The Return of Sophisticated Maritime Piracy to Southeast Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-30
Author(s):  
Justin V. Hastings
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
The Political ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Maritime Piracy ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Abu Sayyaf Group ◽  
The Face ◽  
Economic Infrastructure ◽  
Political Economic

What explains the recent (perhaps temporary) resurgence of sophisticated maritime pirate attacks in Southeast Asia in the face of strong regional counter-piracy efforts? Given Southeast Asian countries' relatively well-functioning institutions, political, economic, and conflict-related explanations for the return of piracy are incomplete. As an innovative extension to structural arguments on piracy incidence, we take an approach that focuses on adaptation by the pirates themselves, using incident-level data derived from the International Maritime Organization to track how sophisticated pirate organizations have changed what, where, and how they attack. In response to counter-piracy efforts that are designed to deny pirates the political space, time, and access to economic infrastructure they need to bring their operations to a profitable conclusion, pirates have adapted their attacks to minimize dependence on those factors. Within Southeast Asia, this adaptation varies by the type of pirate attack: ship and cargo seizures have shifted to attacks that move quickly, ignore the ship, and strip only cargo that can be sold profitably, while kidnappings involve taking hostages off ships to land bases in the small areas dominated by insurgent groups. The result is a concentration of ship and cargo seizures in western archipelagic Southeast Asia, and a concentration of kidnappings in areas near Abu Sayyaf Group strongholds.

scholarly journals AIRLANGGA: HIS RELATIONS TO KINGS IN SOUTH AND SOUTH-EAST ASIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ninie Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
The Political ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Route Network ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Difficult Times ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

After 1,000 years of C.E, it was the most crucial period in the journey of Southeast Asian ancient history. Many fundamental transitions happened, which were caused by disturbances from the outside of the Southeast Asian countries, as well as, from the countries within Southeast Asia. Casparis was a scholar who wrote about King Airlangga’s rule in Java (1019 – 1043 C.E) and who called him “A True Personality” because he succeeded in helping his people going through difficult times when the state faced devastation. Coedès placed Airlangga in a position equal to that of other kings of mainland Southeast Asia, such as King Suryawarman (who ruled Khmer from 1002 to 1050), and King Aniruddha of Pagan (1044 – 1077). The content of King Airlangga’s inscriptions reflected his broad networks in politics, economy, and religion to many kings in Southeast Asia. Furthermore, his reforming ideas was – believed – inspired by his networks. During his ruling period, his ideas of reformation had granted him as a great king. He managed to raise his kingdom from the devastation caused by Pralaya in 1016 by using as an analogy, a policy which was formed through the political, economic and religious conditions implemented by other neighboring kings, to his domestic problem. The result of which is that it was an intense relationship between the kings in Southeast Asia and South Asia and King Airlangga during the spice route network and other products. This relationship continued until Majapahit era in Java, according to the inscriptions.

scholarly journals Maritime Terrorism Network: Threat and Security in Contemporary Southeast Asia

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Herdi Sahrasad ◽  
Al Chaidar ◽  
M. Akmal ◽  
Saifullah Ali ◽  
Nanda Amalia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Maritime Piracy ◽  
Terrorist Groups ◽  
Abu Sayyaf Group ◽  
Long Time ◽  
World Class ◽  
Security Concern ◽  
Abu Sayyaf

<p>Southeast Asia is a region that is vulnerable to terrorism. Of the total terrorism cases that occurred in the world, 50 percents occurred in this region. Mindanao is one of the regions in Southeast Asia that since a long time ago has been the basis of world-class terrorism. This situation is getting worse due to the presence of terrorist groups with a strong tradition of maritime piracy. The nexus between terrorism and piracy makes the issue of maritime terrorism in Southeast Asia a regional security concern. Abu Sayyaf Group is a terrorist group in the Southern Philippines that is very well-known but difficult to map. This makes the Abu Sayyaf a source of prolonged tension in the Southern Philippines in particular and in the Southeast Asia region in general. This study is a field observation that uses descriptive analysis to reveal the details of the Abu Sayyaf and the issue of terrorism in Mindanao.</p>

scholarly journals ESTRUTURALISMO, DESENVOLVIMENTO E LEGISLAÇÃO COMERCIAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (55) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Fábio Da Silva VEIGA ◽  
João Otávio Bacchi GUTINIEKI
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Economic Power ◽  
Commercial Law ◽  
Structuralist Theory ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
The Face ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Do So ◽  
The Way

