documented on the presence of pathogenic, intermediate, and saprophyticLeptospirain selected animals and environments. This study was therefore conducted to detectLeptospiraspp. in rats, soil, and water from urban areas of Sarawak using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. A total of 107 rats, 292 soil samples, and 324 water samples were collected from April 2014 to February 2015. PathogenicLeptospirawas present in 5.6% (6/107) of rats, 11.6% (34/292) of soil samples, and 1.9% (6/324) of water samples. IntermediateLeptospirawas present in 2.7% (8/292) of soil samples and 1.9% (6/324) of water samples. SaprophyticLeptospirawas present in 10.3% (11/107) of rats, 1.4% (4/292) of soil samples, and 0.3% (1/324) of water samples. From this study, 76Leptospiraspp. were isolated. Based on DNA sequencing, the dominantLeptospiraspp. circulating in urban areas of Sarawak are pathogenicLeptospira noguchii, intermediateLeptospira wolffiiserovar Khorat, and saprophyticLeptospira meyeri, respectively. Overall, this study provided important surveillance data on the prevalence ofLeptospiraspp. from rats and the environment, with dominant local serovars in urban areas of Sarawak.

Pesticide residues in vegetable, soil and water samples collected from some districts of Haryana

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Sudeep Mishra ◽  
M K Singh ◽  
M K Saini ◽  
Vikash ◽  
S Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Vegetable Soil ◽  
Soil And Water

scholarly journals IMPACTS OF DUMPSITE ON SOIL AND GROUNDWATER QUALITY: A CASE STUDY OF ERINFUN COMMUNITY, ADO EKITI, SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-116
Author(s):  
F., F. Akinola ◽  
M., O. Lasisi ◽  
B., S. Awe
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Sample ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Organization

Groundwater pollution has increased as a result of poor waste disposal practices in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of physicochemical parameters and heavy metal concentrations in order to investigate the impact of dumpsites on groundwater and soil quality in Erinfun community. Four (4) water samples were collected hand dug well and four (4) soil samples designated Ss1 to Ss4 were collected at distances of 10, 20, 30 and 40 m, respectively, away from the waste dumpsite. Physicochemical parameters and traces such as odour, colour, taste and temperature, as well as Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Dissolve Oxygen, Total Dissolve Solid, pH, and chloride were measured in collected water samples. Collected soil samples were also analyzed for heavy metals such as Magnesium, Zinc, Iron, Chromium, and Lead. All the physical parameters of the water samples analysed were found not to be within the acceptable limit of World Health Organization and Nigerian Standard of Drinking Water Quality standards. The chemical constituents tested were within the acceptable limit of World Health Organization and Nigerian Standard of Drinking Water Quality except for the Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Dissolve Oxygen of water samples 1 and 2, respectively. The concentration of trace metals in water sample test were within health limit except for Magnesium and Iron which has the highest concentrations in water sample 1 at 10 m away from dumpsite (61.00 mg/l and 0.46 mg/l). Consequently, open dumpsites are discouraged, and constructed standard landfills with appropriate monitoring guidelines are recommended.

scholarly journals Drinking Water Source Protection in the Tampa Bay Region: A Guide for Homeowners

EDIS ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy L. Shober
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Tampa Bay ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Local Sources ◽  
Potential Pollution ◽  
Soil And Water

SL-280, a 3-page illustrated fact sheet by Amy L. Shober, familiarizes homeowners in the Tampa Bay region with the local sources of drinking water, potential pollution sources, and actions that can protect the quality of the local drinking water supply. Includes references. Published by the UF Department of Soil and Water Science, February 2009. Revised June 2009. SL280/SS493: Drinking Water Source Protection in the Tampa Bay Region: A Guide for Homeowners (ufl.edu)

scholarly journals Study on Arsenic Contamination in Soil and Water in Five-selected Agro Ecological Zone (AEZ) of Bangladesh

2010 ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Md Nurul Huda-Al Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Ecological Zone ◽  
Toxic Level ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Tube Wells ◽  
Soil And Water ◽  
Agro Ecological Zones

A research was carried out at the five different Agro-Ecological Zones (AEZ) of Bangladesh, viz. Tista Meander Floodplain (FP), High Ganges FP, Low Ganges FP, Active Ganges FP and Gopalganj-Khulna Bills during January 2001 to January 2002. The objectives were to assess the arsenic (As) concentration in the soil and water as well as to test tube well water samples and examines whether these exceed the acceptable limit of  As. Water of shallow tube wells (STW) and soil samples were collected from ten sites under five AEZs of Bangladesh. Considerable number of water samples showed high contents of arsenic, which ranged from 0.032 to 203.9 ?g/l. Out of 428 water samples, 155 were found unsafe (>10-<50 ?g/l) and 78 were toxic (>50 ?g/l) for drinking purpose. However, out of 2648 soil samples collected from different Upazilas, only 4 samples collected from Chargat showed toxic level (>20 ?g/kg).

