scholarly journals Changing Leadership Style in the Vietnamese Commercial Banks Before and After Vietnam Joins the WTO

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Minh Cuong ◽  
Nguyen Hai Minh
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Styles ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Research Result ◽  
T Test ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Diagnostic Models ◽  
Change Level ◽  
Before And After

This study seeks to examine the changes in leadership style in four state-owned commercial banks in Vietnam of Vietcombank, Vietinbank, BIDV and Agribank before and after Vietnam joins the WTO, from 2007 to 2015. The study used OCAI culture diagnostic models to assess four different leadership styles using questionnaires and multivariate analysis techniques (paired t test, t test, ANOVA). The research result from 1056 employees in Vietnamese banks shows that there is a shift in the leadership style between two periods before and after Vietnam joins the WTO. The study also shows a significant difference in the change level of the leadership style between banks that have increased competitive and creative factors. This conversion trend is strongly increasing as Vietnam is about to participate in the TPP.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF IFRS ADOPTION ON EARNINGS MANAGEMENT IN BANKING COMPANIES IN INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Prima Santy ◽  
Tawakkal Tawakkal ◽  
Grace T. Pontoh
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Ifrs Adoption ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

The issue of the IFRSadoption as a standard that can lead to a reduction of earnings management. The research aimed to give empirical evidence concerning the impact of the IFRS adoption on earnings management, and the test of the difference level of earnings management between before and after the IFRS adoption. The research scope focused on the implementation of IFRS adoption particularly in PSAK No. 50 and PSAK No. 55 (revised 2006) concerningfinancial instruments. The research objects were the banking companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange for 4 years (2008-2011), i.e. as many as 23 banks. Samples were taken by using the purposive sampling technique. The main variables in this research are IFRS and earnings management,and includes several control variable, among others are, size, financial leverage, market to book value and institutional investors. The data were analyzed usingmultiple regression analysis and different t-test analysis. The research result indicates that the IFRS adoption has not effect the decreaseon the earnings management.Among the four control variables, the variable institutional investor is found not to have theeffect on earnings management, whereas the other three variables haveeffect.The result of the different t-test analysis also indicates that statistically there is not significant difference on the level of the earnings management between before and after IFRS adoption. Thus, based on this study concluded that the adoption of IFRS still allow for the occurrence of earnings management.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF IFRS ADOPTION ON EARNINGS MANAGEMENT IN BANKING COMPANIES IN INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Prima Santy ◽  
Tawakkal Tawakkal ◽  
Grace T. Pontoh
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Ifrs Adoption ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

The issue of the IFRSadoption as a standard that can lead to a reduction of earnings management. The research aimed to give empirical evidence concerning the impact of the IFRS adoption on earnings management, and the test of the difference level of earnings management between before and after the IFRS adoption. The research scope focused on the implementation of IFRS adoption particularly in PSAK No. 50 and PSAK No. 55 (revised 2006) concerningfinancial instruments. The research objects were the banking companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange for 4 years (2008-2011), i.e. as many as 23 banks. Samples were taken by using the purposive sampling technique. The main variables in this research are IFRS and earnings management,and includes several control variable, among others are, size, financial leverage, market to book value and institutional investors. The data were analyzed usingmultiple regression analysis and different t-test analysis. The research result indicates that the IFRS adoption has not effect the decreaseon the earnings management.Among the four control variables, the variable institutional investor is found not to have theeffect on earnings management, whereas the other three variables haveeffect.The result of the different t-test analysis also indicates that statistically there is not significant difference on the level of the earnings management between before and after IFRS adoption. Thus, based on this study concluded that the adoption of IFRS still allow for the occurrence of earnings management.

scholarly journals Nurses' leadership styles in the icu: association with personal and professional profile and workload

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Pazetto Balsanelli ◽  
Isabel Cristina Kowal Olm Cunha ◽  
Iveth Yamaguchi Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Styles ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
T Test ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Nursing Workload ◽  
Comparison Test ◽  
Multiple Comparison Test ◽  
Professional Profile ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

This study aims to explore the association between nurses' leadership styles and personal and professional nursing profile and workload. The sample consisted of seven nurses and seven nursing technicians who were grouped into pairs. At the end of three months, nurses were queried regarding what leadership style would be adopted when the nursing technician under their evaluation delivered care to patients admitted to the ICU. Relevant data was analyzed by applying descriptive statistics, Tukey's multiple comparison test and Student's t-test (p< 0.05). Nursing workload reached 80.1% on average. The personal and professional profile variables did not show any relation with the leadership styles chosen by nurses (p>0.05). The determine, persuade, and share leadership styles prevailed. However, whenever the nursing workload peaked, the determine and persuade styles were used (p<0.05).

scholarly journals Influence Of Supportive And Directive Leadership Styles On Employee Job Satisfaction In Commercial Banks In Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVIDSON MGHANGA MWAISAKA
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Leadership Styles ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Supportive Leadership ◽  
Employee Job Satisfaction

