scholarly journals The Dark Matter and Dark Energy in Cosmic Evolution

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Bin Liang
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Radiation Field ◽  
Destructive Interference ◽  
Gravitation Field ◽  
Energy Radiation ◽  
Cosmic Evolution ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cosmic Model

This article is on an in-depth study of the relationship between the dark matter, dark energy, radiation field and gravitation field, based on the standard cosmic model and the principle that dark energy is originated from the destructive interference of electromagnetic radiation field. It explains the dynamic mechanism of cosmic expansion and contraction, and calculates the densities of dark matter, dark energy, radiation field and gravitation field.

scholarly journals The Origin of Dark Energy and Cosmic Expansion and Contraction

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Liang
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Energy Level ◽  
Radiation Field ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Destructive Interference ◽  
Cosmic Expansion ◽  
Universe Expand ◽  
The Universe

<p class="1Body">This article proves that the photons of lower energy are annihilated into dark energy due to the destructive interference of light, and the increase of dark energy makes the universe expand, the Hubble formula could be derived based on it. The energy level of matter reduces, more and more matter becomes the dark matter in the process. The universe stops expanding and starts to contract in the action of gravity when the energy density of radiation field becomes small enough in it.</p>

scholarly journals A Cosmological Model Based on a Quadratic Equation of State Unifying Vacuum Energy, Radiation, and Dark Energy

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Henri Chavanis
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Equation Of State ◽  
Cosmological Model ◽  
Vacuum Energy ◽  
Quadratic Equation ◽  
Accelerated Expansion ◽  
Constant Density ◽  
Energy Radiation ◽  
Quadratic Equation Of State

We consider a cosmological model based on a quadratic equation of state (where is the Planck density and is the cosmological density) “unifying” vacuum energy, radiation, and dark energy. For , it reduces to leading to a phase of early accelerated expansion (early inflation) with a constant density equal to the Planck density  g/m3 (vacuum energy). For , we recover the equation of state of radiation . For , we get leading to a phase of late accelerated expansion (late inflation) with a constant density equal to the cosmological density  g/m3 (dark energy). The temperature is determined by a generalized Stefan-Boltzmann law. We show a nice “symmetry” between the early universe (vacuum energy + radiation) and the late universe (radiation + dark energy). In our model, they are described by two polytropic equations of state with index and respectively. Furthermore, the Planck density in the early universe plays a role similar to that of the cosmological density in the late universe. They represent fundamental upper and lower density bounds differing by 122 orders of magnitude. We add the contribution of baryonic matter and dark matter considered as independent species and obtain a simple cosmological model describing the whole evolution of the universe. We study the evolution of the scale factor, density, and temperature. This model gives the same results as the standard CDM model for , where is the Planck time and completes it by incorporating the phase of early inflation in a natural manner. Furthermore, this model does not present any singularity at and exists eternally in the past (although it may be incorrect to extrapolate the solution to the infinite past). Our study suggests that vacuum energy, radiation, and dark energy may be the manifestation of a unique form of “generalized radiation.” By contrast, the baryonic and dark matter components of the universe are treated as different species. This is at variance with usual models (quintessence, Chaplygin gas, ...) trying to unify dark matter and dark energy.

scholarly journals Realizing interactions between dark matter and dark energy using k-essence cosmology

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (27) ◽  
pp. 1950219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijit Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Anirban Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Energy Tensor ◽  
Late Time ◽  
Stress Energy Tensor ◽  
Cosmic Evolution ◽  
Stress Energy ◽  
Constant Potential ◽  
State Stress

In this paper, we exploit dynamics of a [Formula: see text]-essence scalar field to realize interactions between dark components of universe resulting in an evolution consistent with observed features of late-time phase of cosmic evolution. Stress–energy tensor corresponding to a [Formula: see text]-essence Lagrangian [Formula: see text] (where [Formula: see text]) is shown to be equivalent to an ideal fluid with two components having same equation of state. Stress–energy tensor of one of the components may be generated from a constant potential [Formula: see text]-essence Lagrangian of form [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text] constant) and that of other from another Lagrangian of form [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]. We have shown that the unified dynamics of dark matter and dark energy described by a single scalar field [Formula: see text] driven by a [Formula: see text]-essence Lagrangian [Formula: see text] may be viewed in terms of diffusive interactions between the two hypothetical fluid components “1” and “2” with stress–energy tensors equivalent to that of Lagrangians [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. The energy transfer between the fluid components is determined by functions [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and their derivatives. Such a realization is shown to be consistent with the Supernova Ia data with certain constraints on the temporal behavior of [Formula: see text]-essence potential [Formula: see text]. We have described a methodology to obtain such constraints.

Poetic Trespass

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lital Levy
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Visual Art ◽  
Prose Poetry ◽  
Old World ◽  
History And Literature ◽  
Political Boundaries ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Emile Habiby ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

A Palestinian-Israeli poet declares a new state whose language, “Homelandic,” is a combination of Arabic and Hebrew. A Jewish-Israeli author imagines a “language plague” that infects young Hebrew speakers with old world accents, and sends the narrator in search of his Arabic heritage. This book brings together such startling visions to offer the first in-depth study of the relationship between Hebrew and Arabic in the literature and culture of Israel/Palestine. More than that, the book presents a captivating portrait of the literary imagination's power to transgress political boundaries and transform ideas about language and belonging. Blending history and literature, the book traces the interwoven life of Arabic and Hebrew in Israel/Palestine from the turn of the twentieth century to the present, exposing the two languages' intimate entanglements in contemporary works of prose, poetry, film, and visual art by both Palestinian and Jewish citizens of Israel. In a context where intense political and social pressures work to identify Jews with Hebrew and Palestinians with Arabic, the book finds writers who have boldly crossed over this divide to create literature in the language of their “other,” as well as writers who bring the two languages into dialogue to rewrite them from within. Exploring such acts of poetic trespass, the book introduces new readings of canonical and lesser-known authors, including Emile Habiby, Hayyim Nahman Bialik, Anton Shammas, Saul Tchernichowsky, Samir Naqqash, Ronit Matalon, Salman Masalha, A. B. Yehoshua, and Almog Behar. By revealing uncommon visions of what it means to write in Arabic and Hebrew, the book will change the way we understand literature and culture in the shadow of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.

Effective masses in a dense fermion background — Applied to neutrinos, dark matter and dark energy

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (21) ◽  
pp. 1444010
Author(s):  
Bruce H. J. McKellar ◽  
T. J. Goldman ◽  
G. J. Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Effective Mass ◽  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Expectation Value ◽  
Effective Masses ◽  
Neutrino Astrophysics

If fermions interact with a scalar field, and there are many fermions present the scalar field may develop an expectation value and generate an effective mass for the fermions. This can lead to the formation of fermion clusters, which could be relevant for neutrino astrophysics and for dark matter astrophysics. Because this system may exhibit negative pressure, it also leads to a model of dark energy.

Dark Matter and Dark Energy from the solution of the strong CP problem

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Mainini ◽  
Loris Colombo ◽  
Silvio Bonometto
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy

Dark matter as dark energy

2003 ◽  
Vol 568 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 8-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramzi R Khuri
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy
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