scholarly journals A Case Study of Enhancing Sustainable Intensification of Chinese Torreya Forest in Zhuji of China

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiongwen Chen ◽  
Hangbiao Jin
Keyword(s):  
Local Economy ◽  
Sustainable Intensification ◽  
Southeastern China ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Translational Ecology ◽  
Torreya Grandis ◽  
To Receive

Chinese torreya (Torreya grandis cv. Merrillii) is an important cash tree in southeastern China and this species plays a major role in local economy. Establishing new plantations of Chinese torreya would be necessary in order to receive more economic benefit. However, expanding the area of torreya plantations would conflict with other land-use and also affect regional biodiversity. Under this context, local people and government made a paradigm shift from nuts productivity to sustainable practices. They explored the multi-functionalities of Chinese torreya forests, such as the social, cultural, environmental and health functionalities, and developed ecotourism as a breakthrough. The development of multi-functionalities of torreya plantations greatly improved the local economy and led a success in the local society. The strategy of this case completely followed the principles of sustainable intensification of agriculture and translational ecology, which involve scientists, stakeholders and policy makers to emphasize landscape multi-functionalities and minimize environmental impacts of operations. The knowledge from this study may be helpful to research in other regions.

A Place for Immigrants in the Ghetto: The Rise and Fall of the NaunynRitze Youth Centre

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhat Güney ◽  
Bülent Kabaş ◽  
Fatih Çömlekçi
Keyword(s):  
Immigrant Youth ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Youth Work ◽  
Artistic Development ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Youth Centre

In this work, we attempt to examine the role of strategies like arts sponsorship and culturalism in the solution of immigrant youth issues around a specific immigrant place. This is a case study that focuses on the NaunynRitze Youth Centre in Berlin-Kreuzberg, which was presented as a successful example by policy makers and the public in the 1990s when the footsteps of the crisis of multiculturalism had begun to be heard in Germany. Our research shows that the social engineering strategies shaped around a multikulti production base are not permanent or sustainable as long as these institutions are also given the responsibility of eliminating the cycle of crime and violence in addition to promote individual artistic development and subcultural entities. As long as political figures and the public opinion continue to generally see the immigrant youth as a danger to the secure and untarnished development of society, it does not appear possible for the multiculturalism and the immigrant youth work system to develop.

scholarly journals Economic aspects of forest education for general public in Poland. A case study of promotional forest complexes

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarosław Uglis ◽  
A Jęsczmyk ◽  
J Sikora ◽  
A Wartecka-Wažynska
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
External Financing ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ecological Forestry ◽  
Forest Education

Forest plays an important role in humane life.Nowadays, a significant development of tourism and education can be observed in the forests. For many visitors forests are the destination of tourist trips. However, in order to develop tourism successfully there, the forest areas have to be properly developed. Recreation and relax in forest can become an additional source of income for forest districts and their administrative entities. This activity constitutes an important source of income for the local economy through the costs incurred by visitors for the journey to the forest for educational and recreational purposes. Within the framework of this institution there are. In Poland, in 2016, there were 25 Promotional Forest Complexes (PFCs), whose task is to realize the social functions of forests. FPCs are an original Polish idea for promoting ecological forestry. Foresters within PFCs conduct various activities, including promoting sustainable forest economy, supporting scientific research and providing forest education for general public. The educational activity of PFCs is financed by two sources of funding internal (own) financing and external financing (foreign). The main source of financing education in PFCs is the own resources of the forest districts. The aim of the article is to show the forms of forest education in Poland, as well as its economic aspects. It also presents the expenditures and benefits drawn from the development of the educational function of forests. The author attempts to evaluate the prospective cost of visitors’ attendance in these areas. In order to write the article, the authors used the following research methods: empirical analysis of secondary materials, literature analysis and statistical analysis.  

scholarly journals A study on the timing of HIV repeat test: A case study of Mary Immaculate VCT Center, Nairobi, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
V, Otieno Okech ◽  
V. Wanjala Namulanda ◽  
D. Kimuli
Keyword(s):  
Short Interval ◽  
Late Diagnosis ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Repeat Test ◽  
To Receive

