scholarly journals Decision-Making in Physical Intelligent Systems Regulated by Growth Rate Factors

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Till D. Frank
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Equilibrium System ◽  
Discharge System ◽  
Chemical Systems ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Current Flows ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Non Equilibrium

In the literature, self-organizing physical and chemical systems have been proposed as candidates for physical intelligent systems that may solve problems in the field of artificial intelligent in a non-algorithmic way that is not based on computation. In this theoretical study, decision-making in such physical intelligent systems is discussed in terms of non-equilibrium transitions between two self-organized states. The control parameter driving the non-equilibrium transitions is related to two growth rate factors. It is shown for a particular non-equilibrium system that the decision-making process satisfies the principle of selecting the state with the fastest growth rate factor. The system under consideration is a two component gas discharge system whose current flows can be described by means of an electronic blueprint.

scholarly journals Stochastic phase segregation on surfaces

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 170472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prerna Gera ◽  
David Salac
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Phase Segregation ◽  
Thermal Fluctuations ◽  
Stochastic Noise ◽  
Chemical Systems ◽  
Segregation Process ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Influence Of Noise ◽  
Spherical Interface

Phase separation and coarsening is a phenomenon commonly seen in binary physical and chemical systems that occur in nature. Often, thermal fluctuations, modelled as stochastic noise, are present in the system and the phase segregation process occurs on a surface. In this work, the segregation process is modelled via the Cahn–Hilliard–Cook model, which is a fourth-order parabolic stochastic system. Coarsening is analysed on two sample surfaces: a unit sphere and a dumbbell. On both surfaces, a statistical analysis of the growth rate is performed, and the influence of noise level and mobility is also investigated. For the spherical interface, it is also shown that a lognormal distribution fits the growth rate well.

THE FORMATION OF VORONOI DIAGRAMS IN CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL SYSTEMS: EXPERIMENTAL FINDINGS AND THEORETICAL MODELS

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (07) ◽  
pp. 2187-2210 ◽  
Author(s):  
BEN DE LACY COSTELLO ◽  
NORMAN RATCLIFFE ◽  
ANDREW ADAMATZKY ◽  
ALEXEY L. ZANIN ◽  
ANDREAS W. LIEHR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Voronoi Diagram ◽  
Voronoi Diagrams ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Gas Discharge ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Discharge System ◽  
Output State ◽  
Chemical Systems ◽  
Self Organized

The work discusses the formation of Voronoi diagrams in spatially extended nonlinear systems taking experimental and theoretical results into account. Concerning experimental systems a number of chemical systems used previously as prototype chemical processors and a barrier gas-discharge system are investigated. Although the underlying microscopic processes are very different, both types of systems show self-organized Voronoi diagrams for suitable parameters. Indeed certain chemical systems exhibit Voronoi diagrams as an output state for two distinct sets of parameters one that corresponds to the interaction of stable forced trigger waves and the other that corresponds to the spontaneous initiation and interaction of waves due to point instabilities in the system. In the case of the chemical systems front initiation, propagation and interaction (annihilation) are the primary mechanisms for Voronoi diagram formation, in the case of the barrier gas-discharge system regions of vanishing electric field define the medial axes of the Voronoi diagram. On the basis of cellular automata models the general concept of the formation of Voronoi diagrams has been explained, and related mechanisms have been simulated. Another intuitive approach towards the understanding of self-organized Voronoi diagrams has been given on the basis of reaction–diffusion models explaining the formation of Voronoi diagrams as a result of the mutual interactions of trigger fronts. The variety of systems exhibiting Voronoi diagrams as stationary states indicates that Voronoi diagrams are a generic and natural pattern formation phenomenon.

A Unifying Principle for a Researcher Learning Safety: Reduce Uncertainty!

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Kao ◽  
Russell Furr
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Mission Statement ◽  
Safety Information ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Mission Statements ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Conveying safety information to researchers is challenging. A list of rules and best practices often is not remembered thoroughly even by individuals who want to remember everything. Researchers in science thinking according to principles: mathematical, physical, and chemical laws; biological paradigms. They use frameworks and logic, rather than memorization, to achieve the bulk of their work. Can safety be taught to researchers in a manner that matches with how they are trained to think? Is there a principle more defined than "Think safety!" that can help researchers make good decisions in situations that are complex, new, and demanding?<div><br></div><div>Effective trainings in other professions can arise from the use of a mission statement that participants internalize as a mental framework or model for future decision-making. We propose that mission statements incorporating the concept of <b>reducing uncertainty</b> could provide such a framework for learning safety. This essay briefly explains the definition of <b>uncertainty</b> in the context of health and safety, discusses the need for an individual to <b>personalize</b> a mission statement in order to internalize it, and connects the idea of <b>greater control</b> over a situation with less uncertainty with respect to safety. The principle of reducing uncertainty might also help <b>non-researchers</b> think about safety. People from all walks of life should be able to understand that more control over their situations provides more protection for them, their colleagues, and the environment.</div>

NUMERICAL COMPUTATION OF CANARDS

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2669-2687 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN GUCKENHEIMER ◽  
KATHLEEN HOFFMAN ◽  
WARREN WECKESSER
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Ordinary Differential Equations ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Slow Manifold ◽  
Singularly Perturbed ◽  
Singularly Perturbed Systems ◽  
Singularly Perturbed System ◽  
Chemical Systems ◽  
Perturbed System ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Singularly perturbed systems of ordinary differential equations arise in many biological, physical and chemical systems. We present an example of a singularly perturbed system of ordinary differential equations that arises as a model of the electrical potential across the cell membrane of a neuron. We describe two periodic solutions of this example that were numerically computed using continuation of solutions of boundary value problems. One of these periodic orbits contains canards, trajectory segments that follow unstable portions of a slow manifold. We identify several mechanisms that lead to the formation of these and other canards in this example.

scholarly journals Analysis of Challenges Facing Rice Processing in Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Ajala ◽  
A. Gana
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Rice Processing

Rice is the most economically important food crop in many developing countries and has also become a major crop in many developed countries where its consumption has increased considerably. It has become necessary to meet the demand of the world’s current population growth rate, and the least costly means for achieving this aim is to increase rice productivity, wherever possible. The main challenges encountered by rice processors in Nigeria are to find appropriate solutions for quality rice processing. Therefore this work provides basic information about the challenges of rice processing and focuses on the challenges faced by the small scale rice processors and reasons for continuous rice importation with a view to guiding decision-making to be self-sufficient in rice production, thereby making some improvement in Nigerian economy.

scholarly journals On numerical solver selection and related uncertainty terminology

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Claeys ◽  
Ann van Griensven ◽  
Lorenzo Benedetti ◽  
Bernard De Baets ◽  
Peter A. Vanrolleghem
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Uncertainty Assessment ◽  
Environmental Modelling ◽  
Chemical Systems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Numerical Solver ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Insight Into

Mathematical models provide insight into numerous biological, physical and chemical systems. They can be used in process design, optimisation, control and decision support, as acknowledged in many different fields of scientific research. Mathematical models do not always yield reliable results and uncertainty should be taken into account. At present, it is possible to identify some factors contributing to uncertainty, and the awareness of the necessity of uncertainty assessment is rising. In the fields of Environmental Modelling and Computational Fluid Dynamics, for instance, terminology related to uncertainty exists and is generally accepted. However, the uncertainty due to the choice of the numerical solver and its settings used to compute the solution of the models did not receive much attention in the past. A motivating example on the existence and effect of numerical uncertainty is provided and clearly shows that we can no longer ignore it. This paper introduces a new terminology to support communication about uncertainty caused by numerical solvers, so that scientists become perceptive to it.

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