RESUMOPelo presente trabalho apresenta-se a teoria neoestruturalista como uma resposta aos desafios enfrentados pelo Direito na atualidade. Para tanto, busca-se conceituar a maneira segundo a qual aplicar-se-ia esta teoria, bem como demonstrar situações práticas que envolvem diretamente a conjuntura político-econômica em seu contato com o Direito Comercial. Por fim, analisa-se o risco, assim como a plausibilidade do estruturalismo frente aos desafios jurídicos atuais. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Desenvolvimento; legislação comercial; neoestruturalismo; proteção de interesses; poder econômico. ABSTRACT The present paper presents the neo-structuralist theory as a response to the challenges faced by law today. In order to do so, it seeks to conceptualize the way in which this theory would be applied, as well as to demonstrate practical situations that directly involve the political-economic conjuncture in its contact with Commercial Law. Finally, we analyze the risk as well as the plausibility of structuralism in the face of current legal challenges. KEYWORDS: Development; Commercial Legislation; Neo-Structuralism; Protection Of Interests; Economic Power.

scholarly journals Research Note: Measuring the Impacts of Colonialism: A New Data Set for the Countries of Africa and Asia

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Ziltener ◽  
Daniel Künzler ◽  
André Walter
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
The Political ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
British Colonies

We present a new dataset with 15 indicators for the political, economic and social impact of colonialism. This dataset and our four indices for the impact of colonialism create for the first time the opportunity to compare directly the levels of colonial transformation for a sample of 83 African and Asian countries. Some of our exploratory findings on the interrelation of the dimensions show that in British colonies political domination was in general less direct and less violent. Plantation colonies experienced more investment in infrastructure and more violence during decolonization. The correlations between indicators for economic distortion (trade policy, trade and FDI concentration) show that the economic re-direction of some colonies towards a more exclusive exchange with the metropole country was an interdependent process. In general, a more intense political domination came along with a higher level of economic transformation. If an area was transformed economically, however, a social transformation was likely to take place too, but these processes should not be confounded. In areas that were politically united for the first time under colonialism, economic distortion and social transformation were more profound.

The Political Economy of Support for Sharia: Evidence from the Russian North Caucasus

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 695-719
Author(s):  
Valery Dzutsati ◽  
David Siroky ◽  
Khasan Dzutsev
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
The Political ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Economic Preferences ◽  
Russian North ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Political Economic

AbstractMany scholars have argued that orthodox Muslims harbor attitudes that are more economically communitarian and politically illiberal, since individuals are seen as embedded within a larger community that places a premium on social order. Yet most studies have ignored the potential of Islam as an ideological platform for political reformers. Religion in general and Islam in particular has mostly been treated as a predictor rather than a derivative of political-economic preferences. This article suggests that, in the absence of credible secular political ideologies and representative political mechanisms, reformist-minded individuals are likely to use religion as a political platform for change. When Muslims are a minority in a repressive non-Muslim society, Islamic orthodoxy can serve as a political platform for politically and economically liberal forces. We test these conjectures with original micro-level data from the Russian North Caucasus and find strong support for them.

Engaging the South: Ming China and Southeast Asia in the Fifteenth Century

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 578-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff Wade
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
The South ◽  
Economic Exploitation ◽  
Politique Économique ◽  
Political Economic