Population testing, especially those at risk, plays an important role in preventing and managing the HIV pandemic. It helps practitioners in identifying individuals who need to be counseled on behavior change as well as those who need to be enrolled in HIV care and treatment programs. Further still, policy makers also use outcomes of such tests in determining whether their strategies are bearing fruits or not. In this study, we sought to determine the time interval within which sexually active individuals seek HIV repeat tests in relation to their gender and marital statuses.                                                       We observed that majority of the respondents (39.8%, n=47) sought HIV repeat test within a period of 7-12 months, which we considered as short interval that leads to early diagnosis. We also observed a section of the respondents were also seeking HIV repeat test after a period that exceeded 13 months. We considered the latter as long interval that leads to late diagnosis of HIV. We further observed that, a majority of the respondents who were either married or had never been married before, sought HIV repeat tests within a short interval compared to those who were either divorced or widowed.                                                       We concluded that most widowed and divorced respondents were more likely to receive late diagnosis of HIV than those who were either married or had never been married before. Most studies have indicated that people who are unaware of their HIV status carry a higher risk of infecting others.

The Nation in the Balkan Village: National Politicization in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Ottoman Thrace

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-193
Author(s):  
Andreas Kosmas Lyberatos
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
Local Society ◽  
The World ◽  
Ottoman Balkans ◽  
Late Ottoman

The paper tackles the issue of national politicization in late Ottoman Thrace through the case study of Stenimahos (İstanimaka, Stanimaka), a large mountainous village in Northern Thrace, whose Greek-speaking inhabitants initiated during the 1860s a long tradition of anti-Ottoman nationalist militancy and a close relation to independent Greece. The rapid national politicization and radicalization of the Stenimahiote Greeks was triggered by a severe reproduction crisis of the local economy in the context of mounting incorporation of the Ottoman empire into the world economy. Ensuing conflicts in local society were successively articulated into the unstable ‘post-Crimean war’ regional, imperial and international contexts. Last but not least, the analysis of the ‘amphibious’ emigration movement of the Stenimahiotes to Greece which followed the crisis reveals the agency of the non-elite subjects and challenges idealist and ‘top-bottom’ approaches to the process to nation formation in the late Ottoman Balkans.

Conclusion: local social innovation and welfare reform

2019 ◽  
pp. 217-228
Author(s):  
Stijn Oosterlynck ◽  
Andreas Novy ◽  
Yuri Kazepov
Keyword(s):  
Welfare Reform ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Innovations ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

In this chapter, we draw a range of overall conclusions from our case-study based investigation of how local social innovations operate as vehicles of welfare reform. We reflect on the impact of the increased interest of policy-makers in social innovation and on the relationship between social innovation and other social policy paradigms, notably the established paradigm of social protection and its main contender, the social investment paradigm. We also discuss our main findings with regard to the mix of actors, resources and instruments supporting localized social innovations, the multi-scalar nature social innovations, its empowerment dimension and relationship with knowledge. Finally, we look at the consolidation of social innovation in specific welfare-institutional contexts.

scholarly journals GIS-based approach for evaluating a community intrinsic resilience index

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firas Gerges ◽  
Hani Nassif ◽  
Xiaolong Geng ◽  
Holly A. Michael ◽  
Michel C. Boufadel
Keyword(s):  
Community Resilience ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Transportation Energy ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Road ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Political Boundaries ◽  
Resilience Index ◽  
Post Disaster

AbstractCommunity resilience refers to the degree to which a community can survive and recover following a disaster. While resilience itself is well understood, decisions that would enhance resilience are interdependent and involve various stakeholders. There are indices for evaluating community resilience, but these have the shortcoming that they compare between political entities, such as counties. Therefore, one cannot ascertain that a county is truly resilient. In addition, natural disasters depend on the landscape and thus have no relation to the political boundaries. Our metric aims to capture the information into a Community Intrinsic Resilience Index (CIRI), which embodies the resilience level of four critical sectors: transportation, energy, health and socio-economic. As a case study, we computed CIRI for the counties within New Jersey. Results showed that within NJ, CIRI ranged from 63 to 80%. A post-disaster CIRI, following a scenario of flooding, revealed that two coastal counties would have low CIRI values due to the reduction in the road area and/or the GDP (local economy shut down) to below minimum values. We believe that our platform would further advance the efforts to fill the gap between resilience research and applications and would help decision and policy makers to integrate resilience within the planning and design phases of disaster management.

scholarly journals The locals and their new university – A case study of social innovation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin R Forray ◽  
Tamás Kozma
Keyword(s):  
Social Innovation ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Do So

