scholarly journals Thermodynamic and Thermo-Econmic Analysis of Preheated and Blended Castor Oil Methyl Ester in a Compression Ignition Engine

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Menelik Walle Mekonen ◽  
Niranjan Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Energy And Exergy ◽  
Test Engine

In this paper, energy, exergy, suitability and economic evaluation of a diesel engine running with diesel fuel and five different types of preheated biodiesel blends were evaluated experimentally. The experiments were carried out at varying engine brake mean effective pressures (bmeps). The energy and exergy rate components of the engine were callcualted and compared for each operating conditions and blends of fuel. The fuel properties of the castor oil methyl ester (COME) at different preheating temeperatures have been tested with a consideration of different biodiesel international standards. The test results shows that the fuel properties of COME improve with increase of fuel inlet temeperatures. At 114°C, kinematic viscosity and density decreased to (5.74 mm2/s and 862 kg/m3), whcich is close to diesel fuel, and the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and brake thermal efficiency (BTHE) was improved by 33.1% and 49.6% compared to the fuel preheated temeperature of 42°C. The input fuel energy and exergy rates of blends of fuel were seen to be improved than diesel fuel. The maximum energetic and exergetic efficiency for blended fuels in the test engine at 372 bmep were found in the range of 25−28 % and 23-26%, respectively. The blends of fuel are marginally less sustainable than diesel fuel at every bmeps. The cost analyses show that, all blends of fuel offer quite higher economic cost with respect to diesel fuel. The full economic analysis reveals that only up to 60% blends of fuel is more affordable as compared to diesel.

An experimental investigation of the performance, emission and combustion stability of compression ignition engine powered by diesel and ammonia solution (NH4OH)

2020 ◽  
pp. 146808742094094
Author(s):  
Michał Pyrc ◽  
Michał Gruca ◽  
Arkadiusz Jamrozik ◽  
Wojciech Tutak ◽  
Romualdas Juknelevičius
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Ammonia Solution ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Combustion Stability ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Test Engine

This study presents experimental examinations of a stationary single-cylinder compression ignition dual fuel engine for the combustion of diesel fuel with water ammonia solution. The effect of 25% water ammonia solution on the combustion, performance, emissions and stability of the dual fuel compression ignition engine was investigated, taking into account its different operating conditions. The experiments were carried out for three modes of engine operation with three loads (35%, 60% and 100%) and a change in the water ammonia solution energy fraction at 60% load, within the range from 0% to 17%. Co-combustion of diesel fuel with water ammonia solution in the test engine contributed to an increase in the ignition delay period and combustion duration, and to an increase in the heat release rate. Compared to the combustion of diesel fuel alone, combustion involving ammonia causes deterioration in the stability of the test engine operation, yet not exceeding the permissible stability indices for reciprocating combustion engines. Addition of water ammonia solution led to reduced nitrogen oxide emissions and increasing carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions and did not result in significant changes in carbon dioxide emissions.

scholarly journals Modelling of Diesel fuel properties through its surrogates using Perturbed-Chain, Statistical Associating Fluid Theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1118-1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Vidal ◽  
Carlos Rodriguez ◽  
Phoevos Koukouvinis ◽  
Manolis Gavaises ◽  
Mark A McHugh
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Group Contribution ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Liquid Density ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Statistical Associating Fluid Theory ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Fluid Theory