AbstractThe fifteenth century witnessed Ming China expanding its interactions with areas to the south—areas which we today refer to as Southeast Asia. This involved overland political expansion, the gradual incorporation of Tai polities, as well as their economic exploitation. The twenty-year incorporation of the Dai Viêt policy was also part of this process. In the maritime realm, following the early fifteenth-century sending of massive armadas in an attempt to achieve a pax Ming in the region, the Ming court made efforts to ban maritime commerce by non-state players. This paper examines the effects that these various Ming policies had on Southeast Asia in the political, economic, technological, and cultural spheres. Le XVIème siècle vit la multiplication des interventions de la Chine des Ming dans la région aujourd'hui dénommée Asie du Sud-Est. Elles entraînèrent une expansion politique terrestre, l'annexion progressive des royaumes Thaïs et leur exploitation économique. L'incorporation du royaume de Dai Viêt à la Chine durant vingt années, s'inscrit dans le même développement. Dans le domaine maritime, le début du XVIème siècle est marqué par l'envoi d'armadas qui tentèrent d'imposer la pax Ming dans l'Asie du Sud-Est., la cour Ming s'efforçant d'exclure le négoce privé du commerce maritime. Cette contribution étudie les effets de l'ensemble des stratégies des Ming en Asie du Sud-Est dans la sphère politique, économique, technologique et culturelle.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Queen’s Speech on COVID-19 from the Perspective of Transitivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Luo Yu
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Functional Linguistics ◽  
The Political ◽  
British Government ◽  
Public Speech ◽  
Verbal Process ◽  
Concept Of Function ◽  
The Face ◽  
Material Process ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Political Economic

The Queen Elizabeth II recently made her fifth public speech on coVID-19 since taking office. Through the use of systemic functional linguistics to analyze her speech text, this article mainly analyzes the text from the perspective of the concept of function and finds this speech text involves only four processes: material process, metal process, relational process and verbal process. This article discusses the political, economic and cultural characteristics of the UK’s response to coVID-19. In addition, this paper compares China and the UK, and discusses the different measures taken in the face of the epidemic and the underlying cultural background. This study found out that the Queen’s speech is mainly aimed at expressing gratitude to those working on the front lines of the fight against the epidemic and encouraging people to respond to the call of the British government and face the epidemic positively. The analysis of speech with the transitivity can enrich and update the study contents of transitivity.

scholarly journals MANAGING RELIGIOUS AND ETHNIC DIVERSITY FOR PEACE AND HARMONY: ISLAM AND BUDDHISM IN THE MALAY WORLD OF SOUTH EAST ASIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
Imtiyaz Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Political Policy ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
Minority Religion ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Relationship

This article discusses the phenomenon of the relationship between Islam and Buddhism in the Malay World of Southeast Asia. The ultimate goal is to uncover social facts about the relationship between adherents of the two largest religions in Southeast Asia: Islam (42%) and Buddhism (40%). This research shows that the relations between Islamic and Buddhist communities in various Southeast Asian Countries are full of dynamics. The dynamics can take the form of peaceful relations or vice versa: conflicts with various levels of escalation. Among the reasons that also triggered the emergence of conflict is the problem of political, economic, socio-cultural, and religious disparities. The solution to this problem can be done with a historical approach, an intra and interfaith dialogue approach in order to foster mutual understanding between adherents of both religions, a political policy approach in the form of granting basic rights to followers of a minority religion, and an academic approach through the study of religions in various universities in Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia and various other countries in the Southeast Asian region. Meanwhile, Islamic studies in various Islamic universities need to be done with an interdisciplinary approach and understanding of languages ​​and cultures that exist in Asian countries.

scholarly journals Southeast Asia in the one belt, one road initiative

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3A) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Inna Evgeniyivna Pidbereznykh
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The Political ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
One Belt One Road ◽  
The One ◽  
Political Realities ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

The article describes the Chinese initiative “One Belt, One Road” by the example of its implementation in the region of Southeast Asia. At the same time, the paper investigates the prehistory of the formation of this project. Therefore, the article notes that the positions of Southeast Asian countries on the initiative proposed by China vary greatly and depend on political realities. Based on the analysis of the political and economic situation of the countries of this region the attitudes of Myanmar, Indonesia, Vietnam, Singapore, the Philippines and Japan to this Chinese initiative are highlighted in detail. The paper notes that the recent coup in Myanmar 2021 has further complicated the business environment in the country, not only putting Chinese projects at direct risk, but also threatening Beijing's economic interests in the country. In addition, the article characterizes the key risks and problems of the implementation of PRC initiatives. It is established that there are many problems on the way to the implementation of the said program.

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