AbstractWhat happens, if a university moves to a town that never had a higher education institution previously? What is the impact of this development both on the community and the institution? The aim of this paper is to answer this question. The authors use the concept of ‘social innovation’ for understanding the developments. An institute may initiate, organise and coordinate all kinds of learning that takes place in a given community (Bradford, 2003). To do so, the institute may have to change its missions (not only its third, but also its first, second and third ones. These developments could be interpreted as a ‘social innovation’ during which the local economy and society was challenged and they looked for new responses. As suggested in the ‘social innovation’ literature the main research method was participatory research, combined with structured and semi-structured interviews, story-telling and narrative analyses. As a result, three interest groups could be described with various requirements different demands toward the university; while the university had to modify its structure, curriculum and communications. The main lesson to learn is that ’social innovation’ as a frame of interpretation can be used to understand the developmental processes that occurred between the locals and a new university.

scholarly journals تقويم برنامج تعليم اللغة العربية للكبار الناطقين بغير العربية من وجهة نظرهم: الجامعة الإسلامية العالمية بماليزيا نموذجاً (Evaluating the Teaching of Arabic to Adults Non-Speakers of Arabic Program from their Perspectives: IIUM as a Case Study)

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
مهدي بن مسعود (Mahdi Bin Masud) ◽  
مرصوفة عبد الجليل (Marsufah Abdul Jalil)
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Class Time ◽  
The Social ◽  
Staff Number

ملخص البحث:إن عملية التعليم والتعلم عملية مستمرة، ومتطورة ما دامت الحياة التعليمية قائمة، وهي متطورة بتطور الحياة الاجتماعية، لذا نجد المهتمين بالتعليم يعكفون من وقت لآخر على دراسة المناهج، وما يرتبط بها من مواد تعليمية، وموارد بشرية وغيرها بغية تطويرها والرقي بها. وفي مجال تعليم اللغة بوصفها لغة ثانية  أو أجنبية فإن عملية تعليمها تحتاج إلى مراجعة ودراسة سواء أكانت على مستوى طرق التعليم ووسائله، أم في منهج التدريس وكتبه، أم هيئة التدريس والمسؤولين عنها، وزمن التعلم ومدته. ومن هنا وقع اختيار الباحثين على موضوع تقويم مدى قوة برنامج تعليم اللغة العربية للماليزيين الكبار وفعاليته. سعى هذا البحث عبر المنهج الوصفي الاستقرائي التحليلي إلى الإجابة عن السؤال الرئيس: ما مدى فعالية برنامج التعليم للمتعلمين؟ وقد طرح الباحثان استبيانا على عينة من الدارسين قدرها 42 دارسا، وقد أفضت الدراسة إلى نتائج متعددة من أهمها: أن البرنامج فعّال، والأمور التي يراعيها هذا البرنامج من زمن التدريس، ومكانه، وهيئة التدريس، وعدد المتعلمين في الفصول الدراسية، والمواد التعليمية، وطرق التعليم ووسائله، ورسوم التعليم تشبع حاجات المتعلمين وميولهم، ويقبلون على الدراسة بانشراح غير أن الباحثين يوصيان بإعادة النظر في بعض النواحي المتعلقة بطرق التعليم، واستخدام وسائله من أجل تطوير البرنامج.  الكلمات المفتاحية: الكبار- المواد- الوسائل- الطريقة- البرنامج.Abstract: Learning and teaching are continuous and progressive processes as long as there is education in life. It developed in tandem with the social life; therefore, educationists keep on reviewing periodically the syllabus and what relates to the teaching materials, the human resources and other relevant aspects for improvement and development. In the field of teaching Arabic as a second or foreign language, its process needs reviewing and studying either on the level of its teaching methods, syllabus, textbooks, the teaching staff, the policy makers and the period of teaching  or learning. The researchers of this paper chose to study the effectiveness of the program of teaching Arabic to adults. Through descriptive, deductive and analytical methods, this paper attempts to answer the primary question: What is the effectiveness of teaching Arabic to adults. A set of questionnaire was distributed and 42 respondents returned the survey. Among the most important conclusions: that the program was effective. Matters related to the program such as class time and period, venue, teaching staff, number of teachers, teaching materials, fees and teaching methods seem to satisfy the students and their interest. The reseachers recommend that there were rooms for improvement especially what relates to teaching methods in order to improve the program.Keywords: Adults– Materials– Methods– Approach– Program.Abstrak:Pengajaran dan pembelajaran merupakan satu proses yang berterusan dan berkembang selama mana pendidikan wujud dalam kehidupan, malah ia berkembang seiring dengan perkembangan masyarakat. Oleh itu, suatu yang tidak menghairankan apabila kita lihat ahli akademik sentiasa membuat kajian terhadap sukatan pelajaran, bahan pengajaran, tenaga pengajar dan semua aspek yang berkaitan dengan pembelajaran dari masa ke semasa supaya dapat mempertingkatkan kualiti pendidikan. Bagi Bahasa Arab sebagai bahasa kedua atau bahasa asing, proses pengajarannya memerlukan kajian lanjut dan penelitian semula sama ada melibatkan kaedah pengajaran, sukatan pelajaran, buku teks, tenaga pengajar, penggubal dasar atau tempoh pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Oleh yang demikian, dalam makalah ini penyelidik memilih untuk menilai dan mengkaji keberkesanan modul pengajaran Bahasa Arab untuk orang dewasa. Melalui pendekatan deskriptif, deduktif dan analisis, makalah ini berusaha untuk menjawab soalan utama: Sejauh mana keberkesanan modul pengajaran Bahasa Arab untuk orang dewasa? Borang soal selidik telah diedarkan kepada 42 orang pelajar dewasa bukan Arab sebagai responden. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa modul pengajaran Bahasa Arab untuk orang dewasa adalah efektif kerana perkara-perkara yang berkaitan dengan modul seperti tempoh dan tempat pembelajaran, tenaga pengajar, bilangan pelajar dalam satu kelas, bahan pengajaran, yuran dan kaedah pembelajaran didapati memuaskan hati mereka. Walau bagaimanapun, penyelidik mencadangkan agar penelitian semula dibuat terhadap beberapa aspek yang berkaitan dengan cara dan kaedah pengajaran supaya penambahbaikan dapat dilakukan.      Kata knci: Orang dewasa- Bahan pengajaran- Kaedah Pengajaran- Pendekatan- Modul.