The Perturbed-Chain, Statistical Associating Fluid Theory equation of state is utilised to model the effect of pressure and temperature on the density, volatility and viscosity of four Diesel surrogates; these calculated properties are then compared to the properties of several Diesel fuels. Perturbed-Chain, Statistical Associating Fluid Theory calculations are performed using different sources for the pure component parameters. One source utilises literature values obtained from fitting vapour pressure and saturated liquid density data or from correlations based on these parameters. The second source utilises a group contribution method based on the chemical structure of each compound. Both modelling methods deliver similar estimations for surrogate density and volatility that are in close agreement with experimental results obtained at ambient pressure. Surrogate viscosity is calculated using the entropy scaling model with a new mixing rule for calculating mixture model parameters. The closest match of the surrogates to Diesel fuel properties provides mean deviations of 1.7% in density, 2.9% in volatility and 8.3% in viscosity. The Perturbed-Chain, Statistical Associating Fluid Theory results are compared to calculations using the Peng–Robinson equation of state; the greater performance of the Perturbed-Chain, Statistical Associating Fluid Theory approach for calculating fluid properties is demonstrated. Finally, an eight-component surrogate, with properties at high pressure and temperature predicted with the group contribution Perturbed-Chain, Statistical Associating Fluid Theory method, yields the best match for Diesel properties with a combined mean absolute deviation of 7.1% from experimental data found in the literature for conditions up to 373°K and 500 MPa. These results demonstrate the predictive capability of a state-of-the-art equation of state for Diesel fuels at extreme engine operating conditions.

Characterization of the key fuel properties of methyl ester–diesel fuel blends

Fuel ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ertan Alptekin ◽  
Mustafa Canakci
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Fuel Blends

Analysis of Pressure Wave Model Predictions Considering Diesel Fuel Properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 681 ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Hayat Qaisar ◽  
Li Yun Fan ◽  
En Zhe Song ◽  
Xiu Zhen Ma ◽  
Bing Qi Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Pressure Wave ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Empirical Formulas ◽  
Dynamic Variations ◽  
Mean Square Errors

Diesel fuel pressure wave inside Combination Electronic Unit Pump (CEUP) pipeline has been investigated using a 1D viscous damped mathematical model considering the effect of four key fuel properties including density, viscosity, acoustic wave speed and bulk modulus. Wave equation (WE) based mathematical model has been developed in MATLAB using finite difference method. Mathematical model results at various operating conditions of diesel engine have been verified by comparing with those of AMESim numerical model of CEUP and quantified through Root Mean Square Errors (RMSE) and Index of Agreements (IA). Dynamic variations of these fuel properties during fuel injection cycles have also been incorporated in mathematical model by utilizing empirical formulas. Predicted results show that simulated results which consider fuel properties dynamic variations as a function of pressure are more coherent to AMESim numerical model results.

Effects of Alumina Nanoparticles Additives Into Jojoba Methyl Ester-Diesel Mixture on Diesel Engine Performance

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali M. A. Attia ◽  
Ahmed I. El-Seesy ◽  
Hesham M. El-Batsh ◽  
Mohamed S. Shehata
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Alumina Nanoparticles ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Nano Additives ◽  
Conventional Diesel Fuel

Currently, using biofuels to operate diesel engines gets a great attention to the extent that it could replace the limited conventional fossil fuels. These fuels have a closed life cycle (renewable) and they have a remarkable effect on the global greenhouse phenomena. Moreover, the use of non-edible vegetable oils is considered a good choice after a suitable chemical and/or thermal treatment to convert them into esters. The use of jojoba oil shows a promising alternative fuel for conventional diesel fuel even there were unfavorable effects including power reduction. The wide spread usage of nano additives to improve the combustion quality may be a good solution for these problems. This study represents an experimental investigation to examine the effect of nano additives on diesel engine performance at variable operating conditions of load and speed. In this work, alumina nano-particles are added to a mixture of jojoba methyl ester (biodiesel) and conventional diesel fuel at the most recommended value (20% biodiesel and 80% diesel fuel) with different doses from 10 up to 50 mg/l. The received mixture is homogenized with an ultrasonicator mixer. It is found that, the appropriate nano-additives dose corresponding to optimal engine performance is about 30 mg/l. At this dose, the overall BSFC is reduced by about 6%, engine thermal efficiency is increased up to 7%, and all engine emissions have been reduced (NOx about 70%, CO about 75 %, smoke opacity about 5%, and UHC about 55 %) compared with the corresponding values obtained when only a blended fuel of 20% biodiesel is used.

