scholarly journals Diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) from the Bolivian Altiplano: three new araphid species from the Desaguadero River draining Lake Titicaca.

Fottea ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo A. Morales ◽  
Maria Helena Novais ◽  
Gabriela Chavez ◽  
Lucien Hoffmann ◽  
Luc Ector
Keyword(s):  
Lake Titicaca ◽  
Bolivian Altiplano

scholarly journals Endemic human fasciolosis in the Bolivian Altiplano

2006 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. PARKINSON ◽  
S. M. O'NEILL ◽  
J. P. DALTON
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Emerging Disease ◽  
La Paz ◽  
Lake Titicaca ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys ◽  
Bolivian Altiplano

SUMMARYFasciolosis, caused by trematodes of the genusFasciola, is an emerging disease of humans. One of the highest levels of human fasciolosis hepatica is found amongst the indigenous Aymaran people of the Northern Bolivian Altiplano. A meta-analysis of epidemiological surveys from 38 communities in the region demonstrates that fasciolosis has been endemic in the region since at least 1984 and is a zoonosis of rural communities. Human and bovine fasciolosis is associated with the communities lying in the plain from Lake Titicaca to La Paz, predominantly in the Los Andes province. In Los Andes incidences of up to 67% of population cohorts were found, and prevalence is age-related with the highest infection rate in children aged 8–11 years.

scholarly journals Isotopic tracers of paleohydrologic change in large lakes of the Bolivian Altiplano

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christa J. Placzek ◽  
Jay Quade ◽  
P. Jonathan Patchett
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Regional Variability ◽  
Large Lakes ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Isotopic Tracers ◽  
Lake Titicaca ◽  
Lake Level Fluctuations ◽  
Lake System ◽  
Bolivian Altiplano

AbstractWe have developed an 87Sr/86Sr, 234U/238U, and δ18O data set from carbonates associated with late Quaternary paleolake cycles on the southern Bolivian Altiplano as a tool for tracking and understanding the causes of lake-level fluctuations. Distinctive groupings of 87Sr/86Sr ratios are observed. Ratios are highest for the Ouki lake cycle (120–95 ka) at 0.70932, lowest for Coipasa lake cycle (12.8–11.4 ka) at 0.70853, and intermediate at 0.70881 to 0.70884 for the Salinas (95–80 ka), Inca Huasi (~ 45 ka), Sajsi (24–20.5 ka), and Tauca (18.1–14.1 ka) lake cycles. These Sr ratios reflect variable contributions from the eastern and western Cordilleras. The Laca hydrologic divide exerts a primary influence on modern and paleolake 87Sr/86Sr ratios; waters show higher 87Sr/86Sr ratios north of this divide. Most lake cycles were sustained by slightly more rainfall north of this divide but with minimal input from Lake Titicaca. The Coipasa lake cycle appears to have been sustained mainly by rainfall south of this divide. In contrast, the Ouki lake cycle was an expansive lake, deepest in the northern (Poópo) basin, and spilling southward. These results indicate that regional variability in central Andean wet events can be reconstructed using geochemical patterns from this lake system.

Farmers' willingness to adopt irrigation for quinoa in communities of the Central Altiplano of Bolivia

2011 ◽  
pp. 7-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristal Taboada ◽  
Armando Mamani ◽  
Dirk Raes ◽  
Erik Mathijs ◽  
Magalí García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
Surplus Production ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
Willingness To Adopt ◽  
Bolivian Altiplano ◽  
Main Factors

Quinoa is considered a strategic crop because it is well adapted to the adverse abiotic conditions of the Bolivian Altiplano; however, the average yield is low. Previous studies have demonstrated that quinoa yield would increase with deficit irrigation technology. Nevertheless, to irrigate quinoa is not a normal practice in the farming systems of the Altiplano. This paper examines the main factors that determine the attitude of farmers towards adopting deficit irrigation using a sample of 137 surveys in seven communities of the Central Altiplano. Statistic analysis demonstrates that the most important factors influencing farmers' willingness for irrigation adoption are the acreage planted with quinoa, quantity of surplus production for trading, and having irrigation experience. Also, the age and education level were important to know willingness to adopt a new technology. Therefore, deficit irrigation is more likely to be performed in area where farmers own larger fields and where there is already certain type of irrigation.

Twelfth Century AD

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lonnie G. Thompson ◽  
Alan L. Kolata
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Lake Titicaca ◽  
Independent Evidence ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
Paleoclimate Records ◽  
Past Climate Change

Climate is a fundamental and independent variable of human existence. Given that 50 percent of the Earth’s surface and much of its population exist between 30oN and 30oS, paleoenvironmental research in the Earth’s tropical regions is vital to our understanding of the world’s current and past climate change. Most of the solar energy that drives the climate system is absorbed in these regions. Paleoclimate records reveal that tropical processes, such as variations in the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), have affected the climate over much of the planet. Climatic variations, particularly in precipitation and temperature, play a critical role in the adaptations of agrarian cultures located in zones of environmental sensitivity, such as those of the coastal deserts, highlands, and altiplano of the Andean region. Paleoclimate records from the Quelccaya ice cap (5670 masl) in highland Peru that extend back ~1800 years show good correlation between precipitation and the rise and fall of pre-Hispanic civilizations in western Peru and Bolivia. Sediment cores extracted from Lake Titicaca provide independent evidence of this correspondence with particular reference to the history of the pre-Hispanic Tiwanaku state centered in the Andean altiplano. Here we explore, in particular, the impacts of climate change on the development and ultimate dissolution of this altiplano state.

The Rise and Fall of Wiñaymarka: Rethinking Cultural and Environmental Interactions in the Southern Basin of Lake Titicaca

Human Ecology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-145
Author(s):  
Maria C. Bruno ◽  
José M. Capriles ◽  
Christine A. Hastorf ◽  
Sherilyn C. Fritz ◽  
D. Marie Weide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Titicaca ◽  
Southern Basin ◽  
Environmental Interactions

scholarly journals Postcranial anatomy of the extinct terrestrial sloth Simomylodon uccasamamensis (Xenarthra, Mylodontidae) from the Pliocene of the Bolivian Altiplano, and its evolutionary implications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Boscaini ◽  
Néstor Toledo ◽  
Bernardino Mamani Quispe ◽  
Rubén Andrade Flores ◽  
Marcos Fernández‐Monescillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bolivian Altiplano ◽  
Postcranial Anatomy
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