scholarly journals Intestinal parasitoses and environmental factors in a rural population of Argentina, 2002-2003

2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan A. Basualdo ◽  
María A. Córdoba ◽  
María M. de Luca ◽  
María L. Ciarmela ◽  
Betina C. Pezzani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Water Pump ◽  
Blastocystis Hominis ◽  
Degree Of Association ◽  
Sanitary Conditions ◽  
Soil And Water

We evaluate the prevalence of intestinal parasites in 504 people and the degree of association between environmental variables and parasites found in population, soil and water in a rural area of Argentina during 2002-2003. A structured survey was used to evaluate the environmental variables and fecal-human, soil and water samples were analyzed. The prevalence of parasites was 45.4%. Most prevalent protozoa were Blastocystis hominis (27.2%) and Giardia lamblia (6.9%), while the most prevalent helminth was Ascaris lumbricoides (3.8%). The analyzed environmental variables showing association (p < 0.05) with presence of parasites in population were: cardboard-tin or wooden house, dirt floor, home or communal water pump, faucet outside the house or public faucet and cesspool or latrine. Parasite forms were found in 82.3% of the soil samples and in 84.2% of the water samples. In both samples we found parasites that were also found in people. In this study we have found deficient sanitary conditions associated with presence of parasites in population and we have evidenced that contaminated soil and water were the source of these parasites.

scholarly journals Quantification of Pesticide Residues in Drinking Water in Different Areas of District Charsadda, Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nasimullah Qureshi ◽  
Inayat-Ur-Rahman Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Pesticides Residues ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Health Risk Factor ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

Pesticides residues were determined quantitatively in drinking water samples collected fromdistrict Charsadda of the province Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan employing GC-MS technique. Thesurvey was conducted soon after the flood in 2010. Aldicarb (0.003 mg/L) was found only in C7, whileresidues of acetachlor (0.001 mg/L) was found in C8. Among the pesticides quantified Chlorpyrifosdelivered highest amount of residues in C8, C9, C10, C11 and C12. Residues of o, p'-DDT were foundhigher in C1 to C6 than the permitted value (0.002 mg/L), while higher concentration of Pyridaben thanthe allowed value (0.0001 mg/L) was resulted in C1, C5, C6 and C14. Residues of Carbofuran, Atrazine,a-Endosulfan and Dieldrin, b-Endosulfan, Difenoconazole-1 and Difenoconazole-2 were not detectedin any of the collected water samples. Concentrations of rest of the pesticides residues detected in watersamples were within the permissible limits. The study revealed that water samples collected from districtCharsadda are highly contaminated with pesticides, which is a health risk factor for the inhabitant ofthis areas.

scholarly journals Environmental Health Risk Analysis of Paraquat Exposure in Palm Oil Plantations

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksuk Maksuk ◽  
Tan Malaka ◽  
Suheryanto Suheryanto ◽  
Abu Umayah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Risk Quotient ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Grab Sampling ◽  
Environmental Media ◽  
Soil And Water

Paraquat (1, 1’-dimethyl-4, 4’-bipyridylium dichloride) is a highly toxic herbicide. Recently, Paraquat is still used widely in the plantations area, mainly in palm oil plantations. Paraquat application continuously can be increased Paraquat concentration and contaminated in soil and water. This study aimed was to analysis Paraquat exposure in environmental media water and soil, and the calculation of risk quotient of Paraquat in palm oil plantation. The study design of this research was a cross sectional with the laboratory examination Paraquat concentrations in soil and water. Soil and water samples taken by grab sampling with random composites. Water samples were taken from three sources in palm oil plantations area. Whereas soil samples were taken at a depth of 0-10 cm (top soil) and the number of soil samples as much as 5 samples. Furthermore, the risk quotient of Paraquat concentration in the water used in the palm oil plantation. The laboratory tests of Paraquat concentration were in water and soil with gas chromatography. The results of laboratory tests showed that Paraquat concentration in water samples were found between &lt;0.005 to 0.01 mg/l and Paraquat concentration in soil samples were found between &lt;0.005 to 0.08 ppm. The calculation of risk quotient was 0.058 mg/body weight/day. Although, the calculated of risk quotient showed less than one. Therefore, prior to use the water must be treatment first. While the recommended water to consumption as much as 2 liters/day for a 55 kg body weight to Indonesian workers.

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