scholarly journals Performance and emission characteristics of preheating corn oil methyl ester in CI Engine

Mechanika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 413-418
Author(s):  
Gopinath Varudharajan
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Performance And Emission

In the present work on unheated Corn oil methyl ester and Preheated Corn oil methyl ester is used to prepare different concentration blends with diesel, B20, B40 and B60 were used as alternative fuels in a compression ignition engine. The properties like calorific value, flash point, fire point and viscosity of these oils were determined. The viscosity of corn oils has been reduced through transterification process. The waste heat energy from the exhaust gas was reused to preheat the corn oil around 80°C by adjusting the flow rate of exhaust gas.  The performance and emission characteristics of a single cylinder, direct injection diesel engine were determined using unheated corn oil, Preheated Corn oil and diesel. Brake thermal efficiency of preheated B20 was more than other blends and unheated fuels but equal to diesel fuel. Brake specific fuel consumption, CO2 and HC of preheated B20 were less than unheated fuels and diesel. However, the NOx emission of preheated B20 was little higher than unheated fuels and diesel due to high combustion temperature. By considering the result of all the factors, preheated B20 blend was found to be a suitable alternative for diesel fuel.

scholarly journals Characterization and effect of the use of safflower methyl ester and diesel blends in the compression ignition engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Balaji Venkatesan ◽  
Kaliappan Seeniappan ◽  
Ezhumalai Shanmugam ◽  
Socrates Subramanian ◽  
Jayaseelan Veerasundaram
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Di Diesel Engine ◽  
Combustion Emission ◽  
And Performance ◽  
New Research

Energy is vital to the profitable growth of every nation and to stimulate new research. Only natural resources can meet the growing energy demand in recent years, biodiesel has become very interested in the energy as well as environmental advantages that it can be combined with mineral diesel fuel in any quantity. The research focuses on the study of the replacement of diesel with a safflower methyl ester. The engine tests shall be performed using the safflower methyl ester as fuel in the DI diesel engine. The combustion, emission and performance characteristics were studied using alternative fuels and mixtures. SAfflower Methyl Ester 80% (SAME80) and SAME100 have high heat release rates. Nitrogen oxides were higher by about 50%, carbon monoxide decreased by 10%, unburnt hydrocarbon was slightly higher and the thermal efficiency was higher for the SAME than for diesel fuel.

Exhaust Emission Characteristics of a Three-Wheeler Auto Diesel Engine Fueled with Pongamia, Mahua and Jatropha Biodiesels

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bobbili Prasadarao ◽  
Aditya Kolakoti ◽  
Pudi Sekhar
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Emission Characteristics

: This paper presents the production of biodiesel from three different non edible oils of Pongamia, Mahua and Jatropha as an alternative fuel for diesel engine. Biodiesel is produced by followed transesterification process, using catalyst sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and methyl alcohol (CH3OH). A single cylinder four stroke three-wheeler auto diesel engine is used to evaluate the exhaust emission characteristics at a constant speed of 1500rpm with varying loads. Diesel as a reference fuel and cent percent of Pongamia Methyl Ester (PME), Mahua Methyl Ester (MME) and Jatropha Methyl Ester (JME) are used as an alternative fuel. The physicochemical properties of biodiesels are within the limits of international standards (ASTM D6751) noticeably. The results of tested biodiesels offer low exhaust emissions compared to diesel fuel, owing to presence of molecular oxygen and high cetane number. At maximum load the NOx emission reduced by 18.41% for JME, 17.46% for MME and 7.61% for PME. Low levels of CO emissions are recorded for JME (66%) followed by MME (33%) and PME (22%). Unburnt hydrocarbon emissions were reduced by 85.75% for JME and MME, for PME 14.28% reduction is observed. Exhaust smoke emissions are also reduced for PME and MME by 18.84%, for JME 14.49%. As a conclusion, it is observed that all the methyl esters exhibit significant reduction in harmful exhaust emissions compared to diesel fuel and JME is noted as a better choice.

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