scholarly journals Sequential versus single-step embryo culture media in preimplantation embryo development and pregnancy rates: a retrospective matched cohort study

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-218
Author(s):  
Şafak Olgan ◽  
Enver Kerem Dirican
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Embryo Culture ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo Development ◽  
Matched Cohort Study

P–227 Fatty acid regulation of Nrf2/Keap1 pathway during mouse preimplantation embryo development

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Dionne ◽  
A J Watson ◽  
D H Betts ◽  
B A Rafea
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Embryo Culture ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blastocyst Development ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo Development

Abstract Study question Our objective is determining whether supplementing embryo culture media with palmitic acid and/or oleic acid impacts Nrf2/Keap1 antioxidant response pathways during preimplantation mouse embryo development. Summary answer Supplementation of embryo culture media with palmitic acid increases cellular Nrf2 levels per embryo after 48-hour culture, while oleic acid reverses this effect. What is known already Obese women experience higher incidence of infertility than women with healthy BMIs. The obese reproductive tract environment supporting preimplantation embryo development is likely to include enhanced free fatty acid (FFA) levels and increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Exposure to palmitic acid (PA) in vitro significantly impairs mouse embryo development while increasing ER stress mRNAs. Oleic acid (OA) reverses these effects. To further define effects of FFA exposure, we are characterizing the influence of FFAs on the Nrf2–Keap1 pathway and its downstream antioxidant defense systems. We hypothesize that PA treatment induces Nrf2-Keap1 activity, while OA treatment alleviates pathway activity. Study design, size, duration Female CD–1 mice (4–6 weeks) were super-ovulated via intraperitoneal injections of PMSG, followed 48 hours later by hCG. Female mice were mated with male CD–1 mice (6–8 months) overnight. Females were euthanized using CO2 and two-cell embryos were collected by flushing oviducts. Two-cell embryos were placed into KSOMaa-based treatment groups: 1) BSA (control); 2) 100µM PA; 3) 100µM OA; 4) 100µM PA+OA, and cultured for 48 hours (37 °C; 5% O2, 5% CO2, 90% N2). Participants/materials, setting, methods After 48-hour embryo culture, developmental stages of all mouse embryos were recorded. Immunofluorescence analysis of Nrf2 and Keap1 localization was performed for embryo treatments (BSA, 100µM PA, 100µM OA & 100µM PA+OA) using rabbit polyclonal anti-Nrf2 antibody, with Rhodamine-Phalloidin and DAPI staining. Embryos were imaged using confocal microscopy and Nrf2-positive cells were counted using ImageJ. Nrf2 and Keap1 mRNA abundances were assessed after culture in each treatment condition using RT-qPCR and the delta-delta Ct method. Main results and the role of chance Inclusion of 100µM PA in embryo culture significantly decreased blastocyst development frequency from 70.06±16.38% in the BSA (control) group to 11.61±8.19% in the PA-treated group (p < 0.0001). Embryo culture with 100µM OA and 100µM PA+OA co-treatment did not significantly impair blastocyst development (OA: 61.59±8.07%, p = 0.4053; PA+OA: 63.53±7.63%, p = 0.6204). Embryo culture with PA treatment significantly increased the mean percentage of Nrf2-positive cells to 56.83±30.49% compared with 21.22±15.63% in the control group (p < 0.0001). Conversely, 100µM OA and 100µM PA+OA treatments did not significantly affect Nrf2-positive cell frequencies compared with the control group (OA: 33.28±21.83%, p = 0.1825; PA+OA: 34.84±12.66%, p = 0.0691). Immunofluorescence results show that treating embryos with 100µM PA for 48 hours results in increased levels of cellular Nrf2, while combining 100µM PA with 100µM OA reversed these effects. Preliminary qPCR analysis showed no significant differences in Nrf2 or Keap1 relative transcript abundance between any embryo treatment groups. Nrf2 and Keap1 mRNA levels were both higher after embryo culture with 100µM OA than all other culture groups (p = 0.6268; p = 0.3201). Notably, Keap1 relative transcript levels dropped to undetectable levels after culture with 100µM PA, which suggests an increase in Nrf2 activation.Limitations, reasons for caution: While immunofluorescence localization of Nrf2/Keap1 provides insight into how the proteins behave during preimplantation embryo development, confocal images cannot determine protein-protein interactions or activity levels. Similarly, transcript information from RT-qPCR analysis only provides information about Nrf2 and Keap1 at the transcript level. Nrf2 activity will be assessed via downstream targets. Wider implications of the findings: The Nrf2–Keap1 pathway coordinates numerous cellular defence mechanisms, and is implicated in various diseases, including cancer. Establishing an impact of free fatty acid exposure on Nrf2–Keap1 during preimplantation embryo development will provide valuable information regarding the effects of maternal obesity on outcomes for embryos produced from these patients. Trial registration number Not applicable

scholarly journals The deferred embryo transfer strategy improves cumulative pregnancy rates in endometriosis-related infertility: A retrospective matched cohort study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. e0194800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathilde Bourdon ◽  
Pietro Santulli ◽  
Chloé Maignien ◽  
Vanessa Gayet ◽  
Khaled Pocate-Cheriet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Matched Cohort Study

scholarly journals Deadly decisions: the role of genes regulating programmed cell death in human preimplantation embryo development