scholarly journals Implications of Educational Policy-Making Which Encourages Schools to Collaborate with the Community, External Agencies, Private Companies, Employers and Voluntary Organisations

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Julia Everitt
Keyword(s):  
National Curriculum ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
State Education Policy ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
State Education ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pro Forma ◽  
Voluntary Organisations

Despite the move to state education, policy-makers since the early 1900s have encouraged the community, external agencies, private companies, employers and voluntary organisations to become involved in schools. The rationales for these collaborations are to address issues (e.g., delinquency, neglect, underachievement and low family support), which will be tackled through activities (e.g., extra-curricular clubs and one-to-one support) and to focus on the social aspects of schooling of wider audiences (e.g., adults). These activities are deemed as beneficial through implementation which is perceived to be issue free. Research is lacking with regard to how these policy responses are played out in practice and the perceptions of those involved. This paper reveals the individuals involved in four case study schools using an audit pro-forma, documentary analysis and interviews with school staff and external agencies. The findings highlight that several individuals were expected to deliver former statutory provision for free, but quality was a concern. Individuals may perceive that their activities contribute to the national curriculum, but staff had different perceptions. This paper reveals how policies are directing the individuals involved and their activities. There are questions over whose interests are intended to be served and the implications for pupils, parents, schools, communities and politicians.

RU SCHOLARS, SOCIAL NETWORKS, AND BUREAUCRACY: DONGHAI 東海 MEN AND MODELS FOR SUCCESS IN WESTERN HAN CHINA (206 b.c.e.–9 c.e.)

Early China ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 237-271
Author(s):  
Liang Cai
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Social Mechanism ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Social Prestige ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shi Ji

AbstractIn this study I take men from Donghai, a region of northeast China, as a case study for examining models of success in the Western Han (206 b.c.e.–9 c.e.). Employing digital tools to mine data from The Grand Scribe's Records (Shi ji) and The History of the Western Han (Han shu), I explore the social networks and career patterns of men from a region that enjoyed a reputation for producing a remarkable number of high officials and celebrated Ru. I focus on three questions. First, what was the social mechanism that enabled people to distinguish themselves at both the local and the imperial levels? Second, did these celebrated men from Donghai serve as bridges connecting the local to the capital, directing resources back to their hometown and helping their local fellows achieve success? Third, did their positions in the central government remove them from local society by transforming them into capital-dwelling elites primarily concerned about the success of their families in the central court? In addressing these questions, I probe the dynamics between bureaucratic hierarchy, social networks, and the flow of talent and resources. I investigate various understandings of prestige and the strategies for climbing the ladder of success. Furthermore, I ask which forms of social prestige—for example, academic reputation, wealth, social networks—could bypass the hierarchical system imposed by the imperial bureaucracy, providing direct access to lofty positions. Did the patterns of success seen in the Donghai group reflect a bias built into the sources, constitute a regional variation, or provide a universal model for success in early imperial China?

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