The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of supportive and directive leadership style on employee job satisfaction in commercial banks in Kenya. The study adopted positivism research philosophy to guide the study and limited itself to descriptive correlational research design to analyze and provide responses to the research questions. The research design was preferred because it allows description and comparison of characteristics of populations based on data collected from samples through questionnaires. The target population of the study was 15,030 employees in all the 43 commercial banks licensed to operate in Kenya as of June 2018. Using stratified sampling technique, the study drew a sample size of 386 employees reporting to middle level managers. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, which included factor analysis, correlational analysis, chi-square, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and regression analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 and Windows’ Microsoft excel programs.From the findings of multiple linear regression analysis, it was established that directive leadership style had a positive and significant relationship with employee job satisfaction, R2 = .228, F(1, 362) = 53.396, p < .05; β = .454, p < .05. The results from multiple linear regression analysis also showed that supportive leadership style positively and significantly predicted employee job satisfaction, R2 = .603, F(1, 366) = 278.269, p < .05; β = .716, p < .05. In addition, the study tested the moderating influence of environmental contingency factors and was confirmed that environmental contingency factors significantly moderated the relationship between path-goal leadership style and employee job satisfaction, R2=0.090, F(5,364) = 35.04, p < .05; β= 0.229, p<.05.The study makes a contribution to the literature of the influence of directive and supportive leadership styles from Kenyan commercial banks’ perspective and adds an impetus to employees, management and policymakers to address issues that are impeding employee job satisfaction. The future researchers should include all bank employees in their study to determine the influence of directive leadership style and supportive leadership style on employee job satisfaction.

scholarly journals Comparison of Copper Level and Color Vision in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients Before and After Ethambutol Treatment in Category I and II

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Febria Restissa ◽  
Ahmad Rasyid ◽  
Devi Azri Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Total Error ◽  
T Test ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Copper Level ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Vision Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Paired T Test

ABSTRACT Objective : to determine the correlation between duration of ethambutol and copper levels in serum with color vision disorder examined with Farnsworth Munsell 100 Hue (FM100) in patients with tuberculosis. Methods: This study was an explorative observation of 20 samples during November 2017 - January 2018 period. Comparative analysis using independent t-test, paired t-test, Wilcoxon test and Mann-Whitney test, while correlation analysis using Spearman's test and Pearson's test.  Results: There was a significant difference of FM100 value before and after in category I (p=0.000) with increase of total error value 11.80+5.31 or category II (p=0.000) with increase of total error value 15.00+7.41. There was significant difference of Cu2+ level before and after in category I (p=0.005) with decrease of Cu2+ level 15.57+5.04 mg/dL or category II (p=0.005) with decrease of Cu2+ level 31.66+7.35 mg/dL. There was significant correlation between color vision and duration of ethambutol (p=0.000), but there was no significant correlation of Cu2+ with color vision (p>0.05). Conclusion: The duration of Ethambutol was related to changes in color vision examined with FM100.

scholarly journals Analysis The Level Of Cattleman’s Knowledge Using The T-Test And Wilcoxon In Maju Farmer Group

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Bismi Widi Hastari ◽  
Dyah Gandasari ◽  
Harry Harry
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Statistical Software ◽  
City Administration ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Urine Production ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Paired T Test

Tani Maju farmer group is one of the farming groups located in Rorotan Village, Cilincing District, North Jakarta City Administration. This group has a lot of sheep and advanced management. Despite they manage their sheep well, they are not well informed on how to manage the sewage from their castles (faces and urine). So far, they just throw away the sewage or gave them to fellow farmers. This study aimed to analyze the level of farmers' knowledge in making use of sheep's urine to be degraded into bio urine in the Maju Farmer group. Data was collected through the pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed using paired t-test and Wilcoxon statistical software (IBM SPSS Statistics 25). The results of the study showed that farmers' knowledge in sewage (Urine) management increased; there is a significant difference in farmers' level of knowledge in bio urine production before and after bio urine extension.

scholarly journals Perubahan antropometri, kalsium darah, tekanan darah, dan kebugaran fisik akibat asupan susu kambing pada olahragawan

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Yusni Yusni ◽  
Amiruddin Amiruddin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Sports Nutrition ◽  
T Test ◽  
Muscle Endurance ◽  
Blood Calcium ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Changes in anthropometry, blood calcium, blood pressure, and physical fitness due to goat's milk intake in athletesBackground: The intake of healthy-balanced nutrition is needed by athletes. The complex nutritional content of goat milk such as protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamin, and mineral acts as sports nutrition during and after training. Objective: This study aims to analyze the effects of goat milk on physical fitness, anthropometrics, blood calcium, and blood pressure in athletes. Methods: A clinical trial was conducted using healthy human subjects. Subjects were runners (n=10 people) as the control group and gymnasts (n=19 people) as the treatment group, male, age 21-27 years, and healthy. Bodyweight (BW), Height, and Body Mass Index (BMI), blood calcium, Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), and physical fitness were examined two times, before and after consuming goat milk. Intervention: fresh goat milk, 250 mg/day (after dinner), and given for 90 days. Data were analyzed using a paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test. Results: There was no difference between BW (p=0.07), BMI (p=0.08), and DBP (p=0.24), but instead there was a significant difference in SBP (p=0.00) before and after goat milk intervention in the experimental group. Blood calcium was significantly increased (p=0.00) in the intervention group, whereas reverse decreased significantly (p=0.02) in controls. A significant difference before and after therapy was found in speed (p=0.00), arm muscle endurance (p=0.01), an-aerobic endurance (p=0.00), agility (p=0.02), however, there was no significant difference between leg muscle power (p=0.13), flexibility (p=0.23), an endurance of abdominal muscles (p=0.26), VO2 max (p=1.15) in the intervention group. Conclusions: Regular consumption of goat milk can reduce SBP, increase blood calcium levels, and improve physical fitness (speed, arm muscle endurance, anaerobic endurance, and agility) in athletes. Goat milk is an essential role in sports nutrition for physical fitness and athlete's health.