Reproduction ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Jurisicova ◽  
Beth M Acton
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo Development

Human preimplantation embryo development is prone to high rates of early embryo wastage, particularly under currentin vitroculture conditions. There are many possible underlying causes for embryo demise, including DNA damage, poor embryo metabolism and the effect of suboptimal culture media, all of which could result in an imbalance in gene expression and the failed execution of basic embryonic decisions. In view of the complex interactions involved in embryo development, a thorough understanding of these parameters is essential to improving embryo quality. An increasing body of evidence indicates that cell fate (i.e. survival/differentiation or death) is determined by the outcome of specific intracellular interactions between pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins, many of which are expressed during oocyte and preimplantation embryo development. The recent availability of mutant mice lacking expression of various genes involved in the regulation of cell survival has enabled rapid progress towards identifying those molecules that are functionally important for normal oocyte and preimplantation embryo development. In this review we will discuss the current understanding of the regulation of cell death gene expression during preimplantation embryo development, with a focus on human embryology and a discussion of animal models where appropriate.

P–197 Two different strategies for embryo culture and selection: time-lapse with single-step medium and conventional incubator with sequential media. Are there differences in clinical results?

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Alber. Rodriguez ◽  
M Valera ◽  
L Bori ◽  
F Meseguer ◽  
L Alegre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Embryo Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Ongoing Pregnancy ◽  
Media Change ◽  
Culture Strategy

Abstract Study question Is there a significant difference in the clinical results of embryos cultured in time-lapse systems with single-step medium and conventional benchtop incubators with sequential media? Summary answer Embryos cultured in time-lapse systems and single-step media are more likely to achieve an ongoing pregnancy and have higher implantation rates than those cultured otherwise. What is known already One of the strategies for embryo culture in IVF consisted in conventional benchtop incubators combined with sequential culture media (CI-Seq). New generation time-lapse systems provide useful information on the morphokinetics of embryo development, but also a stable culture environment where embryos can develop undisturbed until blastocyst stage when paired with single-step culture media (TLS-SS). These features have the potential to improve embryo development and selection. Nonetheless, there is inconclusive evidence of whether this new culture strategy has a significant effect on clinical results of ICSI treatments. Studies on the matter are heterogeneous and reduced in both number and sample size. Study design, size, duration Unicentric retrospective cohort study. We compared the results of 11471 blastocyst transferences from 10276 ICSI treatments performed during 4 consecutive years, where embryos were cultured either on CI with sequential media (N = 5255) or a TLS with single-step medium (N = 5021). 3922 of the totals were fresh embryo transfers (ET) and 7549 frozen-thawed ET. We compared the implantation rate (IR) and ongoing pregnancy rate (OGPR) in both study groups, stratifying by ovum origin. Participants/materials, setting, methods Three models of TLS were used for embryo culture: EmbryoScope, EmbryoScope Plus (Vitrolife) and GERI (Genea Biomedx), as well as one CI (ASTEC). Sequential media: Cook, Origio, Vitrolife; Single-step media: Gems, Irvine, Life Global. Embryo scoring and selection was performed by ASEBIR criteria in the CI group, and by morphological and morphokinetic assessment for embryos cultured in TLS. Embryos were extracted from the CI only for media change. Statistical analysis: ANOVA tests and Logistic regressions. Main results and the role of chance A general Logistic Regression was performed, including egg origin, PGT-A and culture strategy to explain their impact in OGPR. Egg origin (OR = 1,094 (95%CI: 1,015–1,179); P = 0,019) and culture strategy (OR = 1,141 (95%CI: 1,060–1,229); P < 0,001) were statistically significant, which confirms the need for stratification due to the heterogeneity of the groups. The total IR in the TLS-SS group was 54,68±48,84%, significantly higher than that of CI-Seq (49,18±47,91%; P < 0,001). In ovum-donation treatments, a complete Logistic Regression for OGPR, with all typical confounding variables (age, BMI, nº oocytes, fresh/frozen transfer, number and day of ET) resulted in an OR = 1,187 (95%CI: 1,074–1,313; P = 0,001) favoring culture in TL-SS. IR in these treatments were 61,98±47,68% in TL-SS vs 55,08±46,58% in CI-Seq (P < 0,001) in fresh transfers and 51,48±48,91% in TL-SS vs 44,39±47,67% in CI-Seq (P < 0,001) in frozen-thawed ET. In autologous treatments with PGT a similar regression yielded an OR = 1,055 (95%CI: 0,889–1,252; P = 0,542) for culture strategy. The IR of genetically tested ET was not significantly different: 53,08±49,49% for TL-SS, 50,90±49,07% for CI-Seq, P = 0,246. In autologous procedures without PGT, culture strategy was not significant for OGPR (OR = 0,998 (95%CI: 0,835–1,191), P = 0,979) nor IR of fresh (49,75±48,91% TL-SS vs 44,23±47,36% CI-Seq; P = 0,081) nor frozen-thawed transferences (50,77±48,33% TL-SS vs 50,67±47,33% CI-Seq; P = 0,970). Limitations, reasons for caution After fertilization check, embryos were evaluated exclusively on D5/6. On D3, embryos cultured in CI were taken out only for a quick media change, but not for evaluation, and all handling was done in isolette cabins with controlled environmental conditions. Being a retrospective study, there is high variability in population. Wider implications of the findings: A more homogenous prospective study, including comparison in life-birth rates, is necessary to extract final conclusions. However, our results suggest that the introduction of TLS and SS media in IVF laboratories might be a valid strategy to increase clinical results, especially in fresh embryo, thanks to an improved embryo selection. Trial registration number Not applicable

P–268 Assessing the effect of media, oil and culture dishes on media osmolality and its dynamics in the culture system

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D González-Abreu ◽  
E Mestre ◽  
M Escribá-Suárez ◽  
C Miret-Lucio ◽  
A García-Esteve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Embryo Culture ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Culture Dish ◽  
Low Viscosity

Abstract Study question Can lab-related variables (media type, oil viscosity, microdroplet volume and culture dish design) modulate media evaporation and improve its stability during culture? Summary answer Using dishes with pre-defined wells, big volume microdroplets and high-viscosity mineral oil can help to reduce media evaporation and improve osmolality stability during embryo culture. What is known already Osmolality measures the number of solute particles present in a solution and is an important variable of a human embryo culture system. High ambient temperature and low humidity may induce evaporation in culture media, increasing its osmolality. In addition, recent tendencies in IVF laboratories, such as extending the embryo culture uninterruptedly until day 6/7 or the use of dry benchtop incubators, may intensify evaporation. Surpassing a 300mOsm/kg threshold can result deleterious for embryo development and impair clinical results. Different strategies (e.g. oil type/volume, dish type, micro-drop volume) have been proposed to reduce evaporation and stabilize osmolality during culture. Study design, size, duration Four variables were analyzed in their capacity to reduce media evaporation: type of culture medium, micro-droplet volume, oil viscosity and type of culture dish. Dishes were prepared with 5ml of oil and 50µl microdroplets (25µl were used for the comparison of micro-droplet volumes). Dishes were cultured in parallel in a dry benchtop incubator (AD–3100, Astec), and osmolality measured daily for seven days with a freezing point depression osmometer (Osmo1®, Advanced Instruments, accuracy ≤2mOsm/kg). Participants/materials, setting, methods The following comparison groups were analyzed: 1) Seven commercial single-step media with three differing initial osmolalities (approximately 260, 280 and >290mOsm/kg); 2) oil with high, medium or low viscosity; 3) 50 vs. 25µl microdroplets; 4) 35mm flat Petri dish vs. 35mm dish with defined wells. Temperature in the incubator was monitored continuously (T+Button, BrightSentinel), as well as room temperature and humidity (Octax Log&Guard, Vitrolife). All were stable at 37.3±0.05oC, 22.1±0.6 oC and 67.4±7.4%, respectively. Main results and the role of chance Evaporation occurred in all the studied groups, but its rate was modulated by various parameters. Culture dishes designed with pre-defined wells reduced evaporation when compared to regular Petri dishes (Increase 11.3mOsm/kg and increase 12.5mOsm/kg, respectively from day 0 to 7 (P = 0.007)). Similarly, oil viscosity had an impact in osmolality stability during culture, with an increase of 14.7mOsm/kg, 16.3mOsm/kg and 19.2mOsm/kg observed when using mineral oil with high, medium and low viscosity, respectively (P = 0.009). Finally, reducing the volume of the medium microdroplets from 50 to 25µl derived in higher evaporation rates, but without significant differences (Increase 14.7mOsm/kg and increase 15.8mOsm/kg, respectively (P = 0.325)). Different evaporation rates were observed between the seven studied culture media attending their three-differing initial osmolalities. Significant differences were observed for a media respect another three media with differing initial osmolality (P = 0.001, P = 0.01 and P = 0.015). Their initial osmolality had a direct correlation with the maximum osmolality reached at the end of culture. Thus, media with a high initial osmolality (>290mOsm/kg) resulted in hyperosmotic media above the recommended 300mOsm/kg threshold by the end of culture and, by contrast, the studied media with lower initial values were able to maintain osmolality below 300mOsm/kg for the whole duration of the culture. Limitations, reasons for caution While a clear effect was observed by the studied variables, other parameters, such as oil volume or dish preparation techniques, could also play a role in osmolality maintenance and could be studied in the future. Additionally, these findings could vary between different centers and should be validated in each laboratory. Wider implications of the findings: Osmolality has been shown to have a direct impact on embryo development, embryo quality and clinical outcomes. Carefully defining the consumables and methodologies used in the IVF laboratory will improve the stability of the culture system and, consequently, reduce the stress imparted to the embryos and gametes under culture. Trial registration number Not applicable