scholarly journals Learning The Strategy of Reasoning Through Marzano Dimensional Mastery Learning Model Among Form Four Students for The Topic Of Differentiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Nizam Arshad ◽  
Noor Azean Atan ◽  
Abdul Halim Abdullah ◽  
Mahani Mokhtar ◽  
Mohd Salleh Abu
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
T Test ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Reasoning Skills

Reasoning skills are very important in encouraging students to think more critically and logically, as depicted in the Malaysian Education Development Plan (2013-2025). Therefore, this study looked into improving the Differentiation Reasoning Level (DRL) of reasoning skills among students for a topic in the Additional Mathematics subject,  known as Differentiation, through reasoning learning strategy. The study participants consisted of a total of 31 students from a secondary boarding school in Johor, selected through a purposive sampling method. A pre-test was carried out for the participants, from the advanced level, followed by a number of repetition tests, before the post-test assessment was conducted. The data collection for this study employed a set of Reasoning Test on Differentiation (RTD) and 10 sets of learning activities on Differentiation based on modified Marzano Rubric for Specific Task of Situations (1992). This dimension involved four types of reasoning skills, namely,  comparison, classification, inductive, and deductive. The survey data, through paired samples t-test, revealed a significant difference between the mean scores in pre-test and post-test (p <0.05). In addition, the paired sample t-test showed a significant difference on the level of reasoning among students from each construct in the reasoning skills before and after using this module. In conclusion, the Marzano Model of Dimensional Learning (1992) is a thinking skill model that can help improve students' reasoning skills. The model covers analysis aspects of what has been learned by implementing the process of identifying reasons, which will help students to add and expand their knowledge. The findings also implied that, the processes of teaching and learning play an important role in ensuring students’ capability to emphasize on the implementation process of reasoning skills

scholarly journals EFEKTIFITAS METODE MENGAJAR KESELURUHAN DENGAN METODE MENGAJAR BAGIAN PERBAGIAN TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MENGUMPAN (PASSING) KAKI BAGIAN DALAM PADA PERMAINAN FUTSAL MAHASISWA FIK UNM

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Sudirman Sudirman ◽  
Andi Mas Jaya
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Method ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
T Test ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

This study aims to find out which is more effective between the overall method and the teaching method part by section on learning outcomes passing (passing) the inner leg in students who take Futsal learning. This research was carried out by an experimental method in total sampling. Thedata analysis technique used to test the hypothesis is the t-test, at a significant level α= 0.05, starting with calculating the t-count value to compare with the t-table value at a significant level of 95%. (1) The whole method is obtained by t-count = 4, the value listed in t-table with degrees of freedom (dk) = 15-1 = 14. A significant level of 5% is 2.14, so t-count> t-table, means that there is a convincing (significant) difference before and after being given the overall method treatment. (2) The teaching method part of division is obtained the value of t-count = 3.7, the value listed in t-table with degrees of freedom (dk) = 15-1 = 14. Significant level of 5% is 2.14, so t-count> t-table, means that there is a convincing (significant) difference before and after the treatment method is given in part. And (3) The overall method and the part-by-part teaching method obtained t-count = 3.2, the values listed in t-table with degrees of freedom (dk) = 15 + 15-2 = 28. A significant level of 5% is 2.05. So t-count> t-table.

scholarly journals Implementation of Imaginative Sugestion Method by Using Audio Visual Media in Learning Poetry Writing

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Andri Firman Budiansah
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Visual Media ◽  
T Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Poetry Writing ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Audio Media

The research is led by the problems on student’s skill in writing poetry in eight grade SMPN 3 Cipanas cianjur. Imaginative suggestion method with audio visual media does not only create comfortable atmosphere but also give suggestion that develop students amaginative skill. The research design used in this study is One Group Pre-test Post-test. The design is aimed to find out the result of the subject and to show how well the final results of each subject. Based on the results, it is shown that there is a significant difference of students’ ability of writing poetry before and after using Imaginative Suggestion method With Visual-Audio Media, it is proven by calculation with t-test obtained t arithmetic is 2.68 and t table price t 0,05 ie 2.04. it shows that t count (2.68)> t table (2.04). Then it can be concluded that the results of implementing Imaginative Suggestion method With Visual-Audio Media on Poetry Writing is effective.Keywords: imaginative suggestion method, audio-visual media, poetry writing

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