P–205 Epothilone D as an actin cytoskeleton stabilizer improved mitochondria bioenergenesis and blastocyst formation of mouse preimplantation embryo

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Cho ◽  
Y J Kim ◽  
M J Kim ◽  
Y S Kim ◽  
E Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Blastocyst Formation ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo Development ◽  
Microtubule Stability ◽  
Epothilone D ◽  
Microtubule Stabilizer

Abstract Study question What is primary factor of bioenergetics product activity between microtubule instability and the functional activity of mitochondria in embryo? Summary answer The actin cytoskeleton instability is presumably the primary cause for the bioenergenesis of mitochondrial function to the preimplantation embryo development. What is known already Mitochondria are cellular organelles dynamically moving and morphological changes. It provides for homeostatic energy to the cell. The dynamic property of the mitochondria is associated with the microtubule network in the cell. However, the stability of the microtubule was clearly identified for preimplantation embryo development. Study design, size, duration This study is designed to assess the ATP productivity of the mitochondria, and specifically to observe what its primary factor is in terms of providing microtubule stability in mammalian cells. Additionally, we investigated the relationship between blastocyst formation and actin cytoskeleton stabilization by EpD with 2-cell mice. Participants/materials, setting, methods We prepared the microtubule stability regulation model with the HEK293 cell line by using the microtubule stabilizer as an Epothilone D (EpD). Then we analyzed the metabolic activity of the cells through oxidative phosphorylation (OXP) ratios analysis. Also, we performed confocal live imaging to observe mitochondria morphology depending on the cells’ microtubule. Next, we treated EpD to 2-cell culture media for the analysis of blastocyst development ratios. Main results and the role of chance EpD significantly increased fusion form. Also, EpD enhance bioenergy ratios like OXP in the mitochondria and functional activity related marker, like mTOR compared with the control. These results suggest that microtubule stabilization enhances mitochondrial metabolism by increasing oxygen consumption. Also, EpD in 2-cell culture media led to a significant increase in the speed of development and 50% higher hatched out blastocyst formation ratios compared to the control group. Limitations, reasons for caution This study had limited animal experiments. For the next study, we are planning with an aim to improve the quality and development ratios of human embryos by EpD. Wider implications of the findings: Microtubule stabilizer has a possibility to recover the mitochondria’s functional activity in the preimplantation embryo development. Mitochondrial functional activity along the actin cytoskeleton may play a pivotal role in determining the embryo quality and development ratios for archive pregnancy. Trial registration number non-clinical trials

scholarly journals Can Culture Media Impact Preimplantation Embryo Aneuploidy?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Jason E. Swain
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Chromosome Analysis ◽  
Culture Cell ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Media Formulation ◽  
The Impact

With continued improvements in blastocyst culture, cell sampling approaches, and genetic analysis platforms, the resulting improvements in embryo development and the resolution and accuracy of chromosome analysis have provided valuable insights into the preimplantation embryo. This includes the impact of in vitro culture conditions on chromosomal dynamics. Specifically, through analysis of embryo aneuploidy and mosaicism, a growing number of reports indicate that rates of chromosomal abnormalities can vary between IVF centers. Because differences in mosaicism reflect mitotic errors, this endpoint analysis suggests that IVF laboratory-controlled variables during embryo development may be influencing chromosome separation and segregation. A growing body of literature suggests that culture media may be one variable influencing preimplantation embryo aneuploidy and mosaicism. However, these data are far from definitive in demonstrating cause-and-effect. Whether reported differences may be due to media formulation, use of sequential media or single-step media, or uninterrupted culture approaches is unknown. Importantly, variables directly impacting media performance and embryo development, including pH, temperature, osmolality, and oxygen concentration, must also be considered and make it difficult to isolate the impact of culture media as the sole factor responsible. These IVF laboratory variables will be reviewed and literature suggesting a possible link to mitotic aneuploidy/mosaicism will be discussed.

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